feat!: migrate to tauri 3.0.0-alpha

Move the app onto the tauri v3 alpha line (tauri 3.0.0-alpha.4 with
the matching plugin alphas):

- the runtime is injected explicitly (tauri-runtime-wry +
  .runtime(Wry::default())) and tauri::Wry generics give way to the
  DynRuntime defaults (menu/tray types spell it out); the devtools
  feature moved onto the runtime crate; run_on_main_thread arrives
  via tauri::Manager; TrayIcon access uses with_inner_blocking.
- tauri-specta rides the tauri team's tauri-v3 port until it
  publishes, and that port pins the unpublished specta rc.26 line, so
  both resolve through [patch.crates-io] git entries - drop them once
  specta rc.26 and tauri-specta ship on crates.io. dev's specta IPC
  bindings, the frontend-contract export and its CI/pre-push parity
  checks keep working on top; bindings.ts regenerates with rc.26's
  named inline types (IVergeTestItem gains a _Serialize write shape,
  test-viewer normalizes new items to it).
- the tray-icon patch stays dropped (upstream 0.25.1 ships the macOS
  27 click-reentrancy fix); dev's muda patch is kept since tauri
  alpha.4 still rides muda 0.20.
- tauri-plugin-mihomo points at the plugin's migration branch
  (clash-verge-rev/tauri-plugin-mihomo#13) until it merges.
- the perf-harness feature and its main.rs wiring stay parked until
  tauri-plugin-wdio-webdriver publishes a tauri 3 release (1.5.0
  still requires tauri ^2.10); scripts/perf/app.rs stays for the
  restore.
- plugin-updater's JS API adapts to check() returning null instead of
  an Update with .available and the removed allowDowngrades option
  (the version comparison in checkUpdateSafe already guards
  downgrades); autostart renames ManagerExt::autolaunch to autostart.

Manifests and lockfiles on both sides: pnpm 12.11.2, @tauri-apps
api/cli alphas, minimumReleaseAgeExclude entries for the alpha.4 CLI
binaries.

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
 
   "features": {
     "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/node:2": {
-      "version": "24.22.1",
-      "pnpmVersion": "12.15.0"
+      "version": "24.21.0",
+      "pnpmVersion": "12.11.2"
     },
     "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/rust:1": {
-      "version": "1.99.1",
+      "version": "1.99.0",
       "profile": "default"
     },
     "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/git:1": {},

.github/ISSUE_GUIDELINES.md

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-# Issue Guidelines / Issue 提交指引
-
-Use these suggestions to make reports easier to assess. State what you observed
-and what you could not verify; unknown details are fine.
-
-以下建议有助于维护者评估问题。请说明实际观察到的现象和无法确认的部分；未知信息可以留空。
-
-- Search existing issues by symptom, conditions, and outcome. Add new evidence
-  to an existing report when it describes the same problem.
-  按现象、条件和结果搜索已有 Issue。若描述的是同一问题，请在原 Issue 中补充新证据。
-- Keep each issue to one distinct user problem or requested outcome. Split
-  unrelated findings instead of bundling an audit or checklist.
-  每个 Issue 聚焦一个独立的问题或需求结果；无关发现请拆开，不要把审计清单打包成一个 Issue。
-- For bugs, include the version, operating system, steps, and actual versus
-  expected behavior when known. A root-cause diagnosis is not required. Share
-  only relevant logs and redact tokens or personal information.
-  反馈 Bug 时，尽可能提供版本、操作系统、复现步骤及实际与预期行为。无需先判断根因；只提供相关日志，并遮盖令牌和个人信息。
-- For feature requests, describe the user task, current limitation, desired
-  outcome, and affected platforms. An implementation proposal is optional.
-  提交功能请求时，请描述用户要完成的任务、当前限制、期望结果和适用平台；实现方案不是必填项。
-- Separate observations from guesses. An AI or scanner finding is a hypothesis
-  until its affected configuration, concrete impact, and supporting evidence
-  are stated; do not present a list of theoretical risks as confirmed bugs.
-  区分观察结果和推测。AI 或扫描器的发现应先视为假设；请说明受影响的配置、具体影响和支持证据，不要把理论风险清单写成已确认的 Bug。
-- Do not post secrets, personal data, or sensitive exploit details in a public
-  issue. Ask maintainers how to share sensitive security information safely.
-  请勿在公开 Issue 中发布密钥、个人信息或敏感利用细节；如涉及安全敏感信息，请先询问维护者如何安全提供。
-- AI assistance is welcome; human contributors do not need to disclose it. If
-  an AI agent or automation creates or co-authors an issue, add a final body line
-  such as `Assisted by: GPT-5.6 High`. Omit effort when the runtime does not
-  report it. Disclosure is transparency only, not evidence for or against issue
-  quality.
-  欢迎使用 AI 辅助，人工提交者无需披露。如果 Issue 由 AI Agent 或自动化创建或共同撰写，请在正文末尾添加披露行，例如 `Assisted by: GPT-5.6 High`。运行环境未提供 effort 时可省略。披露仅用于提高透明度，不作为 Issue 质量的正面或负面证据。

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml

@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ body:
       value: |
         ## 在提交问题之前，请确认以下事项：
 
-        提交前可参考 [Issue 提交指引](https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-rev/blob/dev/.github/ISSUE_GUIDELINES.md)，说明可观察到的问题和证据；不确定的原因请标为猜测。
-
         1. 请 **确保** 您已经查阅了 [Clash Verge Rev 官方文档](https://clash-verge-rev.github.io/guide/term.html)  以及 [常见问题](https://clash-verge-rev.github.io/faq/windows.html)
         2. 请 **确保** [已有的问题](https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-rev/issues?q=is%3Aissue) 中没有人提交过相似 issue，否则请在已有的 issue 下进行讨论
         3. 请 **务必** 给 issue 填写一个简洁明了的标题，以便他人快速检索
@@ -21,8 +19,6 @@ body:
 
         ## Before submitting the issue, please make sure of the following checklist:
 
-        See the [Issue guidelines](https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-rev/blob/dev/.github/ISSUE_GUIDELINES.md) for how to describe observed behavior and evidence; mark uncertain causes as hypotheses.
-
         1. Please make sure you have read the [Clash Verge Rev official documentation](https://clash-verge-rev.github.io/guide/term.html) and [FAQ](https://clash-verge-rev.github.io/faq/windows.html)
         2. Please make sure there is no similar issue in the [existing issues](https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-rev/issues?q=is%3Aissue), otherwise please discuss under the existing issue
         3. Please be sure to fill in a concise and clear title for the issue so that others can quickly search

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml

@@ -9,16 +9,12 @@ body:
     attributes:
       value: |
         ## 在提交问题之前，请确认以下事项：
-        可参考 [Issue 提交指引](https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-rev/blob/dev/.github/ISSUE_GUIDELINES.md)，描述用户任务、当前限制和期望结果。
-
         1. 请 **确保** 您已经查阅了 [Clash Verge Rev 官方文档](https://clash-verge-rev.github.io/guide/term.html) 确认软件不存在类似的功能
         2. 请 **确保** [已有的问题](https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-rev/issues?q=is%3Aissue) 中没有人提交过相似 issue，否则请在已有的 issue 下进行讨论
         3. 请 **务必** 给issue填写一个简洁明了的标题，以便他人快速检索
         4. 请 **务必** 先下载 [AutoBuild](https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-rev/releases/tag/autobuild) 版本测试，确保该功能还未实现
         5. 请 **务必** 按照模板规范详细描述问题，否则 issue 将会被关闭
         ## Before submitting the issue, please make sure of the following checklist:
-        See the [Issue guidelines](https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-rev/blob/dev/.github/ISSUE_GUIDELINES.md) for describing the user task, current limitation, and desired outcome.
-
         1. Please make sure you have read the [Clash Verge Rev official documentation](https://clash-verge-rev.github.io/guide/term.html) to confirm that the software does not have similar functions
         2. Please make sure there is no similar issue in the [existing issues](https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-rev/issues?q=is%3Aissue), otherwise please discuss under the existing issue
         3. Please be sure to fill in a concise and clear title for the issue so that others can quickly search

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 ## Problem
 
-What breaks or what is missing. Product bug fixes and features require a
-pre-existing issue; link it here (`Fixes #123` only when this PR fully resolves
-it). Maintenance work (such as chore, perf, docs, refactor, test, CI/build,
-dependency, style, routine localization, or release changes) does not require
-an issue link; link one when it defines the scope. For reverts, link the PR or
-commit being reverted. For security-sensitive fixes that cannot be tracked
-publicly, follow maintainer-approved private tracking.
+What breaks or what is missing. Link the issue if one exists (`Fixes #123`).
 
 ## Approach
 

.github/workflows/autobuild.yml

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Rust Stable
         uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
         with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
           targets: ${{ matrix.target }}
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
           cache: 'pnpm'
 
       - name: Pnpm Cache
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
         run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
           rustup target list --installed
           echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."
 
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Rust Stable
         uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
         with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
           targets: ${{ matrix.target }}
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
           cache: 'pnpm'
 
       - name: Pnpm Cache
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
         run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
           rustup target list --installed
           echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."
 
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
           cache: 'pnpm'
 
       - name: Pnpm Cache
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
         run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
           rustup target list --installed
           echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."
 
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6.1.0
         name: Install pnpm

.github/workflows/cross_check.yaml

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
         name: Install pnpm

.github/workflows/dev.yml

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install Rust Stable
         if: github.event.inputs[matrix.input] == 'true'
-        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.99.1
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.99.0
 
       - name: Rust Cache
         uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ jobs:
         if: github.event.inputs[matrix.input] == 'true'
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
           cache: 'pnpm'
 
       - name: Pnpm Cache
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ jobs:
         if: github.event.inputs[matrix.input] == 'true'
         run: |
           # Ensure cross target is installed for the pinned toolchain; fallback without explicit toolchain if needed
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
           rustup target list --installed
           echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."
 

.github/workflows/frontend-check.yml

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
           cache: 'pnpm'
 
       - name: Restore pnpm cache
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
           cache: 'pnpm'
 
       - run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Rust Stable
         uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
         with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
           targets: ${{ matrix.target }}
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
         name: Install pnpm
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
         run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
           rustup target list --installed
           echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."
 
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Rust Stable
         uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
         with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
           targets: ${{ matrix.target }}
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - name: Install pnpm
         uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
         run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
           rustup target list --installed
           echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."
 
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Rust Stable
         uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
         with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
           targets: ${{ matrix.target }}
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
         name: Install pnpm
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add Rust Target
         run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
           rustup target list --installed
           echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."
 
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
         name: Install pnpm
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
         name: Install pnpm
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
         name: Install pnpm

.github/workflows/signpath-test.yml

@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Rust
         uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
         with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
           targets: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
 
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - name: Install pnpm
         uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6

.github/workflows/telegram-notify.yml

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
         name: Install pnpm

.github/workflows/updater.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
         name: Install pnpm
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install Node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v7
         with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
 
       - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
         name: Install pnpm

.tool-versions

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-nodejs 24.22.1
-pnpm 12.15.0
-rust 1.99.1
+nodejs 24.21.0
+pnpm 12.11.2
+rust 1.99.0

AGENTS.md

@@ -18,25 +18,22 @@ These rules apply to every change, whether human- or agent-authored. They match
 the ownership evidence the AI-slop review evaluates (see
 [`pr-ai-slop-review.md`](.github/workflows/pr-ai-slop-review.md)).
 
-1. **Issue first.** Product bug fixes and features require a pre-existing issue;
-   self-scoped maintenance work does not. Follow the PR template for linkage and
-   revert references. If a required issue is missing, ask maintainers to open or
-   approve one before implementing. For security-sensitive fixes that cannot be
-   tracked publicly, follow maintainer-approved private tracking.
+1. **Issue first.** Non-trivial changes require a pre-existing issue describing
+   the problem. If none exists, ask the maintainers to open or approve one
+   before implementing.
 2. **Scope discipline.** Every changed file must be justifiable from the linked
-   issue or the stated PR scope. No drive-by refactors, renames, formatting
-   churn, or dependency bumps unrelated to the work.
+   issue. No drive-by refactors, renames, formatting churn, or dependency bumps
+   unrelated to the problem being fixed.
 3. **Author accountability.** AI assistance is welcome, but the contributor owns
    the result: understand the change, describe the problem and approach in your
    own words, and verify the change against the reported behavior before
    submitting.
 4. **Tests are justified, not default.** Do not add tests, test scaffolding, or
-   speculative defensive code unless the linked issue or stated task demands
-   them. When a test is genuinely necessary — it reproduces the reported
-   regression or guards behavior whose breakage would otherwise go unnoticed —
-   keep it minimal and state in the PR body why it is needed. Bulk test files
-   and defensive programming for hypothetical failure modes are PR bloat, not
-   rigor.
+   speculative defensive code unless the linked issue demands them. When a test
+   is genuinely necessary — it reproduces the reported regression or guards
+   behavior whose breakage would otherwise go unnoticed — keep it minimal and
+   state in the PR body why it is needed. Bulk test files and defensive
+   programming for hypothetical failure modes are PR bloat, not rigor.
 5. **Comments state constraints, not narration.** Write a comment only for a
    non-obvious constraint the code cannot express; never restate what the code
    does.
@@ -47,12 +44,13 @@ the ownership evidence the AI-slop review evaluates (see
    real evidence instead: reproduction steps, failure output, targeted tests.
 8. **Minimal diffs.** Match the surrounding code's style, naming, and comment
    density. Do not introduce new dependencies or restructure working code unless
-   the linked issue or stated task demands it.
-9. **Disclose AI automation.** When an agent creates or co-creates a PR or Issue,
-   append a final body line with the model and effort used (e.g.
-   `Assisted by: GPT-5.6 High`). Effort may be omitted when the runtime does not
-   report it. Human contributors are not asked to disclose AI assistance.
-   Disclosure is transparency only and carries no positive or negative weight.
+   the issue demands it.
+9. **Disclose AI automation.** When an agent produces or co-produces a change,
+   append a footer line to the PR body with the model and effort used (e.g.
+   `Assisted by: GPT-5.6 High`). The PR template intentionally omits this line —
+   the agent adds it itself, humans are not asked to declare anything. Effort may
+   be omitted when the runtime does not report it. Disclosure is transparency
+   only; it does not substitute for any rule above.
 10. **Compiled workflows.** The AI-slop review policy in
     [pr-ai-slop-review.md](.github/workflows/pr-ai-slop-review.md) is compiled:
     after editing it, run `gh aw compile` and commit the regenerated
@@ -61,10 +59,8 @@ the ownership evidence the AI-slop review evaluates (see
     [`template/Changelog.md`](template/Changelog.md): one line per
     user-visible change, no internals.
 
-## Issue and PR Workflows
+## Pull Request Shape
 
-When drafting, triaging, splitting, or implementing from a community issue, use
-the conditional checklist in [`.github/ISSUE_GUIDELINES.md`](.github/ISSUE_GUIDELINES.md).
-Do not make GitHub issue changes without explicit authorization. For PRs, follow
-the directly loaded [PR template](.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md); do not
-duplicate its prompts here.
+Describe three things, briefly: the problem (with issue link), why this approach
+solves it, and what changed. See
+[`PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md`](.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md).

Cargo.toml

@@ -49,7 +49,15 @@ split-debuginfo = "unpacked"
 [patch.crates-io]
 # Backport Windows menu command ID recycling on the muda 0.20 compatibility branch.
 muda = { git = "https://github.com/wonfen/muda.git", rev = "547de49352791653fbdfa785f20f3c7ece8468e2" }
-
+# tauri-specta has no tauri 3 release yet; ride the tauri team's port and the
+# unpublished specta rc.26 line it pins. Drop all six entries once both ship
+# on crates.io.
+tauri-specta = { git = "https://github.com/tauri-apps/tauri-specta", branch = "tauri-v3" }
+specta = { git = "https://github.com/specta-rs/specta.git", rev = "2757fa8899926dce7da999780c7edf2dc08a732a" }
+specta-macros = { git = "https://github.com/specta-rs/specta.git", rev = "2757fa8899926dce7da999780c7edf2dc08a732a" }
+specta-serde = { git = "https://github.com/specta-rs/specta.git", rev = "2757fa8899926dce7da999780c7edf2dc08a732a" }
+specta-typescript = { git = "https://github.com/specta-rs/specta.git", rev = "2757fa8899926dce7da999780c7edf2dc08a732a" }
+specta-util = { git = "https://github.com/specta-rs/specta.git", rev = "2757fa8899926dce7da999780c7edf2dc08a732a" }
 [workspace.dependencies]
 clash-verge-draft = { path = "crates/clash-verge-draft" }
 clash-verge-media-unlock = { path = "crates/clash-verge-media-unlock" }
@@ -61,13 +69,14 @@ tracing-estuary = { git = "https://github.com/Tunglies/tracing-estuary.git", bra
 tauri-plugin-clash-verge-sysinfo = { path = "crates/tauri-plugin-clash-verge-sysinfo" }
 tracing = "0.1.44"
 
-tauri = { version = "2.12.4" }
-tauri-plugin-clipboard-manager = "2.5.0"
+tauri = { version = "3.0.0-alpha.4" }
+tauri-runtime-wry = "3.0.0-alpha.4"
+tauri-plugin-clipboard-manager = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
 parking_lot = { version = "0.12.5", features = ["hardware-lock-elision"] }
 anyhow = "1.0.104"
 chrono = "0.4.45"
 criterion = { version = "0.8.2", features = ["async_tokio"] }
-tokio = { version = "1.53.3", features = [
+tokio = { version = "1.53.2", features = [
   "rt-multi-thread",
   "macros",
   "time",
@@ -85,9 +94,10 @@ reqwest = { version = "0.13.5", features = [
 ] }
 rust_iso3166 = "0.2.0"
 
+smartstring = { version = "1.0.1" }
+
 serde = { version = "1.0.229" }
-tristr = { path = "../tristr", default-features = false, features = ["serde", "specta"] }
-serde_json = { version = "1.0.154" }
+serde_json = { version = "1.0.151" }
 serde_yaml_ng = { version = "0.10.0" }
 bitflags = { version = "2.13.2" }
 socket2 = "0.6.5"

Changelog.md

@@ -3,28 +3,19 @@
 <details>
 <summary><strong> 🐞 修复问题 </strong></summary>
 
-- 修复托盘测速与代理页行为不一致的问题，移除托盘「测试延迟」入口
-- 修复通过 URL 导入订阅时，即使导入的订阅并非当前使用的订阅，也会重新加载当前配置
-- 修复 首页 网站测速失败后卡片一直显示测试中
-- 修复 代理 页展开分组后不显示最新测速结果，需切换节点才刷新
-
-**🐧 Linux**
-
-- Linux：修复 deb/rpm 安装包错误包含多余的 `frontend-contract` 可执行文件，导致下游重新打包失败的问题
+- 修复通过 URL 导入订阅时，即使导入的订阅并非当前使用的订阅，也会重新加载当前配置的问题
 
 </details>
 
 <details>
 <summary><strong> ✨ 新增功能 </strong></summary>
 
-- 新增虚拟网卡设置的「DNS 模式」选项，支持配置 mihomo 系统 DNS 行为
 
 </details>
 
 <details>
 <summary><strong> 🚀 优化改进 </strong></summary>
 
-- 优化「链式代理」：开启前需确认网速影响提示，空面板新增「关闭」按钮
 
 **🖥️ Windows**
 

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/ar.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: عام
   profiles: الملفات التعريفية
   proxies: وكلاء
+  testLatency: اختبار التأخير
+  testingLatency: جارٍ اختبار التأخير…
   systemProxy: وكيل النظام
   tunMode: وضع TUN
   closeAllConnections: إغلاق كل الاتصالات

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/de.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: Global
   profiles: Profile
   proxies: Proxy
+  testLatency: Latenz testen
+  testingLatency: Latenz wird getestet…
   systemProxy: Systemproxy
   tunMode: TUN-Modus
   closeAllConnections: Alle Verbindungen schließen

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/en.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: Global
   profiles: Profiles
   proxies: Proxies
+  testLatency: Test Latency
+  testingLatency: Testing latency…
   systemProxy: System Proxy
   tunMode: TUN Mode
   closeAllConnections: Close All Connections

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/es.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: Global
   profiles: Perfiles
   proxies: Proxies
+  testLatency: Probar latencia
+  testingLatency: Probando latencia…
   systemProxy: Proxy del sistema
   tunMode: Modo TUN
   closeAllConnections: Cerrar todas las conexiones

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/fa.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: سراسری
   profiles: پروفایل‌ها
   proxies: پروکسی‌ها
+  testLatency: آزمایش تأخیر
+  testingLatency: در حال آزمایش تأخیر…
   systemProxy: پروکسی سیستم
   tunMode: حالت TUN
   closeAllConnections: بستن همه اتصال‌ها

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/id.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: Global
   profiles: Profil
   proxies: Proksi
+  testLatency: Uji Latensi
+  testingLatency: Menguji latensi…
   systemProxy: Proksi Sistem
   tunMode: Mode TUN
   closeAllConnections: Tutup Semua Koneksi

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/jp.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: グローバル
   profiles: プロファイル
   proxies: プロキシ
+  testLatency: 遅延テスト
+  testingLatency: 遅延をテスト中…
   systemProxy: システムプロキシ
   tunMode: TUN モード
   closeAllConnections: すべての接続を閉じる

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/ko.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: 글로벌
   profiles: 프로필
   proxies: 프록시
+  testLatency: 지연 테스트
+  testingLatency: 지연 테스트 중…
   systemProxy: 시스템 프록시
   tunMode: TUN 모드
   closeAllConnections: 모든 연결 닫기

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/pt.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: Global
   profiles: Perfis
   proxies: Proxies
+  testLatency: Test Latency
+  testingLatency: Testing latency…
   systemProxy: Proxy do sistema
   tunMode: Modo TUN
   closeAllConnections: Fechar todas as conexões

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/ru.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: Глобальный
   profiles: Профили
   proxies: Прокси
+  testLatency: Проверить задержку
+  testingLatency: Проверка задержки…
   systemProxy: Системный прокси
   tunMode: Режим TUN
   closeAllConnections: Закрыть все соединения

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/tr.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: Küresel
   profiles: Profiller
   proxies: Vekil'ler
+  testLatency: Gecikmeyi Test Et
+  testingLatency: Gecikme test ediliyor…
   systemProxy: Sistem Vekil'i
   tunMode: TUN Modu
   closeAllConnections: Tüm Bağlantıları Kapat

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/tt.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: Глобаль
   profiles: Профильләр
   proxies: Проксилар
+  testLatency: Кичектерүне тикшерү
+  testingLatency: Кичектерү тикшерелә…
   systemProxy: Системалы прокси
   tunMode: TUN режимы
   closeAllConnections: Барлык тоташуларны ябу

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/zh.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: 全局
   profiles: 订阅
   proxies: 代理
+  testLatency: 测试延迟
+  testingLatency: 正在测试延迟…
   systemProxy: 系统代理
   tunMode: TUN 模式
   closeAllConnections: 关闭所有连接

crates/clash-verge-i18n/locales/zhtw.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
   global: 全域
   profiles: 訂閱
   proxies: 代理
+  testLatency: 測試延遲
+  testingLatency: 正在測試延遲…
   systemProxy: 系統代理
   tunMode: 虛擬網路介面卡模式
   closeAllConnections: 關閉所有連線

crates/clash-verge-media-unlock/Cargo.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
-specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.25", features = ["derive", "function"] }
+specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.26", features = ["derive", "function"] }
 clash-verge-logging = { workspace = true }
 chrono = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true }

crates/clash-verge-signal/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,3 @@
-//! Linux-only termination signal bridge.
-//!
-//! Upstream Tauri delivers session-end and termination events to the app on
-//! Windows and macOS, but has no equivalent on Linux: a desktop session may
-//! end without any window or run event reaching the process. Linux builds
-//! keep this crate to listen for SIGTERM, SIGINT and SIGHUP and forward them
-//! to the app quit flow, so system proxy and TUN cleanup still runs before
-//! the process dies. Non-Linux builds compile this crate to nothing and must
-//! not depend on it.
-
-#![cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-
 use std::sync::{
     OnceLock,
     atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
@@ -17,13 +5,20 @@ use std::sync::{
 
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 
+#[cfg(unix)]
 mod unix;
+#[cfg(windows)]
+mod windows;
 
 pub(crate) static RUNTIME: OnceLock<Option<tokio::runtime::Runtime>> = OnceLock::new();
 pub(crate) static SHUTDOWN_LATCH: ShutdownLatch = ShutdownLatch::new();
 
-/// Serializes signal-triggered cleanups: a signal arriving while a quit
-/// attempt is still in flight is dropped instead of overlapping it.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub enum ShutdownOutcome {
+    Committed,
+    Canceled,
+}
+
 pub(crate) struct ShutdownLatch {
     is_cleaning_up: AtomicBool,
 }
@@ -41,18 +36,17 @@ impl ShutdownLatch {
             .is_ok()
     }
 
-    fn finish(&self) {
-        self.is_cleaning_up.store(false, Ordering::Release);
+    fn finish(&self, outcome: ShutdownOutcome) {
+        if matches!(outcome, ShutdownOutcome::Canceled) {
+            self.is_cleaning_up.store(false, Ordering::Release);
+        }
     }
 }
 
-/// Spawns the Linux signal loop on a dedicated runtime so it survives the
-/// teardown of any app-owned runtime. The handler runs once per accepted
-/// signal; the quit flow it invokes owns the exit-or-cancel decision.
 pub fn register<F, Fut>(f: F)
 where
     F: Fn() -> Fut + Send + Sync + 'static,
-    Fut: Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static,
+    Fut: Future<Output = ShutdownOutcome> + Send + 'static,
 {
     RUNTIME.get_or_init(|| match tokio::runtime::Runtime::new() {
         Ok(rt) => Some(rt),
@@ -67,22 +61,36 @@ where
         }
     });
 
+    #[cfg(unix)]
     unix::register(f);
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    windows::register(f);
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use super::ShutdownLatch;
+    use super::{ShutdownLatch, ShutdownOutcome};
 
     #[test]
-    fn finished_attempt_releases_latch_for_the_next_signal() {
+    fn canceled_shutdown_releases_latch_and_permits_next_attempt() {
         let latch = ShutdownLatch::new();
 
         assert!(latch.try_begin());
         assert!(!latch.try_begin());
 
-        latch.finish();
+        latch.finish(ShutdownOutcome::Canceled);
 
         assert!(latch.try_begin());
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn committed_shutdown_retains_latch_and_suppresses_repeats() {
+        let latch = ShutdownLatch::new();
+
+        assert!(latch.try_begin());
+        latch.finish(ShutdownOutcome::Committed);
+
+        assert!(!latch.try_begin());
+    }
 }

crates/clash-verge-signal/src/unix.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use tokio::signal::unix::{SignalKind, signal};
 
-use crate::{RUNTIME, SHUTDOWN_LATCH};
+use crate::{RUNTIME, SHUTDOWN_LATCH, ShutdownOutcome};
 
 pub fn register<F, Fut>(f: F)
 where
     F: Fn() -> Fut + Send + Sync + 'static,
-    Fut: Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static,
+    Fut: Future<Output = ShutdownOutcome> + Send + 'static,
 {
     if let Some(Some(rt)) = RUNTIME.get() {
         rt.spawn(async move {
@@ -60,8 +60,7 @@ where
                 }
                 logging!(info, Type::SystemSignal, "Caught signal {}", signal_name);
 
-                f().await;
-                SHUTDOWN_LATCH.finish();
+                SHUTDOWN_LATCH.finish(f().await);
             }
         });
     } else {

crates/clash-verge-signal/src/windows.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
+use tokio::signal::windows;
+
+use crate::{RUNTIME, SHUTDOWN_LATCH, ShutdownOutcome};
+
+pub fn register<F, Fut>(f: F)
+where
+    F: Fn() -> Fut + Send + Sync + 'static,
+    Fut: Future<Output = ShutdownOutcome> + Send + 'static,
+{
+    if let Some(Some(rt)) = RUNTIME.get() {
+        rt.spawn(async move {
+            let mut ctrl_c = match windows::ctrl_c() {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    logging!(error, Type::SystemSignal, "Failed to register Ctrl+C: {}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            let mut ctrl_close = match windows::ctrl_close() {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    logging!(error, Type::SystemSignal, "Failed to register Ctrl+Close: {}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            let mut ctrl_shutdown = match windows::ctrl_shutdown() {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    logging!(error, Type::SystemSignal, "Failed to register Ctrl+Shutdown: {}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            let mut ctrl_logoff = match windows::ctrl_logoff() {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    logging!(error, Type::SystemSignal, "Failed to register Ctrl+Logoff: {}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            loop {
+                let signal_name;
+                tokio::select! {
+                    _ = ctrl_c.recv() => {
+                        signal_name = "Ctrl+C";
+                    }
+                    _ = ctrl_close.recv() => {
+                        signal_name = "Ctrl+Close";
+                    }
+                    _ = ctrl_shutdown.recv() => {
+                        signal_name = "Ctrl+Shutdown";
+                    }
+                    _ = ctrl_logoff.recv() => {
+                        signal_name = "Ctrl+Logoff";
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if !SHUTDOWN_LATCH.try_begin() {
+                    logging!(
+                        info,
+                        Type::SystemSignal,
+                        "Already shutting down, ignoring repeated signal: {}",
+                        signal_name
+                    );
+                    continue;
+                }
+                logging!(info, Type::SystemSignal, "Caught Windows signal: {}", signal_name);
+
+                SHUTDOWN_LATCH.finish(f().await);
+            }
+        });
+    } else {
+        logging!(
+            error,
+            Type::SystemSignal,
+            "register shutdown signal failed, RUNTIME is not available"
+        );
+    }
+}

crates/tauri-plugin-clash-verge-sysinfo/Cargo.toml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ edition = "2024"
 rust-version = "1.91"
 
 [dependencies]
-specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.25", features = ["derive", "function"] }
+specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.26", features = ["derive", "function"] }
 tauri = { workspace = true }
 tauri-plugin-clipboard-manager = { workspace = true }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true }
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 sysinfo = { version = "0.39.6", features = ["network", "system"] }
 
 [target.'cfg(not(windows))'.dependencies]
-libc = "0.2.191"
+libc = "0.2.190"
 
 [target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
 deelevate = { workspace = true }

package.json

@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@
     "@mui/icons-material": "^9.4.0",
     "@mui/material": "^9.4.0",
     "@tanstack/react-virtual": "^3.14.13",
-    "@tauri-apps/api": "2.12.4",
-    "@tauri-apps/plugin-clipboard-manager": "2.5.0",
-    "@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog": "2.8.3",
-    "@tauri-apps/plugin-fs": "2.7.1",
-    "@tauri-apps/plugin-http": "2.8.3",
-    "@tauri-apps/plugin-opener": "2.7.2",
-    "@tauri-apps/plugin-updater": "2.14.0",
+    "@tauri-apps/api": "3.0.0-alpha.2",
+    "@tauri-apps/plugin-clipboard-manager": "^3.0.0-alpha.2",
+    "@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog": "^3.0.0-alpha.3",
+    "@tauri-apps/plugin-fs": "^3.0.0-alpha.2",
+    "@tauri-apps/plugin-http": "~3.0.0-alpha.2",
+    "@tauri-apps/plugin-opener": "3.0.0-alpha.2",
+    "@tauri-apps/plugin-updater": "3.0.0-alpha.2",
     "ahooks": "^3.10.0",
     "cidr-block": "^2.3.0",
     "compare-versions": "^6.1.1",
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@
     "monaco-yaml": "^5.5.1",
     "nanoid": "^6.0.1",
     "qrcode.react": "^4.2.0",
-    "react": "19.3.1",
-    "react-dom": "19.3.1",
+    "react": "19.3.0",
+    "react-dom": "19.3.0",
     "react-error-boundary": "6.1.6",
     "react-hook-form": "^7.88.0",
-    "react-i18next": "17.1.8",
+    "react-i18next": "17.0.15",
     "react-markdown": "10.1.0",
     "react-router": "^8.4.0",
     "rehype-raw": "^7.0.0",
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
     "@biomejs/biome": "^2.5.14",
     "@eslint-react/eslint-plugin": "^5.20.5",
     "@eslint/js": "^10.0.1",
-    "@tauri-apps/cli": "2.12.3",
+    "@tauri-apps/cli": "3.0.0-alpha.4",
     "@types/lodash-es": "^4.17.12",
     "@types/node": "^24.13.6",
     "@types/react": "19.3.0",
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
     "@types/validator": "^13.15.10",
     "@vitejs/plugin-legacy": "^8.2.3",
     "@vitejs/plugin-react": "^6.1.1",
-    "@wdio/tauri-service": "1.5.0",
+    "@wdio/tauri-service": "1.4.0",
     "adm-zip": "^0.6.1",
     "axios": "^1.20.0",
     "cli-color": "^2.0.4",
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
     "https-proxy-agent": "^9.1.0",
     "husky": "^9.1.7",
     "jiti": "^2.7.0",
-    "knip": "6.43.0",
+    "knip": "6.39.0",
     "lint-staged": "^17.5.1",
     "sass": "^1.104.1",
     "tar": "^7.5.22",
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
     "vite": "^8.3.0",
     "vite-plugin-svgr": "^5.2.0",
     "vitest": "^5.0.1",
-    "webdriverio": "10.1.0",
+    "webdriverio": "10.0.0",
     "ws": "8.22.0"
   },
   "lint-staged": {
@@ -146,5 +146,5 @@
     ]
   },
   "type": "module",
-  "packageManager": "pnpm@12.15.0"
+  "packageManager": "pnpm@12.11.2"
 }

pnpm-workspace.yaml

@@ -10,3 +10,15 @@ allowBuilds:
   unrs-resolver: true
 minimumReleaseAgeExclude:
   - dayjs@1.11.21
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-arm64@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-x64@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm-gnueabihf@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-gnu@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-musl@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-riscv64-gnu@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-gnu@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-musl@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-arm64-msvc@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-ia32-msvc@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-x64-msvc@3.0.0-alpha.4'
+  - '@tauri-apps/cli@3.0.0-alpha.4'

renovate.json

@@ -45,17 +45,6 @@
       "matchManagers": ["npm"],
       "groupName": "npm dependencies"
     },
-    {
-      "description": "Update Tauri npm packages and Cargo crates together so frontend and backend stay in sync",
-      "matchPackageNames": [
-        "@tauri-apps/**",
-        "@wdio/tauri-service",
-        "tauri",
-        "tauri-*"
-      ],
-      "groupName": "tauri",
-      "addLabels": ["tauri"]
-    },
     {
       "description": "Group all GitHub Actions updates into a single PR",
       "matchManagers": ["github-actions"],

rust-toolchain.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 [toolchain]
-channel = "1.99.1"
+channel = "1.99.0"
 components = ["rustfmt", "clippy"]

scripts/gen-contract.mjs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ try {
       'run',
       '-p',
       'clash-verge',
-      '--example',
+      '--bin',
       'frontend-contract',
       '--locked',
       '-q',

scripts/perf/run.mjs

@@ -434,13 +434,12 @@ for (let iteration = 0; iteration < repeat && !interrupted; iteration++) {
       devicePixelRatio,
     ])
     run.viewport = { dom: viewport, driver: await browser.getWindowRect() }
-    const driverScale = run.viewport.driver.width / 1000
     assert(
-      viewport[0] === 1000 &&
+      run.viewport.driver.width / viewport[2] === 1000 &&
+        run.viewport.driver.height / viewport[2] === 700 &&
+        viewport[0] === 1000 &&
         viewport[1] > 0 &&
-        viewport[1] <= 700 &&
-        (driverScale === 1 || driverScale === viewport[2]) &&
-        run.viewport.driver.height / driverScale === 700,
+        viewport[1] <= 700,
       `unexpected window dimensions: ${JSON.stringify(run.viewport)}`,
     )
     assert(

src-tauri/Cargo.toml

@@ -23,38 +23,41 @@ tauri-dev = ["dep:tauri-plugin-devtools"]
 tokio-trace = ["clash-verge-logging/tokio-trace"]
 chrome-trace = ["clash-verge-logging/chrome-trace"]
 clippy = ["tauri/test"]
-perf-harness = ["dep:tauri-plugin-wdio-webdriver"]
+# The perf-harness feature and its main.rs wiring are parked until
+# tauri-plugin-wdio-webdriver publishes a tauri 3 release; restore both
+# from git history together with the crate dependency.
 
 [package.metadata.bundle]
 identifier = "io.github.clash-verge-rev.clash-verge-rev"
 
 [build-dependencies]
-tauri-build = { version = "2.7.3", features = [] }
+tauri-build = { version = "3.0.0-alpha.3", features = [] }
 
 [dependencies]
 clash-verge-draft = { workspace = true }
 clash-verge-media-unlock = { workspace = true }
 clash-verge-logging = { workspace = true }
+clash-verge-signal = { workspace = true }
 clash-verge-i18n = { workspace = true }
 clash-verge-limiter = { workspace = true }
 tauri-plugin-clash-verge-sysinfo = { workspace = true }
 tauri-plugin-clipboard-manager = { workspace = true }
 tauri = { workspace = true, features = [
   "protocol-asset",
-  "devtools",
   "tracing",
   "tray-icon",
   "image-ico",
   "image-png",
 ] }
+tauri-runtime-wry = { workspace = true, features = ["devtools"] }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true }
 anyhow = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
-tristr = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 serde_yaml_ng = { workspace = true }
+smartstring = { workspace = true, features = ["serde"] }
 bitflags = { workspace = true }
 socket2 = { workspace = true }
 warp = { version = "0.4.3", features = ["server"] }
@@ -72,55 +75,50 @@ sysproxy = { git = "https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/sysproxy-rs.git", branch
   "guard",
 ] }
 network-interface = { version = "2.0.5", features = ["serde"] }
-tauri-plugin-shell = "2.5.0"
-tauri-plugin-opener = "2.7.2"
-tauri-plugin-dialog = "2.8.3"
-tauri-plugin-fs = "2.7.1"
-tauri-plugin-process = "2.4.0"
-tauri-plugin-deep-link = "2.6.2"
-tauri-plugin-window-state = "2.5.0"
-zip = "9.0.4"
+tauri-plugin-shell = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
+tauri-plugin-opener = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
+tauri-plugin-dialog = "3.0.0-alpha.3"
+tauri-plugin-fs = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
+tauri-plugin-process = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
+tauri-plugin-deep-link = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
+tauri-plugin-window-state = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
+zip = "9.0.1"
 flate2 = "1.1.10"
 reqwest_dav = "0.3.3"
 aes-gcm = { version = "0.11.1" }
 base64 = "0.23.1"
 minisign-verify = "0.3.0"
-sha2 = "0.11.1"
+sha2 = "0.11"
 getrandom = "0.4.3"
 futures = "0.3.34"
 gethostname = "1.1.0"
 scopeguard = "1.2.0"
-tauri-plugin-notification = "2.7.0"
+tauri-plugin-notification = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
 tokio-stream = "0.1.19"
 backon = { version = "1.6.0", features = ["tokio-sleep"] }
-tauri-plugin-http = "2.8.3"
+tauri-plugin-http = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
 tracing = { workspace = true }
-tauri-plugin-devtools = { version = "2.2.2", optional = true }
-tauri-plugin-mihomo = { git = "https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/tauri-plugin-mihomo", rev = "7a03d16f4d39b1bb885b7babe66b9e153e34b615" }
+tauri-plugin-devtools = { version = "3.0.0-alpha.0", optional = true }
+tauri-plugin-mihomo = { git = "https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/tauri-plugin-mihomo", branch = "feat/tauri-v3" }
 async-trait = "0.1.92"
 clash_verge_service_ipc = { git = "https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-service-ipc.git", tag = "v2.7.6", version = "2.7.6", features = [
   "client",
 ] }
 arc-swap = "1.9.2"
 tokio-rustls = "0.26.6"
-rustls = { version = "0.23.46", features = ["ring"] }
+rustls = { version = "0.23.45", features = ["ring"] }
 webpki-roots = "1.0.9"
 dark-light = "3.0.0"
 bytes = "1.12.1"
-tokio-util = { version = "0.7.20", features = ["time"] }
-specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.25", features = ["derive", "function", "serde_json"] }
+tokio-util = { version = "0.7.19", features = ["time"] }
+specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.26", features = ["derive", "function", "serde_json"] }
 tauri-specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.25", features = ["derive", "typescript"] }
-specta-typescript = "=0.0.12"
+specta-typescript = "=0.0.13"
 
 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
-libc = "0.2.191"
-
-[target.'cfg(target_os = "linux")'.dependencies]
-# Upstream has no session-end signal support on Linux; see crates/clash-verge-signal.
-clash-verge-signal = { workspace = true }
+libc = "0.2.190"
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "macos")'.dependencies]
-tauri-plugin-wdio-webdriver = { version = "=1.5.0", optional = true }
 objc2 = "0.6.5"
 objc2-foundation = { version = "0.3.2", features = [
   "NSString",
@@ -152,9 +150,9 @@ windows = { version = "0.62.2", features = ["Win32_Globalization"] }
 windows-sys.workspace = true
 
 [target.'cfg(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "ios")))'.dependencies]
-tauri-plugin-autostart = "2.7.0"
-tauri-plugin-global-shortcut = "2.4.1"
-tauri-plugin-updater = "2.14.0"
+tauri-plugin-autostart = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
+tauri-plugin-global-shortcut = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
+tauri-plugin-updater = "3.0.0-alpha.2"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 criterion = { workspace = true }

src-tauri/build.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
     if std::env::var("CARGO_CFG_TARGET_OS").as_deref() == Ok("windows")
         && std::env::var("CARGO_CFG_TARGET_ENV").as_deref() == Ok("msvc")
+        && std::env::var_os("CARGO_FEATURE_CLIPPY").is_some()
     {
-        // Tauri's resource is linked to the app binary, but not to Rust unit-test harnesses or examples.
-        // Give non-app targets their own manifest so tests and examples can resolve TaskDialogIndirect.
+        // Tauri's resource is linked to the app binary, but not to Rust unit-test harnesses.
+        // Give mock-context builds their own manifest so tests can resolve TaskDialogIndirect.
         let out_dir = std::env::var_os("OUT_DIR").ok_or_else(|| std::io::Error::other("OUT_DIR is not set"))?;
         let manifest_path = std::path::PathBuf::from(out_dir).join("windows-test-manifest.xml");
         std::fs::write(
@@ -24,14 +25,8 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
 </assembly>
 "#,
         )?;
-        let manifest_display = manifest_path.display();
-        if std::env::var_os("CARGO_FEATURE_CLIPPY").is_some() {
-            println!("cargo:rustc-link-arg=/MANIFEST:EMBED");
-            println!("cargo:rustc-link-arg=/MANIFESTINPUT:{manifest_display}");
-        } else {
-            println!("cargo:rustc-link-arg-examples=/MANIFEST:EMBED");
-            println!("cargo:rustc-link-arg-examples=/MANIFESTINPUT:{manifest_display}");
-        }
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-arg=/MANIFEST:EMBED");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-arg=/MANIFESTINPUT:{}", manifest_path.display());
     }
 
     #[cfg(feature = "clippy")]

src-tauri/capabilities/migrated.json

@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@
     "dialog:allow-open",
     "global-shortcut:allow-is-registered",
     "global-shortcut:allow-register",
-    "global-shortcut:allow-register-all",
     "global-shortcut:allow-unregister",
     "global-shortcut:allow-unregister-all",
     "process:allow-exit",

src-tauri/src/bin/frontend-contract.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// Dev-only target: Tauri ships everything under src/bin/ to /usr/bin in deb/rpm
-// bundles (PR #8131), so this generator must stay an example, never a bin.
 fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
     let mut args = std::env::args_os().skip(1);
     let output = args

src-tauri/src/cmd/app.rs

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ use crate::{
     feat,
     utils::dirs,
 };
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tauri::{AppHandle, Manager as _, ipc::Channel};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ pub async fn restart_app() -> CmdResult<()> {
 #[specta::specta]
 pub async fn install_update(
     app_handle: AppHandle,
-    version: String,
+    version: std::string::String,
     on_event: Channel<DownloadEvent>,
 ) -> CmdResult<bool> {
-    let version: String = version;
+    let version: String = version.into();
     SilentUpdater::global()
         .install_update(&app_handle, &version, |event| {
             let _ = on_event.send(event);
@@ -79,22 +79,25 @@ pub fn cancel_update_download() {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub fn get_app_dir() -> CmdResult<String> {
+pub fn get_app_dir() -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
     let app_home_dir = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?.to_string_lossy().into();
     Ok(app_home_dir)
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn download_icon_cache(url: String, name: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
-    let url: String = url;
-    let name: String = name;
-    feat::download_icon_cache(url, name).await
+pub async fn download_icon_cache(
+    url: std::string::String,
+    name: std::string::String,
+) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+    let url: String = url.into();
+    let name: String = name.into();
+    feat::download_icon_cache(url, name).await.map(Into::into)
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn copy_icon_file(path: String, icon_info: feat::IconInfo) -> CmdResult<String> {
-    let path: String = path;
-    feat::copy_icon_file(path, icon_info).await
+pub async fn copy_icon_file(path: std::string::String, icon_info: feat::IconInfo) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+    let path: String = path.into();
+    feat::copy_icon_file(path, icon_info).await.map(Into::into)
 }

src-tauri/src/cmd/backup.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use super::CmdResult;
 use crate::{cmd::StringifyErr as _, feat};
 use feat::LocalBackupFile;
-use tristr::alias::String;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@ pub async fn list_local_backup() -> CmdResult<Vec<LocalBackupFile>> {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn delete_local_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename;
+pub async fn delete_local_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename.into();
     feat::delete_local_backup(filename).await.stringify_err()
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn restore_local_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename;
+pub async fn restore_local_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename.into();
     feat::restore_local_backup(filename)
         .await
         .map_err(|error| super::proxy_aware_error(&error))
@@ -33,15 +33,15 @@ pub async fn restore_local_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn import_local_backup(source: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
-    let source: String = source;
-    feat::import_local_backup(source).await.stringify_err()
+pub async fn import_local_backup(source: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+    let source: String = source.into();
+    feat::import_local_backup(source).await.map(Into::into).stringify_err()
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn export_local_backup(filename: String, destination: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename;
-    let destination: String = destination;
+pub async fn export_local_backup(filename: std::string::String, destination: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename.into();
+    let destination: String = destination.into();
     feat::export_local_backup(filename, destination).await.stringify_err()
 }

src-tauri/src/cmd/clash.rs

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ use crate::{
     },
 };
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tokio::fs;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ pub async fn patch_clash_config(payload: crate::ipc::YamlMapping) -> CmdResult {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn patch_clash_mode(payload: String) -> CmdResult {
-    let payload: String = payload;
+pub async fn patch_clash_mode(payload: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
+    let payload: String = payload.into();
     feat::change_clash_mode(payload)
         .await
         .with_error_code("CLASH_MODE_UPDATE_FAILED")
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@ pub async fn patch_clash_mode(payload: String) -> CmdResult {
 /// Reads the saved mode without depending on strict mihomo `/configs` deserialization.
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_clash_mode() -> CmdResult<Option<String>> {
+pub async fn get_clash_mode() -> CmdResult<Option<std::string::String>> {
     Ok(Config::clash().await.data_arc().get_mode())
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn change_clash_core(clash_core: String) -> CmdResult<Option<CommandFailure>> {
-    let clash_core: String = clash_core;
+pub async fn change_clash_core(clash_core: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<Option<CommandFailure>> {
+    let clash_core: String = clash_core.into();
     logging!(info, Type::Config, "changing core to {clash_core}");
 
     match CoreManager::global().change_core(&clash_core).await {
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ pub async fn upgrade_clash_core(force: bool) -> CmdResult<feat::CoreUpgradeRepor
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn test_delay(url: String) -> CmdResult<u32> {
-    let url: String = url;
+pub async fn test_delay(url: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<u32> {
+    let url: String = url.into();
     let result = match feat::test_delay(url).await {
         Ok(delay) => delay,
         Err(e) => {
@@ -148,12 +148,12 @@ pub fn take_dns_override_notice() -> bool {
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
 pub async fn set_dns_override(
-    profile_uid: String,
+    profile_uid: std::string::String,
     enabled: bool,
-    confirmation: Option<String>,
+    confirmation: Option<std::string::String>,
 ) -> CmdResult<feat::DnsOverrideOutcome> {
-    let profile_uid: String = profile_uid;
-    let confirmation = confirmation;
+    let profile_uid: String = profile_uid.into();
+    let confirmation = confirmation.map(String::from);
     feat::set_dns_override(profile_uid, enabled, confirmation)
         .await
         .map_err(|error| proxy_aware_coded_error(&error, "DNS_OVERRIDE_UPDATE_FAILED"))
@@ -212,14 +212,14 @@ pub async fn apply_dns_config(apply: bool) -> CmdResult {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_dns_config_content() -> CmdResult<Option<String>> {
+pub async fn get_dns_config_content() -> CmdResult<Option<std::string::String>> {
     use crate::utils::dirs;
     use tokio::fs;
 
     let dns_path = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?.join(constants::files::DNS_CONFIG);
 
     match fs::read_to_string(&dns_path).await {
-        Ok(content) => Ok(Some(content.into())),
+        Ok(content) => Ok(Some(content)),
         Err(error) if error.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(None),
         Err(error) => Err(CommandFailure::plain(error)),
     }
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ pub async fn validate_dns_config() -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_clash_logs() -> CmdResult<Vec<String>> {
+pub async fn get_clash_logs() -> CmdResult<Vec<std::string::String>> {
     let logs = CoreManager::global().get_clash_logs().await.unwrap_or_default();
-    Ok(logs.into_iter().collect())
+    Ok(logs)
 }

src-tauri/src/cmd/media_unlock_checker/mod.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ pub use clash_verge_media_unlock::UnlockItem;
 use reqwest::{Client, Proxy};
 use std::time::Duration;
 use tauri::{command, ipc::Channel};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ async fn create_client() -> Result<Client, String> {
         .cookie_store(true)
         .proxy(proxy)
         .build()
-        .map_err(|error| format!("创建HTTP客户端失败: {error}").into())
+        .map_err(|error| format!("创建HTTP客户端失败: {error}"))
 }
 
 #[command]
@@ -41,7 +40,5 @@ pub async fn check_media_unlock(on_complete: Channel<UnlockItem>) -> Result<Vec<
 #[specta::specta]
 pub async fn check_media_unlock_item(name: String) -> Result<UnlockItem, String> {
     let client = create_client().await?;
-    clash_verge_media_unlock::check_media_unlock_item(&client, &name)
-        .await
-        .map_err(Into::into)
+    clash_verge_media_unlock::check_media_unlock_item(&client, &name).await
 }

src-tauri/src/cmd/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
-use tristr::alias::String;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 
 pub type CmdResult<T = ()> = Result<T, CommandFailure>;
 
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ pub type CmdResult<T = ()> = Result<T, CommandFailure>;
 pub struct CommandFailure {
     /// Stable frontend identifier, when classified.
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub code: Option<String>,
+    pub code: Option<std::string::String>,
     /// Human-readable diagnostic detail.
-    pub detail: String,
+    pub detail: std::string::String,
     /// Requested operation when known by the command.
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub operation: Option<crate::core::notification::FailedOperation>,
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ impl CommandFailure {
     /// A failure with a stable code.
     pub fn coded(code: &str, detail: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Self {
         Self {
-            code: Some(code.into()),
-            detail: detail.to_string().into(),
+            code: Some(code.to_owned()),
+            detail: detail.to_string(),
             operation: None,
         }
     }
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ impl CommandFailure {
     pub fn plain(detail: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Self {
         Self {
             code: None,
-            detail: detail.to_string().into(),
+            detail: detail.to_string(),
             operation: None,
         }
     }
@@ -50,6 +50,16 @@ impl From<&str> for CommandFailure {
     }
 }
 
+impl From<std::string::String> for CommandFailure {
+    fn from(detail: std::string::String) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            code: None,
+            detail,
+            operation: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl From<String> for CommandFailure {
     fn from(detail: String) -> Self {
         Self::plain(detail)

src-tauri/src/cmd/network.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ use crate::core::{proxy_control, sysopt::Sysopt};
 use gethostname::gethostname;
 use sysproxy::{Autoproxy, Sysproxy};
 use tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -25,8 +24,8 @@ pub async fn get_sys_proxy() -> CmdResult<SystemProxy> {
 
     Ok(SystemProxy {
         enable,
-        server: format!("{host}:{port}").into(),
-        bypass: bypass.into(),
+        server: format!("{host}:{port}"),
+        bypass,
     })
 }
 
@@ -40,10 +39,7 @@ pub async fn get_auto_proxy() -> CmdResult<AutoProxy> {
     };
     let Autoproxy { enable, url } = auto_proxy;
 
-    Ok(AutoProxy {
-        enable,
-        url: url.into(),
-    })
+    Ok(AutoProxy { enable, url })
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
@@ -56,10 +52,10 @@ pub fn get_embedded_server_port() -> CmdResult<u16> {
 #[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_system_hostname() -> String {
     match gethostname().into_string() {
-        Ok(name) => name.into(),
+        Ok(name) => name,
         Err(os_string) => {
             let fallback = format!("{os_string:?}");
-            fallback.trim_matches('"').into()
+            fallback.trim_matches('"').to_string()
         }
     }
 }
@@ -68,9 +64,6 @@ pub fn get_system_hostname() -> String {
 #[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_network_interfaces() -> Vec<String> {
     tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::list_network_interfaces()
-        .into_iter()
-        .map(Into::into)
-        .collect()
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
@@ -84,7 +77,7 @@ pub fn get_network_interfaces_info() -> CmdResult<Vec<crate::ipc::NetworkInterfa
     let mut result = Vec::new();
 
     for interface in interfaces {
-        if names.iter().any(|name| name == &interface.name) {
+        if names.contains(&interface.name) {
             result.push(interface.into());
         }
     }

src-tauri/src/cmd/profile.rs

@@ -19,17 +19,17 @@ use crate::{
 use clash_verge_draft::{Draft, SharedDraft};
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
 use scopeguard::defer;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 static CURRENT_SWITCHING_PROFILE: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
 
-fn profile_import_error(err: &anyhow::Error) -> String {
+fn profile_import_error(err: &anyhow::Error) -> std::string::String {
     if let Some(cause) = err.chain().find(|cause| cause.to_string().contains("TLS 1.0/1.1")) {
-        return cause.to_string().into();
+        return cause.to_string();
     }
 
-    format!("导入订阅失败: {err:#}").into()
+    format!("导入订阅失败: {err:#}")
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ pub async fn enhance_profiles() -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
 #[tauri::command]
 #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, level = "info", fields(url = %help::mask_url(&url), uid = tracing::field::Empty))]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn import_profile(url: String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn import_profile(url: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
     let item = &mut match PrfItem::from_url(&url, None, None, option.as_ref()).await {
         Ok(it) => it,
         Err(e) => {
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ pub async fn import_profile(url: String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn reorder_profile(active_id: String, over_id: String) -> CmdResult {
-    let active_id: String = active_id;
-    let over_id: String = over_id;
+pub async fn reorder_profile(active_id: std::string::String, over_id: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
+    let active_id: String = active_id.into();
+    let over_id: String = over_id.into();
     match profiles_reorder_safe(&active_id, &over_id).await {
         Ok(_) => {
             logging!(info, Type::Cmd, "重新排序配置文件: {} -> {}", active_id, over_id);
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ pub async fn reorder_profile(active_id: String, over_id: String) -> CmdResult {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn create_profile(item: ProfileCreate, file_data: Option<String>) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn create_profile(item: ProfileCreate, file_data: Option<std::string::String>) -> CmdResult {
     let item: PrfItem = item.into();
-    let file_data = file_data;
+    let file_data = file_data.map(String::from);
     match profiles_append_item_with_filedata_safe(&item, file_data).await {
         Ok(_) => {
             profiles_save_file_safe()
@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ pub async fn create_profile(item: ProfileCreate, file_data: Option<String>) -> C
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn update_profile(index: String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
-    let index: String = index;
+pub async fn update_profile(index: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
+    let index: String = index.into();
     match feat::update_profile(&index, option.as_ref(), true).await {
         Ok(_) => Ok(()),
         Err(e) => {
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ pub async fn update_profile(index: String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResu
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn delete_profile(index: String) -> CmdResult {
-    let index: String = index;
+pub async fn delete_profile(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
+    let index: String = index.into();
     let profile_write_guard = PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK.lock().await;
 
     let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
@@ -282,9 +282,7 @@ async fn handle_validation_failure(
 ) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
     logging!(warn, Type::Cmd, "配置验证失败: {}", outcome);
     discard_and_restore(current_profile).await?;
-    if !matches!(outcome, ValidationOutcome::Busy) {
-        handle_validation_notice(&outcome, ValidationNoticeTarget::Runtime, "运行时配置");
-    }
+    handle_validation_notice(&outcome, ValidationNoticeTarget::Runtime, "运行时配置");
     Ok(outcome)
 }
 
@@ -313,6 +311,9 @@ async fn perform_config_update(
     current_value: Option<&String>,
     current_profile: Option<&String>,
 ) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
+    defer! {
+        CURRENT_SWITCHING_PROFILE.store(false, Ordering::Release);
+    }
     let update_result = run_profile_config_update_transition(|| CoreManager::global().update_config_forced()).await;
 
     match update_result {
@@ -325,6 +326,7 @@ async fn perform_config_update(
 #[derive(Default, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct ProfileSelection {
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub current: Option<String>,
 }
 
@@ -332,9 +334,13 @@ pub struct ProfileSelection {
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct ProfileCreate {
     #[serde(rename = "type")]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub itype: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub name: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub desc: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub url: Option<String>,
     pub option: Option<PrfOption>,
 }
@@ -356,12 +362,19 @@ impl From<ProfileCreate> for PrfItem {
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct ProfilePatch {
     #[serde(rename = "type")]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub itype: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub name: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub desc: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub file: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub url: Option<String>,
     pub selected: Option<Vec<crate::config::PrfSelected>>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::collections::BTreeMap<std::string::String, std::string::String>>)]
+    pub latency_test_urls: Option<std::collections::BTreeMap<String, String>>,
     pub extra: Option<crate::config::PrfExtra>,
     pub updated: Option<usize>,
     pub option: Option<PrfOption>,
@@ -376,6 +389,7 @@ impl From<ProfilePatch> for PrfItem {
             file: patch.file,
             url: patch.url,
             selected: patch.selected,
+            latency_test_urls: patch.latency_test_urls,
             extra: patch.extra,
             updated: patch.updated,
             option: patch.option,
@@ -395,9 +409,6 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: ProfileSelection) -> CmdResult<Vali
         logging!(info, Type::Cmd, "当前正在切换配置，放弃请求");
         return Ok(ValidationOutcome::Busy);
     }
-    defer! {
-        CURRENT_SWITCHING_PROFILE.store(false, Ordering::Release);
-    }
     let _profile_write_guard = PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK.lock().await;
 
     let profiles = IProfiles {
@@ -426,9 +437,9 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config_by_profile_index(profile_index: String) -> Cm
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn patch_profile(index: String, profile: ProfilePatch) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn patch_profile(index: std::string::String, profile: ProfilePatch) -> CmdResult {
     let profile: PrfItem = profile.into();
-    let index: String = index;
+    let index: String = index.into();
     let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
     let should_refresh_timer = if let Ok(old_profile) = profiles.latest_arc().get_item(&index)
         && let Some(new_option) = profile.option.as_ref()
@@ -469,7 +480,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profile(index: String, profile: ProfilePatch) -> CmdResult {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn view_profile(index: String) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn view_profile(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
     let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
     let profiles_ref = profiles.latest_arc();
     let file = profiles_ref
@@ -494,7 +505,7 @@ pub async fn view_profile(index: String) -> CmdResult {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn read_profile_file(index: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
+pub async fn read_profile_file(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
     let item = {
         let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
         let profiles_ref = profiles.latest_arc();
@@ -514,7 +525,7 @@ pub async fn read_profile_file(index: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
             .join(file.as_str());
         match tokio::fs::try_exists(&path).await {
             Ok(true) => {}
-            Ok(false) => return Ok(String::new()),
+            Ok(false) => return Ok(std::string::String::new()),
             Err(err) => {
                 return Err(coded_error(
                     "PROFILE_READ_FAILED",
@@ -525,12 +536,12 @@ pub async fn read_profile_file(index: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
     }
 
     let data = item.read_file().await.with_error_code("PROFILE_READ_FAILED")?;
-    Ok(data)
+    Ok(data.into())
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_next_update_time(uid: String) -> CmdResult<Option<i64>> {
+pub async fn get_next_update_time(uid: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<Option<i64>> {
     let timer = Timer::global();
     let next_time = timer.get_next_update_time(&uid).await;
     Ok(next_time)

src-tauri/src/cmd/proxy.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ use std::{
     collections::{BTreeMap, HashSet},
     sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 /// Merges one selection pair into fresh backend state to avoid stale-list overwrites.
 #[tauri::command]
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ fn runtime_group_order(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> Vec<String> {
         .filter_map(|name| name.as_str())
         .filter(|name| !name.is_empty() && *name != "GLOBAL")
         .filter(|name| seen.insert(*name))
-        .map(String::from)
+        .map(str::to_owned)
         .collect()
 }
 
@@ -64,7 +63,7 @@ fn runtime_group_scopes(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> BTreeMap<String, GroupScope
         .into_iter()
         .flat_map(|providers| providers.keys())
         .filter_map(|name| name.as_str())
-        .map(String::from)
+        .map(str::to_owned)
         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
     all_providers.sort();
     let flag = |group: &Mapping, key: &str| group.get(key).and_then(|value| value.as_bool()) == Some(true);
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ fn runtime_group_scopes(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> BTreeMap<String, GroupScope
         .flatten()
         .filter_map(|group| group.as_mapping())
         .filter_map(|group| {
-            let name: String = group.get("name")?.as_str()?.into();
+            let name = group.get("name")?.as_str()?.to_owned();
             let providers = if flag(group, "include-all") || flag(group, "include-all-providers") {
                 all_providers.clone()
             } else {
@@ -86,14 +85,14 @@ fn runtime_group_scopes(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> BTreeMap<String, GroupScope
                     .into_iter()
                     .flatten()
                     .filter_map(|provider| provider.as_str())
-                    .map(String::from)
+                    .map(str::to_owned)
                     .collect()
             };
             let exclude_types = group
                 .get("exclude-type")
                 .and_then(|types| types.as_str())
                 .filter(|types| !types.is_empty())
-                .map(|types| types.split('|').map(String::from).collect())
+                .map(|types| types.split('|').map(str::to_owned).collect())
                 .unwrap_or_default();
             Some((
                 name,
@@ -109,20 +108,32 @@ fn runtime_group_scopes(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> BTreeMap<String, GroupScope
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
 pub async fn get_proxy_view() -> CmdResult<ProxyViewV1> {
+    proxy_view(None).await
+}
+
+pub(crate) async fn proxy_view(provider_timeout: Option<std::time::Duration>) -> CmdResult<ProxyViewV1> {
     let runtime = Config::runtime().await;
     let latest_runtime = runtime.latest_arc();
     let runtime_group_order = runtime_group_order(latest_runtime.config.as_ref());
     let group_scopes = runtime_group_scopes(latest_runtime.config.as_ref());
 
     let mihomo = Handle::mihomo();
-    let (proxies, providers) = tokio::join!(mihomo.get_proxies(), mihomo.get_proxy_providers(),);
+    let (proxies, providers) = tokio::join!(mihomo.get_proxies(), async {
+        match provider_timeout {
+            Some(timeout) => tokio::time::timeout(timeout, mihomo.get_proxy_providers())
+                .await
+                .ok()
+                .and_then(Result::ok),
+            None => mihomo.get_proxy_providers().await.ok(),
+        }
+    });
     let proxies = proxies.stringify_err()?;
 
     Ok(ProxyViewBuilder::build(ProxyViewInput {
         runtime_group_order,
         group_scopes,
         proxies,
-        providers: providers.ok(),
+        providers,
     }))
 }
 

src-tauri/src/cmd/runtime.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use super::CmdResult;
 use crate::{cmd::StringifyErr as _, config::Config, core::CoreManager, utils::yaml_emitter};
 use anyhow::{Context as _, anyhow};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ pub async fn get_runtime_config() -> CmdResult<Option<crate::ipc::YamlMapping>>
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_runtime_yaml() -> CmdResult<String> {
+pub async fn get_runtime_yaml() -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
     let runtime = Config::runtime().await;
     let runtime = runtime.latest_arc();
 
@@ -36,17 +36,22 @@ pub async fn get_runtime_logs() -> CmdResult<RuntimeLogs> {
 
 #[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(transparent)]
-pub struct RuntimeLogs(HashMap<String, Vec<(String, String)>>);
+pub struct RuntimeLogs(
+    #[specta(type = HashMap<std::string::String, Vec<(std::string::String, std::string::String)>>)]
+    HashMap<String, Vec<(String, String)>>,
+);
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub fn take_discarded_keys_notice() -> Option<String> {
-    crate::enhance::take_discarded_keys_notice()
+pub fn take_discarded_keys_notice() -> Option<std::string::String> {
+    crate::enhance::take_discarded_keys_notice().map(Into::into)
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_runtime_proxy_chain_config(proxy_chain_exit_node: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
+pub async fn get_runtime_proxy_chain_config(
+    proxy_chain_exit_node: std::string::String,
+) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
     let runtime = Config::runtime().await;
     let runtime = runtime.latest_arc();
 

src-tauri/src/cmd/save_profile.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use super::{CmdResult, CommandFailure};
+use super::CmdResult;
 use crate::{
     cmd::StringifyErr as _,
     cmd::validate::{ValidationNoticeTarget, handle_validation_notice},
@@ -11,15 +11,18 @@ use crate::{
     utils::dirs,
 };
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tokio::fs;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 /// 保存profiles的配置
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn save_profile_file(index: String, file_data: Option<String>) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
-    let index: String = index;
-    let file_data = file_data;
+pub async fn save_profile_file(
+    index: std::string::String,
+    file_data: Option<std::string::String>,
+) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
+    let index: String = index.into();
+    let file_data = file_data.map(String::from);
     let file_data = match file_data {
         Some(d) => d,
         None => return Ok(ValidationOutcome::Valid),
@@ -150,7 +153,7 @@ async fn handle_saved_profile_file(
         Err(e) => {
             logging!(error, Type::Config, "[cmd配置save] 验证过程发生错误: {e:#}");
             restore_original(file_path, original_content, original_existed).await?;
-            return Err(CommandFailure::plain(e));
+            return Err(e.to_string().into());
         }
     }
 
@@ -178,7 +181,7 @@ async fn handle_saved_profile_file(
         Err(err) => {
             logging!(error, Type::Config, "[cmd配置save] 运行时配置应用错误: {err:#}");
             restore_original(file_path, original_content, original_existed).await?;
-            Err(CommandFailure::plain(err))
+            Err(err.to_string().into())
         }
     }
 }

src-tauri/src/cmd/service.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ use crate::{
         service::{SERVICE_MANAGER, ServiceStatus, request_runtime_provider_sync},
     },
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -75,7 +74,7 @@ where
     if reasons.is_empty() {
         return Err(proxy_aware_coded_error(&error, error_code));
     }
-    let reason: String = reasons.join("\n").into();
+    let reason = reasons.join("\n");
     fallback(reason.clone())
         .await
         .map_err(|error| proxy_aware_coded_error(&error, "SERVICE_SIDECAR_FAILED"))?;
@@ -180,7 +179,7 @@ mod tests {
             let error = match availability {
                 Some(availability) => anyhow::Error::new(InstallationVerificationError {
                     status: InstallationStatus {
-                        service_sha256: std::string::String::new(),
+                        service_sha256: String::new(),
                         protocol: ProtocolInfo::current(),
                         cores: vec![CoreInspection {
                             name: "verge-mihomo.exe".into(),
@@ -204,7 +203,7 @@ mod tests {
                 assert_eq!(
                     result,
                     Ok(ServiceInstallOutcome::Sidecar {
-                        reason: format!("verge-mihomo.exe: {reason}").into()
+                        reason: format!("verge-mihomo.exe: {reason}")
                     })
                 );
             } else {

src-tauri/src/cmd/system.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ use crate::core::{
     notification::{self, PendingFailure},
     runstate::{RUN_STATE, RunStateView},
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 /// Returns one coherent core/service snapshot instead of independently refreshed state.
 #[tauri::command]

src-tauri/src/cmd/webdav.rs

@@ -4,14 +4,18 @@ use crate::{
     config::{Config, IVerge},
     core, feat,
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn save_webdav_config(url: String, username: String, password: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let url: String = url;
-    let username: String = username;
-    let password: String = password;
+pub async fn save_webdav_config(
+    url: std::string::String,
+    username: std::string::String,
+    password: std::string::String,
+) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let url: String = url.into();
+    let username: String = username.into();
+    let password: String = password.into();
     let patch = IVerge {
         webdav_url: Some(url),
         webdav_username: Some(username),
@@ -44,15 +48,15 @@ pub async fn list_webdav_backup() -> CmdResult<Vec<crate::ipc::WebDavFile>> {
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn delete_webdav_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename;
+pub async fn delete_webdav_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename.into();
     feat::delete_webdav_backup(filename).await.stringify_err()
 }
 
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn restore_webdav_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename;
+pub async fn restore_webdav_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename.into();
     feat::restore_webdav_backup(filename)
         .await
         .map_err(|error| super::proxy_aware_error(&error))

src-tauri/src/config/clash.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ use std::{
     net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr},
     str::FromStr as _,
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct IClashTemp(pub Mapping);
@@ -85,12 +84,12 @@ impl IClashTemp {
         #[cfg(unix)]
         map.insert(
             "external-controller-unix".into(),
-            Self::guard_external_controller_ipc().as_str().into(),
+            Self::guard_external_controller_ipc().into(),
         );
         #[cfg(windows)]
         map.insert(
             "external-controller-pipe".into(),
-            Self::guard_external_controller_ipc().as_str().into(),
+            Self::guard_external_controller_ipc().into(),
         );
         map.insert("tun".into(), tun_config.into());
         cors_map.insert("allow-private-network".into(), true.into());
@@ -135,18 +134,12 @@ impl IClashTemp {
         config.insert("mixed-port".into(), mixed_port.into());
         config.insert("socks-port".into(), socks_port.into());
         config.insert("port".into(), port.into());
-        config.insert("external-controller".into(), ctrl.as_str().into());
+        config.insert("external-controller".into(), ctrl.into());
 
         #[cfg(unix)]
-        config.insert(
-            "external-controller-unix".into(),
-            external_controller_unix.as_str().into(),
-        );
+        config.insert("external-controller-unix".into(), external_controller_unix.into());
         #[cfg(windows)]
-        config.insert(
-            "external-controller-pipe".into(),
-            external_controller_pipe.as_str().into(),
-        );
+        config.insert("external-controller-pipe".into(), external_controller_pipe.into());
         config
     }
 
@@ -173,9 +166,9 @@ impl IClashTemp {
             port: Self::guard_port(config),
             server: Self::guard_client_ctrl(config),
             secret: config.get("secret").and_then(|value| match value {
-                Value::String(val_str) => Some(val_str.clone().into()),
-                Value::Bool(val_bool) => Some(val_bool.to_string().into()),
-                Value::Number(val_num) => Some(val_num.to_string().into()),
+                Value::String(val_str) => Some(val_str.clone()),
+                Value::Bool(val_bool) => Some(val_bool.to_string()),
+                Value::Number(val_num) => Some(val_num.to_string()),
                 _ => None,
             }),
         }
@@ -187,7 +180,7 @@ impl IClashTemp {
     /// 的严格 `BaseConfig` 反序列化，因此即使核心返回的字段与插件结构体不匹配也能取到。
     pub fn get_mode(&self) -> Option<String> {
         self.0.get("mode").and_then(|value| match value {
-            Value::String(val_str) => Some(val_str.clone().into()),
+            Value::String(val_str) => Some(val_str.clone()),
             _ => None,
         })
     }
@@ -283,7 +276,7 @@ impl IClashTemp {
                         false => Cow::Borrowed(val_str),
                     };
 
-                    SocketAddr::from_str(&val).ok().map(|s| s.to_string().into())
+                    SocketAddr::from_str(&val).ok().map(|s| s.to_string())
                 }
                 None => None,
             })
@@ -297,7 +290,7 @@ impl IClashTemp {
                 if socket.ip().is_unspecified() {
                     socket.set_ip(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1)));
                 }
-                socket.to_string().into()
+                socket.to_string()
             }
             Err(_) => "127.0.0.1:9097".into(),
         }

src-tauri/src/config/config.rs

@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ use backon::{ExponentialBuilder, Retryable as _};
 use clash_verge_draft::Draft;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{collections::HashSet, path::PathBuf};
 use tokio::sync::{Mutex, MutexGuard, OnceCell};
 use tokio::time::sleep;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 pub(crate) struct Config {
     clash_config: Draft<IClashTemp>,
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ impl Config {
         Self::write_runtime_file(&yaml).await
     }
 
-    pub(crate) async fn runtime_config_yaml() -> Result<String> {
+    pub(crate) async fn runtime_config_yaml() -> Result<std::string::String> {
         let runtime = Self::runtime().await;
         AsyncHandler::spawn_blocking(move || {
             let runtime_lastest = runtime.latest_arc();
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ impl Config {
                 .or_else(|| runtime_data.config.as_ref())
                 .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("failed to generate runtime config, might need to restart application"))?;
             let yaml_str = serde_yaml_ng::to_string(config)?;
-            Ok(format!("# Generated by Clash Verge\n\n{}", yaml_str).into())
+            Ok(format!("# Generated by Clash Verge\n\n{}", yaml_str))
         })
         .await
         .map_err(|join| anyhow!("runtime serialization task failed: {join}"))?

src-tauri/src/config/dns.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ use clash_verge_draft::DraftTransaction;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
 use sha2::{Digest as _, Sha256};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 use super::{Config, IVerge};
 use crate::core::handle::Handle;
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ impl DnsOverrideState {
 pub struct ProfileDnsSettings {
     pub enabled: bool,
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub confirmation: Option<String>,
 }
 

src-tauri/src/config/encrypt.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ use base64::{Engine as _, engine::general_purpose::STANDARD};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
 use std::cell::Cell;
 use std::future::Future;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 const NONCE_LENGTH: usize = 12;
 
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ pub fn encrypt_data(data: &str) -> Result<String, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
 
     let mut combined = nonce.to_vec();
     combined.extend(ciphertext);
-    Ok(STANDARD.encode(combined).into())
+    Ok(STANDARD.encode(combined))
 }
 
 pub fn decrypt_data(encrypted: &str) -> Result<String, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
@@ -47,10 +46,7 @@ pub fn decrypt_data(encrypted: &str) -> Result<String, Box<dyn std::error::Error
         .decrypt(nonce.into(), ciphertext)
         .map_err(|e| format!("Decryption failed: {e}"))?;
 
-    // from_utf8 exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
-    std::string::String::from_utf8(plaintext)
-        .map_err(|e| e.into())
-        .map(Into::into)
+    String::from_utf8(plaintext).map_err(|e| e.into())
 }
 
 pub fn serialize_encrypted<T, S>(value: &T, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>

src-tauri/src/config/port.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use serde_yaml_ng::Value;
 use std::{collections::HashSet, net::SocketAddr, str::FromStr as _};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
 struct MixedPortFallback {
@@ -142,8 +141,8 @@ impl Config {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn block_startup_core(error: &anyhow::Error) {
-        *STARTUP_CORE_BLOCK_REASON.lock() = Some(error.to_string().into());
-        report_fallback_error(error.to_string().into());
+        *STARTUP_CORE_BLOCK_REASON.lock() = Some(error.to_string());
+        report_fallback_error(error.to_string());
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn startup_core_block_reason() -> Option<String> {

src-tauri/src/config/prfitem.rs

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ use crate::{
 use anyhow::{Context as _, Result, bail};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::time::Duration;
 use tokio::fs;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 // TODO, use other re-export
 use reqwest_dav::re_exports::url::form_urlencoded;
 use tauri::Url;
@@ -30,23 +30,33 @@ pub(super) fn normalize_profile_home_url(raw: &str) -> Option<String> {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, Default, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct PrfItem {
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub uid: Option<String>,
 
     /// enum value: remote | local | script | merge
     #[serde(rename = "type")]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub itype: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub name: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub file: Option<String>,
 
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub desc: Option<String>,
 
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub url: Option<String>,
 
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub selected: Option<Vec<PrfSelected>>,
 
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::collections::BTreeMap<std::string::String, std::string::String>>)]
+    pub latency_test_urls: Option<std::collections::BTreeMap<String, String>>,
+
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub extra: Option<PrfExtra>,
 
@@ -56,16 +66,20 @@ pub struct PrfItem {
     pub option: Option<PrfOption>,
 
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub home: Option<String>,
 
     #[serde(skip)]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub file_data: Option<String>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct PrfSelected {
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub name: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub now: Option<String>,
 }
 
@@ -81,6 +95,7 @@ pub struct PrfExtra {
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct PrfOption {
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub user_agent: Option<String>,
 
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -103,10 +118,15 @@ pub struct PrfOption {
 
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub allow_auto_update: Option<bool>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub merge: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub script: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub rules: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub proxies: Option<String>,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub groups: Option<String>,
 }
 
@@ -171,7 +191,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
         file_data: Option<String>,
         option: Option<&PrfOption>,
     ) -> Result<Self> {
-        let uid = help::get_uid("L");
+        let uid = help::get_uid("L").into();
         let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into();
         let opt_ref = option.as_ref();
         let update_interval = opt_ref.and_then(|o| o.update_interval);
@@ -213,6 +233,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
             desc: Some(desc),
             file: Some(file),
             url: None,
+            latency_test_urls: None,
             selected: None,
             extra: None,
             option: Some(PrfOption {
@@ -344,11 +365,11 @@ impl PrfItem {
             .and_then(|value| value.to_str().ok())
             .and_then(normalize_profile_home_url);
 
-        let uid = help::get_uid("R");
+        let uid = help::get_uid("R").into();
         let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into();
         let name = name
             .map(|s| s.to_owned())
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| filename.unwrap_or_else(|| "Remote File".into()));
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| filename.map(|s| s.into()).unwrap_or_else(|| "Remote File".into()));
         let data = resp.text();
 
         let data = data.trim_start_matches('\u{feff}');
@@ -392,6 +413,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
             desc: desc.cloned(),
             file: Some(file),
             url: Some(url.as_str().into()),
+            latency_test_urls: None,
             selected: None,
             extra,
             option: Some(PrfOption {
@@ -414,7 +436,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
         let (id, template) = if let Some(uid) = uid {
             (uid, tmpl::ITEM_MERGE.into())
         } else {
-            (help::get_uid("m"), tmpl::ITEM_MERGE_EMPTY.into())
+            (help::get_uid("m").into(), tmpl::ITEM_MERGE_EMPTY.into())
         };
         let file = format!("{id}.yaml").into();
 
@@ -429,7 +451,11 @@ impl PrfItem {
     }
 
     pub(super) fn from_script(uid: Option<String>) -> Self {
-        let id = if let Some(uid) = uid { uid } else { help::get_uid("s") };
+        let id = if let Some(uid) = uid {
+            uid
+        } else {
+            help::get_uid("s").into()
+        };
         let file = format!("{id}.js").into(); // js ext
         Self {
             uid: Some(id),
@@ -442,7 +468,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
     }
 
     fn from_rules() -> Self {
-        let uid = help::get_uid("r");
+        let uid = help::get_uid("r").into();
         let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into(); // yaml ext
 
         Self {
@@ -456,7 +482,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
     }
 
     fn from_proxies() -> Self {
-        let uid = help::get_uid("p");
+        let uid = help::get_uid("p").into();
         let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into(); // yaml ext
 
         Self {
@@ -470,7 +496,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
     }
 
     fn from_groups() -> Self {
-        let uid = help::get_uid("g");
+        let uid = help::get_uid("g").into();
         let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into(); // yaml ext
 
         Self {

src-tauri/src/config/profiles.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
 use std::{
     collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
@@ -29,7 +30,6 @@ use std::{
 };
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::models::{Proxies, ProxyType};
 use tokio::{fs, task::JoinHandle};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 pub(crate) static PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK: tokio::sync::Mutex<()> = tokio::sync::Mutex::const_new(());
 
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ const SELECTED_NODES_FIRST_PASS_BUDGET: Duration = Duration::from_secs(3);
 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct IProfiles {
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub current: Option<String>,
 
     pub items: Option<Vec<PrfItem>>,
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ impl IProfiles {
                 let mut home_changed = false;
                 for item in items.iter_mut() {
                     if item.uid.is_none() {
-                        item.uid = Some(help::get_uid("d"));
+                        item.uid = Some(help::get_uid("d").into());
                     }
                     if item.itype.as_deref() == Some("remote") {
                         item.option
@@ -249,6 +250,7 @@ impl IProfiles {
                 patch!(each, item, file);
                 patch!(each, item, url);
                 patch!(each, item, selected);
+                patch!(each, item, latency_test_urls);
                 patch!(each, item, extra);
                 patch!(each, item, updated);
                 patch!(each, item, option);

src-tauri/src/config/runtime.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 use crate::enhance::field::use_keys;
 

src-tauri/src/config/verge.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use anyhow::Result;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use log::LevelFilter;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use tristr::alias::String;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 
 /// ### `verge.yaml` schema
 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]

src-tauri/src/constants.rs

@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ pub mod tun {
         "auto-redirect",
         "auto-detect-interface",
         "dns-hijack",
-        "dns-mode",
         "strict-route",
         "mtu",
     ];

src-tauri/src/core/auto_backup.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ use tokio::{
     fs,
     sync::{Mutex, watch},
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 const DEFAULT_INTERVAL_HOURS: u64 = 24;
 const MIN_INTERVAL_HOURS: u64 = 1;
@@ -212,7 +211,7 @@ impl AutoBackupManager {
             return Ok(());
         }
 
-        let file_name = create_local_backup_with_namer(|name| append_auto_suffix(name, trigger.slug())).await?;
+        let file_name = create_local_backup_with_namer(|name| append_auto_suffix(name, trigger.slug()).into()).await?;
         self.last_backup.store(Local::now().timestamp(), Ordering::Release);
 
         if let Err(err) = cleanup_auto_backups().await {
@@ -240,8 +239,8 @@ impl AutoBackupManager {
 
 fn append_auto_suffix(file_name: &str, slug: &str) -> String {
     match file_name.rsplit_once('.') {
-        Some((stem, ext)) => format!("{stem}{AUTO_MARKER}{slug}.{ext}").into(),
-        None => format!("{file_name}{AUTO_MARKER}{slug}").into(),
+        Some((stem, ext)) => format!("{stem}{AUTO_MARKER}{slug}.{ext}"),
+        None => format!("{file_name}{AUTO_MARKER}{slug}"),
     }
 }
 

src-tauri/src/core/autostart.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ pub async fn update_launch() -> Result<()> {
     #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
     {
         let app_handle = Handle::app_handle();
-        let autostart_manager = app_handle.autolaunch();
+        let autostart_manager = app_handle.autostart();
         if is_enable {
             logging_error!(Type::System, "{:?}", autostart_manager.enable());
         } else {

src-tauri/src/core/backup.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use arc_swap::{ArcSwap, ArcSwapOption};
 use backon::{ConstantBuilder, Retryable as _};
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use reqwest_dav::list_cmd::{ListEntity, ListFile, ListMultiStatus};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
     collections::HashMap,
     env::{consts::OS, temp_dir},
@@ -14,7 +15,6 @@ use std::{
     time::Duration,
 };
 use tokio::{fs, time::timeout};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 use zip::write::SimpleFileOptions;
 
 const APP_VERSION: &str = env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION");

src-tauri/src/core/hotkey.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use crate::{config::Config, core::handle, core::lightweight::entry_lightweight_m
 use anyhow::{Result, bail};
 use arc_swap::ArcSwap;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
     collections::HashMap,
     fmt,
@@ -17,7 +18,6 @@ use std::{
     },
 };
 use tauri_plugin_global_shortcut::{Code, GlobalShortcutExt as _, ShortcutState};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 /// Enum representing all available hotkey functions
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]

src-tauri/src/core/listener.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ use std::{
     net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, Ipv6Addr, SocketAddr},
     str::FromStr as _,
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 /// The config key of the Mixed Port, named once so callers stop spelling it out.
 pub(crate) const MIXED_PORT_KEY: &str = "mixed-port";
@@ -164,7 +163,7 @@ pub(crate) fn probe_listener(request: &ListenerProbe) -> ListenerProbeOutcome {
         Ok(address) => address,
         Err(error) => {
             return ListenerProbeOutcome::Invalid {
-                message: error.to_string().into(),
+                message: error.to_string(),
             };
         }
     };
@@ -202,7 +201,7 @@ pub(crate) fn probe_proxy_port_change(
             Ok(claims) => claims,
             Err(error) => {
                 return ListenerProbeOutcome::Invalid {
-                    message: format!("current proxy listener configuration is invalid: {error:#}").into(),
+                    message: format!("current proxy listener configuration is invalid: {error:#}"),
                 };
             }
         }
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ pub(crate) fn probe_proxy_port_change(
         Ok(claims) => claims,
         Err(error) => {
             return ListenerProbeOutcome::Invalid {
-                message: format!("candidate proxy listener configuration is invalid: {error:#}").into(),
+                message: format!("candidate proxy listener configuration is invalid: {error:#}"),
             };
         }
     };
@@ -402,8 +401,7 @@ fn probe_claims(claims: &[BindClaim]) -> ListenerProbeOutcome {
                         claim.socket_addr(),
                         transport_name(claim.transport),
                         error
-                    )
-                    .into(),
+                    ),
                 };
             }
             Err(error) => {
@@ -414,8 +412,7 @@ fn probe_claims(claims: &[BindClaim]) -> ListenerProbeOutcome {
                         claim.socket_addr(),
                         transport_name(claim.transport),
                         error
-                    )
-                    .into(),
+                    ),
                 };
             }
         }
@@ -742,7 +739,7 @@ mod tests {
         let port = listener.local_addr()?.port();
         assert_eq!(
             probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-                address: format!("0.0.0.0:{port}").into(),
+                address: format!("0.0.0.0:{port}"),
                 transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Tcp],
             }),
             ListenerProbeOutcome::Conflict {
@@ -758,7 +755,7 @@ mod tests {
         let listener = TcpListener::bind((Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST, 0))?;
         let port = listener.local_addr()?.port();
         let outcome = probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}").into(),
+            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}"),
             transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Tcp],
         });
         assert_eq!(
@@ -776,7 +773,7 @@ mod tests {
         let listener = TcpListener::bind((Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED, 0))?;
         let port = listener.local_addr()?.port();
         let outcome = probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}").into(),
+            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}"),
             transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Tcp],
         });
         assert_eq!(
@@ -812,7 +809,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         assert_eq!(
             probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-                address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}").into(),
+                address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}"),
                 transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Tcp],
             }),
             ListenerProbeOutcome::Available
@@ -825,7 +822,7 @@ mod tests {
         let socket = UdpSocket::bind((Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST, 0))?;
         let port = socket.local_addr()?.port();
         let outcome = probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}").into(),
+            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}"),
             transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Udp],
         });
         assert_eq!(

src-tauri/src/core/manager/config.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ use clash_verge_draft::DraftTransaction;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use clash_verge_service_ipc::StageRuntimeOutcome;
 use scopeguard::defer;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
     collections::HashSet,
     path::PathBuf,
@@ -22,7 +23,6 @@ use std::{
     time::{Duration, Instant},
 };
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::Error as MihomoError;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 /// A staging result separated from the policy that acts on it.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ async fn ask_to_stage(path: &std::path::Path) -> StageAttempt {
     match crate::core::service::stage_runtime_by_service(path).await {
         Ok(StageRequest::Answered(outcome)) => StageAttempt::Answered(outcome),
         Ok(StageRequest::Refused { code, message }) => {
-            let message = message;
+            let message = message.into();
             if StageRequest::is_about_the_bundle(code) {
                 StageAttempt::RefusedTheBundle(message)
             } else {

src-tauri/src/core/manager/lifecycle.rs

@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ use crate::core::service::{SERVICE_MANAGER, ServiceStatus};
 use anyhow::Result;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use scopeguard::defer;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::path::Path;
 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 use tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::is_current_app_handle_admin;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[cfg(any(target_os = "windows", test))]
 const fn should_wait_for_service(tun_enabled: bool, service_ready: bool, is_admin: bool) -> bool {
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ async fn run_service_start_with_sidecar_fallback<Start, StartFuture, Check, Chec
     start_service: Start,
     confirm_idle: Check,
     start_sidecar: Fallback,
-    record_unavailable: impl FnOnce(String),
+    record_unavailable: impl FnOnce(std::string::String),
 ) -> Result<()>
 where
     Start: FnOnce() -> StartFuture,
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ where
     // A lost start response can hide a running core; the shared check must resolve occupancy.
     if let Err(probe_error) = confirm_idle().await {
         let error = error.context(format!("Sidecar fallback was not safe: {probe_error:#}"));
-        record_unavailable(format!("{error:#}").into());
+        record_unavailable(format!("{error:#}"));
         return Err(error);
     }
     logging!(
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                         |error| self.start_sidecar_after_service_failure(error),
                         |reason| {
                             crate::core::runstate::RUN_STATE
-                                .observe(crate::core::runstate::ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason.into()));
+                                .observe(crate::core::runstate::ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason));
                         },
                     )
                     .await
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
         }
         let reason = match state.health {
             ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason) => reason,
-            ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch => "registered service is unavailable or incompatible".into(),
+            ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch => "registered service is unavailable or incompatible".to_owned(),
             _ => return Ok(()),
         };
         if let Err(error) = clash_verge_service_ipc::execution::check_sidecar_available()
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
         if Handle::global().is_exiting() {
             return Err(error.context("application exited before Sidecar fallback"));
         }
-        let reason: String = format!("{error:#}").into();
+        let reason = format!("{error:#}");
         RUN_STATE.allow_sidecar_after_service_refusal(reason.clone())?;
         logging!(warn, Type::Core, "Starting Sidecar with Service unavailable: {reason}");
         let result = self.start_core_by_sidecar().await;
@@ -1590,7 +1590,7 @@ mod tests {
                     started.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
                     Ok(())
                 },
-                |reason| store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason.into())),
+                |reason| store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason)),
             )
             .await;
 

src-tauri/src/core/manager/state.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
 use std::path::Path;
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::MihomoExt as _;
 use tauri_plugin_shell::ShellExt as _;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 pub(super) fn explain_core_occupancy(error: anyhow::Error) -> anyhow::Error {
     let detail = error.to_string();
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ pub(super) fn explain_core_occupancy(error: anyhow::Error) -> anyhow::Error {
 }
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
-fn sidecar_config_without_tun(yaml: &str) -> Result<String> {
+fn sidecar_config_without_tun(yaml: &str) -> Result<std::string::String> {
     use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
 
     let mut config: Mapping = serde_yaml_ng::from_str(yaml)?;
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ fn sidecar_config_without_tun(yaml: &str) -> Result<String> {
     tun.as_mapping_mut()
         .context("invalid Sidecar TUN configuration")?
         .insert(Value::from("enable"), Value::Bool(false));
-    Ok(serde_yaml_ng::to_string(&config)?.into())
+    Ok(serde_yaml_ng::to_string(&config)?)
 }
 
 const SIDECAR_READINESS_ATTEMPTS: usize = 30;
@@ -154,7 +153,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
     pub async fn get_clash_logs(&self) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
         match *self.get_running_mode() {
             RunningMode::Service => service::get_clash_logs_by_service().await,
-            RunningMode::Sidecar => Ok(CLASH_LOGGER.get_logs().into_iter().map(Into::into).collect()),
+            RunningMode::Sidecar => Ok(CLASH_LOGGER.get_logs()),
             RunningMode::NotRunning => Ok(Vec::new()),
         }
     }
@@ -258,9 +257,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                 match event {
                     tauri_plugin_shell::process::CommandEvent::Stdout(line)
                     | tauri_plugin_shell::process::CommandEvent::Stderr(line) => {
-                        // from_utf8_lossy_owned exists only on the std String type; the tristr
-                        // alias shadows the bare name. LogRing stores std Strings.
-                        let message = std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy_owned(line);
+                        let message = String::from_utf8_lossy_owned(line);
                         Logger::global().writer_sidecar_log(Level::Error, &message);
                         CLASH_LOGGER.append_log(message);
                     }
@@ -268,12 +265,12 @@ impl CoreManager {
                         let _ = terminated.send(());
                         let manager = Self::global();
                         let _ = manager.invalidate_core_readiness_if(core_readiness_generation);
-                        let message: String = if let Some(code) = term.code {
-                            format!("Process terminated with code: {}", code).into()
+                        let message = if let Some(code) = term.code {
+                            format!("Process terminated with code: {}", code)
                         } else if let Some(signal) = term.signal {
-                            format!("Process terminated by signal: {}", signal).into()
+                            format!("Process terminated by signal: {}", signal)
                         } else {
-                            "Process terminated".into()
+                            String::from("Process terminated")
                         };
                         Logger::global().writer_sidecar_log(Level::Info, &message);
                         CLASH_LOGGER.clear_logs();

src-tauri/src/core/notify/handle.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 use super::NoticeStatus;
 use crate::{APP_HANDLE, singleton};
-use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
+use std::sync::{
+    Arc,
+    atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+};
 use tauri::AppHandle;
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::{Mihomo, MihomoExt as _};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 use super::notification::{FrontendEvent, NotificationSystem};
 
@@ -70,7 +73,7 @@ impl Handle {
         Self::send_event(FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateCompleted { uid });
     }
 
-    pub fn notice(status: NoticeStatus, message: impl Into<String>) {
+    pub fn notice(status: NoticeStatus, message: impl Into<Arc<str>>) {
         Self::send_event(FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage {
             status,
             message: message.into(),

src-tauri/src/core/notify/notification.rs

@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 #[cfg(test)]
 use serde_json::json;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
+use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::sync::LazyLock;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, future::Future};
 use tauri::{AppHandle, Emitter as _, Manager as _, WebviewWindow};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum FrontendEvent<'a> {
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ pub enum FrontendEvent<'a> {
     RefreshProxyConfig,
     NoticeMessage {
         status: NoticeStatus,
-        message: String,
+        message: Arc<str>,
     },
     ProfileChanged {
         current_profile_id: &'a String,
@@ -76,8 +77,10 @@ impl FailedOperation {
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct PendingFailure {
     /// Stable code used as the table key.
+    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
     pub code: String,
     /// Full diagnostic context chain.
+    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
     pub detail: String,
     pub operation: FailedOperation,
     /// Monotonic identity for repeated failures under the same code.
@@ -244,6 +247,7 @@ static PENDING_FAILURES: LazyLock<FailureTable> = LazyLock::new(FailureTable::de
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
 pub struct SidecarFailureSnapshot {
     pub revision: u64,
+    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
     pub detail: Option<String>,
 }
 
@@ -387,7 +391,7 @@ fn sample_frontend_events(uid: &String) -> Vec<(FrontendEvent<'_>, &'static str,
         (
             FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage {
                 status: NoticeStatus::Info,
-                message: String::from("ok"),
+                message: Arc::from("ok"),
             },
             "verge://notice-message",
             json!(["info", "ok"]),
@@ -452,16 +456,16 @@ frontend_events! {
     refresh_verge: () = "verge://refresh-verge-config", FrontendEvent::RefreshVerge => ();
     refresh_profiles: () = "verge://refresh-profiles", FrontendEvent::RefreshProfiles => ();
     refresh_proxy: () = "verge://refresh-proxy-config", FrontendEvent::RefreshProxyConfig => ();
-    notice: (NoticeStatus, String) = "verge://notice-message", FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage { status, ref message } => (status, message.clone());
-    profile_changed: String = "profile-changed", FrontendEvent::ProfileChanged { current_profile_id } => current_profile_id.clone();
-    timer_updated: String = "verge://timer-updated", FrontendEvent::TimerUpdated { profile_index } => profile_index.clone();
-    profile_started: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-started", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateStarted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.clone() };
-    profile_completed: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-completed", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateCompleted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.clone() };
+    notice: (NoticeStatus, std::string::String) = "verge://notice-message", FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage { status, ref message } => (status, message.to_string());
+    profile_changed: std::string::String = "profile-changed", FrontendEvent::ProfileChanged { current_profile_id } => current_profile_id.to_string();
+    timer_updated: std::string::String = "verge://timer-updated", FrontendEvent::TimerUpdated { profile_index } => profile_index.to_string();
+    profile_started: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-started", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateStarted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.to_string() };
+    profile_completed: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-completed", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateCompleted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.to_string() };
     run_state: crate::core::runstate::RunStateView = "verge://run-state-changed", FrontendEvent::RunStateChanged { state } => state;
     pending_failures: () = "verge://pending-failures-changed", FrontendEvent::PendingFailuresChanged => ();
 }
 
 #[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
 pub struct ProfileUpdatePayload {
-    pub uid: String,
+    pub uid: std::string::String,
 }

src-tauri/src/core/owner_identity.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ use crate::utils::dirs;
 use anyhow::{Context as _, Result};
 use clash_verge_service_ipc::{OwnerCredentials, OwnerIdentity};
 use std::path::Path;
-#[cfg(windows)]
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 pub(crate) fn current_owner_credentials() -> Result<OwnerCredentials> {
     current_owner_credentials_for_root(&dirs::app_home_dir()?)
@@ -41,16 +39,16 @@ pub(crate) fn current_owner_credentials_for_root(app_root: &Path) -> Result<Owne
 }
 
 #[cfg(windows)]
-fn windows_owner_credentials(app_data_root: &Path) -> Result<(OwnerIdentity, Option<std::string::String>)> {
+fn windows_owner_credentials(app_data_root: &Path) -> Result<(OwnerIdentity, Option<String>)> {
     let sid = windows_owner::current_sid()?;
     let token = windows_owner::load_or_create_token(app_data_root, &sid)?;
-    Ok((OwnerIdentity::Windows { sid: sid.into() }, Some(token.into())))
+    Ok((OwnerIdentity::Windows { sid }, Some(token)))
 }
 
 #[cfg(windows)]
 fn windows_current_identity() -> Result<OwnerIdentity> {
     Ok(OwnerIdentity::Windows {
-        sid: windows_owner::current_sid()?.into(),
+        sid: windows_owner::current_sid()?,
     })
 }
 
@@ -81,7 +79,7 @@ pub(crate) fn repair_app_data_root_owner(app_data_root: &Path) -> Result<()> {
 #[cfg(windows)]
 pub(crate) fn current_user_pipe_sddl() -> Result<String> {
     let sid = windows_owner::current_sid()?;
-    Ok(format!("D:P(A;;GA;;;{sid})(A;;GA;;;SY)(A;;GA;;;BA)").into())
+    Ok(format!("D:P(A;;GA;;;{sid})(A;;GA;;;SY)(A;;GA;;;BA)"))
 }
 
 #[cfg(windows)]
@@ -646,19 +644,17 @@ mod windows_owner {
         }
         let value = LocalWideString(value);
         let length = (0..).take_while(|index| unsafe { *value.0.add(*index) } != 0).count();
-        // from_utf16 exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
-        std::string::String::from_utf16(unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(value.0, length) })
+        String::from_utf16(unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(value.0, length) })
             .context("process SID is not valid UTF-16")
-            .map(Into::into)
     }
 
     fn encode_token(token: &[u8; TOKEN_BYTES]) -> String {
-        let mut encoded = std::string::String::with_capacity(TOKEN_BYTES * 2);
+        let mut encoded = String::with_capacity(TOKEN_BYTES * 2);
         for byte in token {
             use std::fmt::Write as _;
             let _ = write!(encoded, "{byte:02x}");
         }
-        encoded.into()
+        encoded
     }
 
     fn wide_path(path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<u16>> {

src-tauri/src/core/proxy_control.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ use std::{
     time::Duration,
 };
 use tokio::{sync::Mutex, time::timeout};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 const CLEAR_ATTEMPTS: u32 = 3;
 const CLEAR_RETRY_DELAY: Duration = Duration::from_millis(100);
@@ -321,8 +320,7 @@ fn truncate_utf8(value: &mut String, max_bytes: usize) {
     while !value.is_char_boundary(boundary) {
         boundary -= 1;
     }
-    let truncated = value.as_str()[..boundary].into();
-    *value = truncated;
+    value.truncate(boundary);
 }
 
 fn service_bypass(verge: &IVerge) -> Result<String> {
@@ -330,11 +328,11 @@ fn service_bypass(verge: &IVerge) -> Result<String> {
     ensure!(!custom.contains('\0'), "system proxy bypass contains NUL");
 
     let mut bypass = if custom.is_empty() {
-        MACOS_DEFAULT_BYPASS.into()
+        MACOS_DEFAULT_BYPASS.to_owned()
     } else if verge.use_default_bypass.unwrap_or(true) {
-        format!("{MACOS_DEFAULT_BYPASS},{custom}").into()
+        format!("{MACOS_DEFAULT_BYPASS},{custom}")
     } else {
-        custom.into()
+        custom.to_owned()
     };
     truncate_utf8(&mut bypass, MAX_SERVICE_BYPASS_LEN);
     Ok(bypass)
@@ -355,7 +353,7 @@ fn service_proxy_config(verge: &IVerge, mixed_port: u16, pac_port: u16) -> Resul
         Ok(MacosProxyConfig::Global {
             host: LOOPBACK_HOST.to_owned(),
             port: mixed_port,
-            bypass: service_bypass(verge)?.into(),
+            bypass: service_bypass(verge)?,
         })
     }
 }
@@ -370,7 +368,7 @@ fn service_apply_result(requested: &MacosProxyConfig, outcome: ProxyApplyOutcome
         // Direct fallback satisfies a disable request.
         ProxyApplyOutcome::DirectFallback { .. } if matches!(requested, MacosProxyConfig::Disabled) => Ok(()),
         ProxyApplyOutcome::DirectFallback { message } => {
-            Err(SysproxyFailure::DirectFallback { detail: message.into() }.into())
+            Err(SysproxyFailure::DirectFallback { detail: message }.into())
         }
     }
 }
@@ -646,7 +644,7 @@ const GUARD_FAILURES_BEFORE_STOPPING: u32 = 3;
 
 async fn report_guard_stopped(captured_generation: u64, error: &anyhow::Error) {
     let stopped = anyhow::Error::new(SysproxyFailure::GuardStopped {
-        detail: format!("{error:#}").into(),
+        detail: format!("{error:#}"),
     });
     // Do not publish a late failure from a replaced guard.
     let recorded = SERVICE_PROXY_OPERATIONS
@@ -1108,7 +1106,7 @@ mod tests {
         let requested = MacosProxyConfig::Global {
             host: "127.0.0.1".to_owned(),
             port: 7890,
-            bypass: std::string::String::new(),
+            bypass: String::new(),
         };
 
         let error = service_apply_result(
@@ -1148,8 +1146,8 @@ mod tests {
         let events = Mutex::new(Vec::new());
         super::settle_table(
             effect,
-            |asked| events.lock().push(format!("retire:{asked:?}").into()),
-            |operation, _| events.lock().push(format!("file:{operation:?}").into()),
+            |asked| events.lock().push(format!("retire:{asked:?}")),
+            |operation, _| events.lock().push(format!("file:{operation:?}")),
         );
         events.into_inner()
     }
@@ -1278,7 +1276,7 @@ mod tests {
         let combined = rollback_failure(
             mappable(),
             anyhow::anyhow!("the service could not set it").context(SysproxyFailure::DirectFallback {
-                detail: "fell back to direct".into(),
+                detail: "fell back to direct".to_owned(),
             }),
         );
 

src-tauri/src/core/proxy_view.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
-use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, HashMap};
 
-use serde::Serialize;
+use serde::{Serialize, Serializer, ser::SerializeMap as _};
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::models::{
-    DelayHistory, Proxies, Proxy, ProxyProvider, ProxyProviders, ProxyType, VehicleType,
+    DelayHistory, Extra, Proxies, Proxy, ProxyProvider, ProxyProviders, ProxyType, VehicleType,
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 pub struct ProxyViewInput {
     pub runtime_group_order: Vec<String>,
@@ -58,6 +57,28 @@ pub struct ProxyCapabilities {
     pub smux: bool,
 }
 
+#[derive(Serialize, specta::Type)]
+struct ProxyLatencyHistory<'a> {
+    #[specta(type = Vec<crate::ipc::DelayHistory>)]
+    history: &'a [DelayHistory],
+}
+
+fn serialize_proxy_latency_history<S: Serializer>(
+    extra: &HashMap<String, Extra>,
+    serializer: S,
+) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> {
+    let mut map = serializer.serialize_map(Some(extra.len()))?;
+    for (url, extra) in extra {
+        map.serialize_entry(
+            url,
+            &ProxyLatencyHistory {
+                history: &extra.history,
+            },
+        )?;
+    }
+    map.end()
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ProxyGroupView {
@@ -77,6 +98,9 @@ pub struct ProxyGroupView {
     pub test_url: Option<String>,
     #[specta(type = Vec<crate::ipc::DelayHistory>)]
     pub history: Vec<DelayHistory>,
+    #[serde(serialize_with = "serialize_proxy_latency_history")]
+    #[specta(type = HashMap<String, ProxyLatencyHistory<'static>>)]
+    pub extra: HashMap<String, Extra>,
     #[serde(flatten)]
     pub capabilities: ProxyCapabilities,
     pub members: Vec<ProxyMemberRef>,
@@ -92,6 +116,9 @@ pub struct ProxyNodeView {
     pub proxy_type: ProxyType,
     #[specta(type = Vec<crate::ipc::DelayHistory>)]
     pub history: Vec<DelayHistory>,
+    #[serde(serialize_with = "serialize_proxy_latency_history")]
+    #[specta(type = HashMap<String, ProxyLatencyHistory<'static>>)]
+    pub extra: HashMap<String, Extra>,
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub id: Option<String>,
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -257,7 +284,7 @@ impl ProxyViewBuilder {
         } else {
             ProxyViewProviderState::Unavailable
         };
-        let (mut core_groups, core_nodes) = partition_core(proxies);
+        let (mut core_groups, core_nodes) = partition_core(proxies, providers.is_some());
         let (mut records, core_node_ids) = build_core_records(core_nodes);
         let (providers, provider_candidates) = build_provider_records(providers, &mut records);
         let resolver = MemberResolver {
@@ -271,7 +298,7 @@ impl ProxyViewBuilder {
 
         let global = core_groups
             .remove("GLOBAL")
-            .map(|proxy| build_group(String::from("GLOBAL"), proxy, &resolver));
+            .map(|proxy| build_group("GLOBAL".to_owned(), proxy, &resolver));
         let (groups, order_source) = build_ordered_groups(core_groups, runtime_group_order, &resolver);
         let direct = core_node_ids.get("DIRECT").cloned();
         let standalone = build_standalone(&core_node_ids);
@@ -290,15 +317,14 @@ impl ProxyViewBuilder {
     }
 }
 
-fn partition_core(proxies: Proxies) -> (BTreeMap<String, Proxy>, BTreeMap<String, Proxy>) {
+fn partition_core(proxies: Proxies, providers_available: bool) -> (BTreeMap<String, Proxy>, BTreeMap<String, Proxy>) {
     let mut groups = BTreeMap::new();
     let mut nodes = BTreeMap::new();
 
     for (name, proxy) in proxies.proxies {
-        let name = String::from(name);
         if proxy.all.is_some() {
             groups.insert(name, proxy);
-        } else {
+        } else if !providers_available || proxy.provider_name.is_empty() {
             nodes.insert(name, proxy);
         }
     }
@@ -313,7 +339,7 @@ fn build_core_records(
     let mut ids = BTreeMap::new();
 
     for (index, (name, proxy)) in core_nodes.into_iter().enumerate() {
-        let record_id = String::from(format!("c:{index}"));
+        let record_id = format!("c:{index}");
         ids.insert(name.clone(), record_id.clone());
         records.insert(
             record_id.clone(),
@@ -334,13 +360,7 @@ fn build_provider_records(
     records: &mut BTreeMap<String, ProxyNodeView>,
 ) -> (Vec<ProxyProviderView>, ProviderCandidates) {
     let providers = providers
-        .map(|providers| {
-            providers
-                .providers
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|(name, provider)| (String::from(name), provider))
-                .collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>()
-        })
+        .map(|providers| providers.providers.into_iter().collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>())
         .unwrap_or_default();
     let mut views = Vec::new();
     let mut candidates = BTreeMap::new();
@@ -363,9 +383,9 @@ fn build_provider_records(
         let mut proxy_record_ids = Vec::new();
 
         for (member_index, proxy) in proxies.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            let record_id = String::from(format!("p:{provider_index}:{member_index}"));
-            let proxy_name = String::from(proxy.name.as_str());
-            let node_name = String::from(proxy.name.as_str());
+            let record_id = format!("p:{provider_index}:{member_index}");
+            let proxy_name = proxy.name.clone();
+            let node_name = proxy.name.clone();
             candidates
                 .entry(proxy_name.clone())
                 .or_insert_with(Vec::new)
@@ -388,7 +408,7 @@ fn build_provider_records(
         views.push(ProxyProviderView {
             name: provider_name,
             vehicle_type,
-            updated_at: updated_at.map(String::from),
+            updated_at,
             subscription_info: subscription_info.map(|subscription_info| ProxySubscriptionInfo {
                 upload: subscription_info.upload,
                 download: subscription_info.download,
@@ -411,6 +431,7 @@ fn build_group(name: String, proxy: Proxy, resolver: &MemberResolver<'_>) -> Pro
         now,
         test_url,
         history,
+        extra,
         udp,
         xudp,
         tfo,
@@ -425,7 +446,6 @@ fn build_group(name: String, proxy: Proxy, resolver: &MemberResolver<'_>) -> Pro
         .unwrap_or_default()
         .into_iter()
         .map(|member| {
-            let member = String::from(member);
             let (occurrence, scoped) = seen
                 .entry(member.clone())
                 .or_insert_with(|| (0, resolver.scoped_candidates(&name, &member)));
@@ -438,12 +458,13 @@ fn build_group(name: String, proxy: Proxy, resolver: &MemberResolver<'_>) -> Pro
     ProxyGroupView {
         name,
         proxy_type,
-        now: now.map(String::from),
-        fixed: fixed.map(String::from),
+        now,
+        fixed,
         hidden,
-        icon: icon.map(String::from),
-        test_url: test_url.map(String::from),
+        icon,
+        test_url,
         history,
+        extra,
         capabilities: ProxyCapabilities {
             udp,
             xudp,
@@ -462,6 +483,7 @@ fn build_node(record_id: String, name: String, proxy: Proxy, source: ProxyNodeSo
         icon,
         test_url,
         history,
+        extra,
         udp,
         xudp,
         tfo,
@@ -476,10 +498,11 @@ fn build_node(record_id: String, name: String, proxy: Proxy, source: ProxyNodeSo
         name,
         proxy_type,
         history,
-        id: id.map(String::from),
+        extra,
+        id,
         hidden,
-        icon: icon.map(String::from),
-        test_url: test_url.map(String::from),
+        icon,
+        test_url,
         capabilities: ProxyCapabilities {
             udp,
             xudp,
@@ -529,3 +552,62 @@ fn build_standalone(core_node_ids: &BTreeMap<String, String>) -> Vec<String> {
     );
     standalone
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use serde_json::json;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn provider_echo_in_proxies_does_not_override_group_membership() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let view = ProxyViewBuilder::build(ProxyViewInput {
+            runtime_group_order: vec!["A".into(), "B".into()],
+            group_scopes: ["A", "B"]
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|name| {
+                    (
+                        name.into(),
+                        GroupScope {
+                            providers: vec![name.into()],
+                            exclude_types: vec![],
+                        },
+                    )
+                })
+                .collect(),
+            proxies: serde_json::from_value(json!({"proxies": {
+                "A": {"all": ["node"], "type": "Selector"},
+                "B": {"all": ["node"], "type": "Selector"},
+                "node": {"name": "node", "provider-name": "A", "history": [{"time": "2026-10-08T00:00:00Z", "delay": 32}]}
+            }}))?,
+            providers: Some(serde_json::from_value(json!({"providers": {
+                "A": {"vehicleType": "Inline", "proxies": [{"name": "node", "history": [{"time": "2026-10-08T00:00:00Z", "delay": 32}]}]},
+                "B": {"vehicleType": "Inline", "proxies": [{"name": "node", "history": [{"time": "2026-10-08T00:00:00Z", "delay": 123}]}]}
+            }}))?),
+        });
+        for (group, expected) in view.groups.iter().zip([32, 123]) {
+            let ProxyMemberRef::Node { record_id, .. } = &group.members[0] else {
+                anyhow::bail!("Expected node")
+            };
+            let record = &view.records[record_id];
+            assert_eq!(record.history.last().map(|entry| entry.delay), Some(expected));
+            assert!(
+                matches!(&record.source, ProxyNodeSource::Provider { provider_name, .. } if provider_name == &group.name)
+            );
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn unavailable_provider_keeps_core_echo_interactable() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let view = ProxyViewBuilder::build(ProxyViewInput {
+            runtime_group_order: vec!["A".into()],
+            group_scopes: BTreeMap::new(),
+            proxies: serde_json::from_value(json!({"proxies": {
+                "A": {"all": ["node"], "type": "Selector"},
+                "node": {"name": "node", "provider-name": "provider"}
+            }}))?,
+            providers: None,
+        });
+        assert!(matches!(&view.groups[0].members[0], ProxyMemberRef::Node { .. }));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

src-tauri/src/core/runstate/env.rs

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ impl RunStateEnv for RealEnv {
         Ok(ServiceVersionReply {
             core,
             code: response.code,
-            message: response.message.into(),
+            message: response.message,
             protocol: response.data,
         })
     }
@@ -123,7 +123,6 @@ mod fake {
 
     use super::{PendingAction, RunState, RunStateEnv, ServiceVersionReply};
     use crate::core::manager::RunningMode;
-    use tristr::alias::String;
 
     /// A fail-closed scripted machine that records outbound effects.
     #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -164,7 +163,7 @@ mod fake {
             self.with_evidence(true).always_replying(Ok(ServiceVersionReply {
                 core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
                 code: 0,
-                message: "ok".into(),
+                message: "ok".to_owned(),
                 protocol: Some(ProtocolInfo::current()),
             }))
         }
@@ -174,7 +173,7 @@ mod fake {
             self.with_evidence(true).always_replying(Ok(ServiceVersionReply {
                 core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
                 code: 0,
-                message: "ok".into(),
+                message: "ok".to_owned(),
                 protocol: None,
             }))
         }
@@ -182,12 +181,12 @@ mod fake {
         #[must_use]
         pub fn service_unreachable(self) -> Self {
             self.with_evidence(true)
-                .always_replying(Err("ipc transport refused".into()))
+                .always_replying(Err("ipc transport refused".to_owned()))
         }
 
         #[must_use]
         pub fn evidence_unavailable(mut self) -> Self {
-            self.evidence = Err("registry probe failed".into());
+            self.evidence = Err("registry probe failed".to_owned());
             self
         }
 
@@ -237,7 +236,7 @@ mod fake {
 
         #[must_use]
         pub fn privileged_operations_fail(self, reason: &str) -> Self {
-            *self.privileged_outcome.lock() = Err(reason.into());
+            *self.privileged_outcome.lock() = Err(reason.to_owned());
             self
         }
 
@@ -257,7 +256,7 @@ mod fake {
                 replies
                     .first()
                     .cloned()
-                    .unwrap_or_else(|| Err("no service configured".into()))
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| Err("no service configured".to_owned()))
             };
             reply.map_err(|error| anyhow!(error))
         }

src-tauri/src/core/runstate/health.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 //! Core lifecycle remains in `CoreManager`.
 
 use crate::core::manager::RunningMode;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum ServiceHealth {

src-tauri/src/core/runstate/mod.rs

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ impl<E: RunStateEnv> RunStateStore<E> {
                     Type::Service,
                     "failed to inspect trusted service evidence: {error:#}"
                 );
-                return ServiceHealth::Unavailable(format!("service detection failed: {error:#}").into());
+                return ServiceHealth::Unavailable(format!("service detection failed: {error:#}"));
             }
         };
 
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ impl<E: RunStateEnv> RunStateStore<E> {
     }
 
     #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
-    pub fn allow_sidecar_after_service_refusal(&self, reason: tristr::alias::String) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn allow_sidecar_after_service_refusal(&self, reason: String) -> Result<()> {
         let mut state = self.service.lock();
         if self.operation_running.load(Ordering::Acquire) || state.service.pending.is_some() {
             bail!("cannot fall back while a service operation is pending");
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ mod tests {
         ServiceVersionReply {
             core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
             code: 0,
-            message: "ok".into(),
+            message: "ok".to_owned(),
             protocol: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::ProtocolInfo::current()),
         }
     }
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ mod tests {
         for health in [
             ServiceHealth::NotInstalled,
             ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch,
-            ServiceHealth::Unavailable("boom".into()),
+            ServiceHealth::Unavailable("boom".to_owned()),
         ] {
             let store = with_env(FakeEnv::new());
             store.observe(health.clone());
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn awaiting_readiness_retries_a_silent_service_then_accepts_its_reply() {
-        let store = with_env(FakeEnv::new().replying(vec![Err("ipc path not ready".into()), Ok(ready_reply())]));
+        let store = with_env(FakeEnv::new().replying(vec![Err("ipc path not ready".to_owned()), Ok(ready_reply())]));
 
         let state = store
             .await_ready(2, Duration::ZERO)

src-tauri/src/core/runstate/probe.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ use clash_verge_service_ipc::{
 };
 
 use super::health::ServiceHealth;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 /// What the Service replied to a protocol-version query.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ pub fn classify_service_version_reply(reply: &ServiceVersionReply) -> ServiceVer
         return match &reply.core {
             Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready) => ServiceVersionCheck::Ready,
             Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Rejected { reason }) => {
-                ServiceVersionCheck::CoreUnavailable(format!("{CORE_REJECTED_PREFIX}{reason}").into())
+                ServiceVersionCheck::CoreUnavailable(format!("{CORE_REJECTED_PREFIX}{reason}"))
             }
             _ => ServiceVersionCheck::CoreUnavailable(
                 "the selected approved core is missing or does not match; reinstall the service to repair it".into(),
@@ -78,12 +77,9 @@ pub fn classify_service_version_reply(reply: &ServiceVersionReply) -> ServiceVer
             reply.code, reply.message, client.epoch
         )
     };
-    ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(
-        format!(
-            "Service helper version or protocol mismatch: {detail}. Choose Reinstall to uninstall the existing service and install the required version"
-        )
-        .into(),
-    )
+    ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(format!(
+        "Service helper version or protocol mismatch: {detail}. Choose Reinstall to uninstall the existing service and install the required version"
+    ))
 }
 
 /// Classify a version reply into the probe outcome used by [`classify_service_health`].
@@ -108,7 +104,7 @@ pub fn classify_service_health(
     match current {
         CurrentServiceProbe::Ready => ServiceHealth::Ready,
         CurrentServiceProbe::VersionMismatch => ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch,
-        CurrentServiceProbe::Unavailable => ServiceHealth::Unavailable(unavailable_reason.into()),
+        CurrentServiceProbe::Unavailable => ServiceHealth::Unavailable(unavailable_reason.to_owned()),
         CurrentServiceProbe::Missing if has_install_marker => ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch,
         CurrentServiceProbe::Missing => ServiceHealth::NotInstalled,
     }
@@ -123,7 +119,7 @@ mod tests {
         ServiceVersionReply {
             core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
             code: 0,
-            message: "ok".into(),
+            message: "ok".to_owned(),
             protocol: Some(ProtocolInfo::current()),
         }
     }
@@ -158,7 +154,7 @@ mod tests {
         let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
             core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
             code: 0,
-            message: "ok".into(),
+            message: "ok".to_owned(),
             protocol: None,
         };
         let ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(detail) = classify_service_version_reply(&reply) else {
@@ -176,7 +172,7 @@ mod tests {
         let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
             core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
             code: 7,
-            message: "nope".into(),
+            message: "nope".to_owned(),
             protocol: Some(ProtocolInfo::current()),
         };
         let ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(detail) = classify_service_version_reply(&reply) else {
@@ -192,7 +188,7 @@ mod tests {
         let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
             core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
             code: 0,
-            message: "ok".into(),
+            message: "ok".to_owned(),
             protocol: Some(info),
         };
         assert!(matches!(
@@ -213,7 +209,7 @@ mod tests {
         let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
             core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
             code: 0,
-            message: "ok".into(),
+            message: "ok".to_owned(),
             protocol: Some(info),
         };
         assert!(matches!(
@@ -232,7 +228,7 @@ mod tests {
                 let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
                     core: None,
                     code,
-                    message: "unsupported command".into(),
+                    message: "unsupported command".to_owned(),
                     protocol: protocol.clone(),
                 };
                 let ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(detail) = classify_service_version_reply(&reply) else {
@@ -254,7 +250,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn an_unreachable_service_keeps_the_reason() {
         assert_eq!(
             classify_service_health(CurrentServiceProbe::Unavailable, true, "socket refused"),
-            ServiceHealth::Unavailable("socket refused".into())
+            ServiceHealth::Unavailable("socket refused".to_owned())
         );
     }
 

src-tauri/src/core/runtime_bundle.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
 use sha2::{Digest as _, Sha256};
 use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashSet};
 use std::path::{Component, Path, PathBuf};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 pub(crate) const GEO_ASSETS: &[&str] = &[
     "Country.mmdb",
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ struct ProviderPathOwners {
 pub(crate) fn resolve_provider_path_conflicts(config: &mut Mapping, config_root: &Path) -> Result<()> {
     let config_root = std::fs::canonicalize(config_root)?;
     let mut paths = BTreeMap::<String, ProviderPathOwners>::new();
-    let mut reserved: HashSet<String> = GEO_ASSETS.iter().map(|name| (*name).into()).collect();
+    let mut reserved: HashSet<String> = GEO_ASSETS.iter().map(|name| (*name).to_owned()).collect();
     for section in ["proxy-providers", "rule-providers"] {
         let Some(providers) = config.get(section).and_then(Value::as_mapping) else {
             continue;
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@ pub(crate) fn resolve_provider_path_conflicts(config: &mut Mapping, config_root:
             match (is_remote, provider.get("url").and_then(Value::as_str)) {
                 (true, Some(url)) => owners
                     .remote
-                    .entry(url.into())
+                    .entry(url.to_owned())
                     .or_default()
                     .push((section, name.clone())),
                 _ => owners.local = true,
@@ -106,7 +105,7 @@ pub(crate) fn resolve_provider_path_conflicts(config: &mut Mapping, config_root:
         for (url, providers) in owners.remote {
             let replacement = allocate_provider_destination(&destination, &url, &mut reserved);
             for (section, name) in providers {
-                config[section][&name]["path"] = Value::String(replacement.clone().into());
+                config[section][&name]["path"] = Value::String(replacement.clone());
                 logging!(
                     warn,
                     Type::Config,
@@ -132,16 +131,15 @@ fn allocate_provider_destination(destination: &str, url: &str, reserved: &mut Ha
     let mut suffix = String::new();
     let mut sequence = 0;
     loop {
-        let candidate: String = path
+        let candidate = path
             .with_file_name(format!("cvr-{digest}{suffix}{extension}"))
             .to_string_lossy()
-            .replace('\\', "/")
-            .into();
+            .replace('\\', "/");
         if reserved.insert(candidate.clone()) {
             return candidate;
         }
         sequence += 1;
-        suffix = format!("-{sequence}").into();
+        suffix = format!("-{sequence}");
     }
 }
 
@@ -169,7 +167,7 @@ fn collect_runtime_parts(mut config: Value, config_root: &Path) -> Result<Runtim
     )?;
     for filename in GEO_ASSETS {
         let source = config_root.join(filename);
-        if source.is_file() && destinations.insert((*filename).into()) {
+        if source.is_file() && destinations.insert((*filename).to_string()) {
             assets.push(RuntimeAsset {
                 source: std::fs::canonicalize(&source)?.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
                 destination: (*filename).to_string(),
@@ -230,9 +228,9 @@ fn collect_provider_assets(
                         }
                         remote_providers.push(RemoteProviderRef {
                             section,
-                            name: name.as_str().unwrap_or_default().into(),
+                            name: name.as_str().unwrap_or_default().to_owned(),
                             provider: RemoteProvider {
-                                destination: destination.clone().into(),
+                                destination: destination.clone(),
                                 url,
                             },
                         });
@@ -261,13 +259,13 @@ fn collect_provider_assets(
                 if destinations.insert(destination.clone()) {
                     assets.push(RuntimeAsset {
                         source: source.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
-                        destination: destination.clone().into(),
+                        destination: destination.clone(),
                     });
                 }
                 destination
             }
         };
-        provider.insert(Value::String("path".to_owned()), Value::String(destination.into()));
+        provider.insert(Value::String("path".to_owned()), Value::String(destination));
     }
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -341,7 +339,7 @@ fn normalized_destination(relative: &Path) -> Result<String> {
     if destination.as_os_str().is_empty() {
         bail!("local runtime provider destination is empty");
     }
-    Ok(destination.to_string_lossy().replace('\\', "/").into())
+    Ok(destination.to_string_lossy().replace('\\', "/"))
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -387,12 +385,12 @@ mod tests {
         for declared in readback {
             assert!(bundle.remote_providers.contains(&declared.provider));
             assert_eq!(
-                config[declared.section][declared.name.as_str()]["path"],
+                config[declared.section][&declared.name]["path"],
                 declared.provider.destination
             );
             assert_eq!(
-                config[declared.section][declared.name.as_str()]["url"],
-                original[declared.section][declared.name.as_str()]["url"]
+                config[declared.section][&declared.name]["url"],
+                original[declared.section][&declared.name]["url"]
             );
         }
         std::fs::remove_dir_all(root)?;

src-tauri/src/core/service.rs

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ use std::{
     sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU64, Ordering},
     time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH},
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 static OWNER_MONITOR_GENERATION: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(0);
 static ACTIVE_SERVICE_SESSION: Mutex<Option<ActiveServiceSession>> = Mutex::new(None);
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ pub(crate) fn is_not_auto_started(reason: &str) -> bool {
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 pub(crate) fn notify_service_fallback(reason: &str) {
-    *PENDING_SERVICE_FALLBACK_NOTICE.lock() = Some(reason.into());
+    *PENDING_SERVICE_FALLBACK_NOTICE.lock() = Some(reason.to_owned());
     Handle::notice(NoticeStatus::ServiceCoreSidecarFallback, "");
 }
 
@@ -92,7 +91,7 @@ fn app_data_owner_command(credentials: &OwnerCredentials) -> Option<String> {
         return None;
     };
     let path = credentials.app_data_dir.replace('\'', r"'\''");
-    Some(format!("sudo chown -R {uid}:{gid} '{path}'").into())
+    Some(format!("sudo chown -R {uid}:{gid} '{path}'"))
 }
 
 /// Capabilities of the service session that owns the running Core.
@@ -244,24 +243,22 @@ fn macos_service_install_markers() -> Vec<String> {
         format!(
             "/Library/LaunchDaemons/{}.plist",
             clash_verge_service_ipc::MACOS_SERVICE_ID
-        )
-        .into(),
+        ),
         format!(
             "/Library/PrivilegedHelperTools/{}.bundle",
             clash_verge_service_ipc::MACOS_SERVICE_ID
-        )
-        .into(),
+        ),
         #[cfg(not(feature = "verge-dev"))]
-        "/Library/LaunchDaemons/io.github.clashverge.helper.plist".into(),
+        "/Library/LaunchDaemons/io.github.clashverge.helper.plist".to_owned(),
         #[cfg(not(feature = "verge-dev"))]
-        "/Library/PrivilegedHelperTools/io.github.clashverge.helper".into(),
+        "/Library/PrivilegedHelperTools/io.github.clashverge.helper".to_owned(),
     ]
 }
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 fn macos_service_install_marker_exists() -> std::io::Result<bool> {
     for marker in macos_service_install_markers() {
-        if path_entry_exists_without_follow(Path::new(marker.as_str()))? {
+        if path_entry_exists_without_follow(Path::new(&marker))? {
             return Ok(true);
         }
     }
@@ -338,8 +335,7 @@ pub(crate) fn trusted_service_evidence() -> Result<bool> {
             output.status
         );
     }
-    // from_utf8_lossy exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
-    Ok(std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim() != "not-found")
+    Ok(String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim() != "not-found")
 }
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
@@ -568,12 +564,12 @@ fn service_core_path(clash_core: &str, bin_ext: &str) -> Result<PathBuf> {
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 fn escape_osascript_double_quoted_string(value: &str) -> String {
-    value.replace('\\', "\\\\").replace('"', "\\\"").into()
+    value.replace('\\', "\\\\").replace('"', "\\\"")
 }
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 fn shell_single_quote(value: &str) -> String {
-    format!("'{}'", value.replace('\'', r"'\''")).into()
+    format!("'{}'", value.replace('\'', r"'\''"))
 }
 
 fn packaged_service_tool_path(file_name: &str, packaged_path: impl FnOnce() -> Result<PathBuf>) -> Result<PathBuf> {
@@ -645,7 +641,7 @@ fn uninstall_service() -> Result<()> {
     let status = if linux_running_as_root() {
         StdCommand::new(&uninstall_path).status()?
     } else {
-        let result = StdCommand::new(elevator.as_str())
+        let result = StdCommand::new(&elevator)
             .arg("--disable-internal-agent")
             .arg(&uninstall_path)
             .status()?;
@@ -701,7 +697,7 @@ fn uninstall_service() -> Result<()> {
     }
 
     let uninstall_path = macos_service_tool_path(&uninstall_path)?;
-    let uninstall_shell: String = uninstall_path.to_string_lossy().into();
+    let uninstall_shell: String = uninstall_path.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
 
     // clash_verge_i18n::sync_locale(Config::verge().await.latest_arc().language.as_deref());
 
@@ -847,7 +843,7 @@ pub(super) async fn stage_runtime_by_service(config_file: &Path) -> Result<Stage
     if response.code > 0 {
         return Ok(StageRequest::Refused {
             code: response.code,
-            message: response.message.into(),
+            message: response.message,
         });
     }
     response
@@ -883,7 +879,7 @@ fn record_service_start_refusal<E: RunStateEnv>(
     if store.state().mode == crate::core::manager::RunningMode::NotRunning
         && refusal.code != ServiceErrorCode::ProxyClearFailed as u16
     {
-        store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(refusal.to_string().into()));
+        store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(refusal.to_string()));
     }
     refusal.into()
 }
@@ -891,7 +887,7 @@ fn record_service_start_refusal<E: RunStateEnv>(
 /// Sidecar stays blocked until a reinstall replaces the residual helper, so ask for repair.
 pub(super) fn record_residual_service(error: &anyhow::Error) {
     if let Some(residual) = error.downcast_ref::<clash_verge_service_ipc::execution::ResidualServiceError>() {
-        RUN_STATE.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(residual.to_string().into()));
+        RUN_STATE.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(residual.to_string()));
     }
 }
 
@@ -905,7 +901,7 @@ pub(super) async fn start_with_existing_service(config_file: &Path) -> Result<()
     let proposed_session_token = generate_service_session_token()?;
     let request = StartClashRequest {
         runtime,
-        proposed_session_token: proposed_session_token.clone().into(),
+        proposed_session_token: proposed_session_token.clone(),
         macos_proxy: None,
     };
 
@@ -943,8 +939,8 @@ pub(super) async fn start_with_existing_service(config_file: &Path) -> Result<()
             &RUN_STATE,
             ServiceStartRefusal {
                 code: response.code,
-                core_path: request.runtime.core_path.into(),
-                message: err_msg.into(),
+                core_path: request.runtime.core_path,
+                message: err_msg,
             },
         ));
     }
@@ -956,7 +952,7 @@ pub(super) async fn start_with_existing_service(config_file: &Path) -> Result<()
     *ACTIVE_SERVICE_SESSION.lock() = Some(ActiveServiceSession {
         proof: OwnerSessionProof {
             generation: result.session.generation,
-            token: proposed_session_token.into(),
+            token: proposed_session_token,
         },
         supports_runtime_staging: capabilities.runtime_staging,
         supports_runtime_file_read: capabilities.runtime_file_read,
@@ -1016,10 +1012,7 @@ pub(super) async fn get_clash_logs_by_service() -> Result<Vec<String>> {
         bail!(err_msg);
     }
 
-    Ok(response
-        .data
-        .map(|logs| logs.into_iter().map(Into::into).collect())
-        .unwrap_or_default())
+    Ok(response.data.unwrap_or_default())
 }
 
 pub(crate) async fn get_clash_log_snapshot_by_service() -> Result<String> {
@@ -1037,8 +1030,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn get_clash_log_snapshot_by_service() -> Result<String> {
     }
     let encoded = response.data.context("服务未返回核心日志快照")?;
     let content = decode_hex(&encoded).context("服务返回了无效的核心日志快照")?;
-    // from_utf8_lossy_owned exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
-    Ok(std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy_owned(content).into())
+    Ok(String::from_utf8_lossy_owned(content))
 }
 
 fn decode_hex(encoded: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
@@ -1352,7 +1344,7 @@ async fn read_chunk(
     }
     Ok(Some(match response.data.context("服务未返回运行时文件")? {
         RuntimeFileOutcome::Absent => (None, 0, None),
-        RuntimeFileOutcome::Chunk { hex, len, mtime_ns } => (Some(hex.into()), len, mtime_ns),
+        RuntimeFileOutcome::Chunk { hex, len, mtime_ns } => (Some(hex), len, mtime_ns),
     }))
 }
 
@@ -1364,11 +1356,11 @@ async fn provider_load_times() -> Result<ProviderLoadTimes> {
     let proxies = proxies.map_err(|error| anyhow!("failed to query proxy providers: {error}"))?;
     let mut loaded = ProviderLoadTimes::new();
     for (name, provider) in rules.providers {
-        loaded.insert(("rule-providers", name.into()), epoch_nanos(&provider.updated_at));
+        loaded.insert(("rule-providers", name), epoch_nanos(&provider.updated_at));
     }
     for (name, provider) in proxies.providers {
         loaded.insert(
-            ("proxy-providers", name.into()),
+            ("proxy-providers", name),
             provider.updated_at.as_deref().and_then(epoch_nanos),
         );
     }
@@ -1594,7 +1586,7 @@ const fn owner_recovery_policy(reason: OwnerRecoveryReason, is_macos: bool) -> O
 fn mark_service_unavailable_after_owner_loss<E: RunStateEnv>(store: &RunStateStore<E>, reason: OwnerRecoveryReason) {
     if matches!(reason, OwnerRecoveryReason::TransportFailure) {
         store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(
-            "service control IPC unavailable after sustained transport failure".into(),
+            "service control IPC unavailable after sustained transport failure".to_owned(),
         ));
     }
 }
@@ -1855,7 +1847,7 @@ async fn wait_for_service_ipc() -> Result<()> {
         }
         Err(ReadyWaitError::Unreachable(error)) => {
             tracing::Span::current().record("outcome", "unreachable");
-            RUN_STATE.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(format!("{CONTEXT}: {error:#}").into()));
+            RUN_STATE.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(format!("{CONTEXT}: {error:#}")));
             Err(error).context(CONTEXT)
         }
         Err(ReadyWaitError::Rejected(error)) => {
@@ -2670,7 +2662,7 @@ mod tests {
         let outcome = super::run_action_restoring_sidecar(&store, was_allowed, async {
             store.perform(PendingAction::Install).await?;
             // Simulate `wait_for_service_ipc` recording health before it fails.
-            store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable("service never answered".into()));
+            store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable("service never answered".to_owned()));
             bail!("service IPC did not become available")
         })
         .await;

src-tauri/src/core/sysopt.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use anyhow::Result;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use scopeguard::defer;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
     sync::{
         Arc,
@@ -17,7 +18,6 @@ use std::{
 };
 use sysproxy::{Autoproxy, GuardMonitor, GuardType, Sysproxy};
 use tokio::sync::Mutex as TokioMutex;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 enum ProxyApplyStep {
@@ -677,8 +677,8 @@ mod tests {
         (calls.into_inner(), result.is_ok())
     }
 
-    fn failure_text(result: anyhow::Result<()>) -> String {
-        result.map_or_else(|error| format!("{error:#}").into(), |()| String::from("no failure"))
+    fn failure_text(result: anyhow::Result<()>) -> std::string::String {
+        result.map_or_else(|error| format!("{error:#}"), |()| "no failure".to_owned())
     }
 
     #[test]

src-tauri/src/core/timer.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use crate::{
 use anyhow::Result;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
 use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
     collections::HashMap,
     sync::{
@@ -22,7 +23,6 @@ use tokio::{
 };
 use tokio_stream::StreamExt as _;
 use tokio_util::time::{DelayQueue, delay_queue::Key};
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 enum TimerCommand {
     Apply(HashMap<String, TaskSchedule>),
@@ -502,6 +502,7 @@ mod tests {
     use super::{TaskSchedule, Timer, run_timer_profile_update_transition};
     use crate::config::{PrfItem, PrfOption};
     use parking_lot::Mutex;
+    use smartstring::alias::String;
     use std::collections::HashMap;
     use std::{
         sync::{
@@ -514,7 +515,6 @@ mod tests {
     use tokio::sync::Barrier;
     use tokio_stream::StreamExt as _;
     use tokio_util::time::DelayQueue;
-    use tristr::alias::String;
 
     struct CancellationProbe {
         cancelled: Arc<AtomicBool>,

src-tauri/src/core/tray/latency.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+use super::Tray;
+use crate::{
+    Type, cmd,
+    config::Config,
+    core::{
+        handle,
+        notify::{Refresh, announce},
+        proxy_view::{ProxyMemberRef, ProxyNodeSource},
+    },
+    logging,
+};
+
+const TRAY_DELAY_TEST_CONCURRENCY: usize = 10;
+const TRAY_DEFAULT_LATENCY_URL: &str = "http://cp.cloudflare.com/generate_204";
+
+fn is_latency_test_url(raw: &str) -> bool {
+    let raw = raw.trim();
+    raw.split_once("://")
+        .is_some_and(|(scheme, _)| scheme.eq_ignore_ascii_case("http") || scheme.eq_ignore_ascii_case("https"))
+        && tauri::Url::parse(raw).is_ok_and(|url| url.has_host() && matches!(url.scheme(), "http" | "https"))
+}
+
+pub(super) fn test_url(
+    group: &crate::core::proxy_view::ProxyGroupView,
+    verge: &crate::config::IVerge,
+    profiles: &crate::config::IProfiles,
+) -> String {
+    let custom_url = profiles
+        .current
+        .as_ref()
+        .and_then(|uid| profiles.get_item(uid).ok())
+        .and_then(|profile| profile.latency_test_urls.as_ref())
+        .and_then(|urls| urls.get(group.name.as_str()))
+        .map(|url| url.as_str())
+        .filter(|url| !url.trim().is_empty());
+    let group_url = group.test_url.as_deref().filter(|url| !url.trim().is_empty());
+    let default_url = verge
+        .default_latency_test
+        .as_deref()
+        .filter(|url| !url.trim().is_empty());
+    custom_url
+        .or(group_url)
+        .or(default_url)
+        .filter(|&url| is_latency_test_url(url))
+        .unwrap_or(TRAY_DEFAULT_LATENCY_URL)
+        .trim()
+        .to_owned()
+}
+
+static RUNNING: parking_lot::Mutex<std::collections::BTreeSet<String>> =
+    parking_lot::Mutex::new(std::collections::BTreeSet::new());
+
+pub(super) fn is_running(group_name: &str) -> bool {
+    RUNNING.lock().contains(group_name)
+}
+
+pub(super) async fn test_proxy_group_delay(group_name: &str) {
+    if !RUNNING.lock().insert(group_name.to_owned()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    Tray::global().refresh_latency_item(group_name);
+    let _running = scopeguard::guard(group_name, |name| {
+        RUNNING.lock().remove(name);
+        Tray::global().refresh_latency_item(name);
+    });
+    use futures::{StreamExt as _, stream};
+
+    let view = match cmd::proxy::get_proxy_view().await {
+        Ok(view) => view,
+        Err(err) => {
+            logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to read proxies for tray latency test: {err}");
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+    let verge = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
+
+    let group = view
+        .groups
+        .iter()
+        .chain(view.global.iter())
+        .find(|group| group.name.as_str() == group_name);
+    let Some(group) = group else {
+        logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Tray latency test group not found: {group_name}");
+        return;
+    };
+
+    let profiles = Config::profiles().await.latest_arc();
+    let url = test_url(group, &verge, &profiles);
+    let timeout = verge
+        .default_latency_timeout
+        .filter(|timeout| *timeout > 0)
+        .unwrap_or(10000) as u32;
+
+    let mut targets: Vec<(std::string::String, Option<std::string::String>)> = Vec::with_capacity(group.members.len());
+    for member in &group.members {
+        match member {
+            ProxyMemberRef::Node { name, record_id } => match view.records.get(record_id).map(|node| &node.source) {
+                Some(ProxyNodeSource::Provider {
+                    provider_name,
+                    proxy_name,
+                }) => targets.push((proxy_name.clone(), Some(provider_name.clone()))),
+                _ => targets.push((name.clone(), None)),
+            },
+            ProxyMemberRef::Group { name } => targets.push((name.clone(), None)),
+            ProxyMemberRef::Unresolved { .. } => {}
+        }
+    }
+    let mihomo = handle::Handle::mihomo();
+
+    stream::iter(targets.into_iter().map(move |(member, provider)| {
+        let url = url.clone();
+        async move {
+            let result = match provider {
+                Some(provider_name) => {
+                    mihomo
+                        .healthcheck_node_in_provider(&provider_name, &member, &url, timeout)
+                        .await
+                }
+                None => mihomo.delay_proxy_by_name(&member, &url, timeout).await,
+            };
+            if let Err(err) = result {
+                logging!(debug, Type::Tray, "Tray latency test failed: {member} - {err}");
+            }
+        }
+    }))
+    .buffer_unordered(TRAY_DELAY_TEST_CONCURRENCY)
+    .for_each(|()| std::future::ready(()))
+    .await;
+
+    if let Err(err) = cmd::proxy::sync_tray_proxy_selection().await {
+        logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to refresh tray after latency test: {err}");
+    }
+
+    announce(Refresh::Proxies);
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn latency_urls_require_a_valid_http_host_and_port() {
+        for invalid in [
+            "http://?",
+            "http://host:invalid",
+            "http://bad host/",
+            "ftp://localhost",
+            "http:localhost",
+        ] {
+            assert!(!is_latency_test_url(invalid), "{invalid}");
+        }
+        for valid in ["http://localhost/", " https://example.com/ ", "HTTP://localhost:8080/"] {
+            assert!(is_latency_test_url(valid), "{valid}");
+        }
+    }
+}

src-tauri/src/core/tray/menu_def.rs

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ define_menu! {
     outbound_modes => OUTBOUND_MODES, "tray_outbound_modes", "tray.outboundModes",
     profiles => PROFILES, "tray_profiles", "tray.profiles",
     proxies => PROXIES, "tray_proxies", "tray.proxies",
+    test_latency => TEST_LATENCY, "tray_test_latency", "tray.testLatency",
     system_proxy => SYSTEM_PROXY, "tray_system_proxy", "tray.systemProxy",
     tun_mode => TUN_MODE, "tray_tun_mode", "tray.tunMode",
     close_all_connections => CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS, "tray_close_all_connections", "tray.closeAllConnections",

src-tauri/src/core/tray/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use crate::config::{IProfilePreview, IVerge};
 use crate::core::lightweight;
+use crate::core::proxy_view::{ProxyGroupView, ProxyMemberRef, ProxyNodeSource, ProxyViewProviderState, ProxyViewV1};
 use crate::core::tray::menu_def::TrayAction;
 use crate::process::AsyncHandler;
 use crate::singleton;
@@ -14,20 +15,21 @@ use crate::{
 use clash_verge_limiter::{Limiter, SystemClock, SystemLimiter};
 use clash_verge_logging::logging_error;
 use tauri::tray::{MouseButton, MouseButtonState, TrayIcon, TrayIconBuilder, TrayIconEvent};
-use tauri_plugin_mihomo::models::Proxies;
 use tokio::fs;
 
 use super::handle;
 use anyhow::Result;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::time::Duration;
+use tauri::Manager as _;
 use tauri::{
-    AppHandle, Wry,
+    AppHandle, DynRuntime,
     menu::{CheckMenuItem, IsMenuItem, MenuEvent, MenuItem, PredefinedMenuItem, Submenu},
 };
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
+mod latency;
 mod menu_def;
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 mod speed_task;
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ use menu_def::{MenuIds, MenuTexts};
 
 // TODO: 是否需要将可变菜单抽离存储起来，后续直接更新对应菜单实例，无需重新创建菜单(待考虑)
 
-type ProxyMenuItem = (Option<Submenu<Wry>>, Vec<Box<dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>>>);
+type ProxyMenuItem = (Option<Submenu<DynRuntime>>, Vec<Box<dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>>>);
 
 const TRAY_CLICK_DEBOUNCE_MS: u64 = 300;
 pub const TRAY_ID: &str = "clash-verge-rev-tray";
@@ -55,8 +57,25 @@ enum IconKind {
     Tun,
 }
 
+struct LatencyMenuItem {
+    item: MenuItem<DynRuntime>,
+    running: bool,
+    proxies: Vec<ProxyLatencyItem>,
+    provider_state: ProxyViewProviderState,
+}
+
+struct ProxyLatencyItem {
+    item: CheckMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
+    name: std::string::String,
+    provider_name: Option<std::string::String>,
+    text: std::string::String,
+}
+
 pub struct Tray {
     limiter: SystemLimiter,
+    proxy_hover_limiter: SystemLimiter,
+    menu_update: tokio::sync::Mutex<()>,
+    latency_items: parking_lot::Mutex<HashMap<std::string::String, LatencyMenuItem>>,
     #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
     speed_controller: speed_task::TraySpeedController,
 }
@@ -130,6 +149,9 @@ impl Default for Tray {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
             limiter: Limiter::new(Duration::from_millis(TRAY_CLICK_DEBOUNCE_MS), SystemClock),
+            proxy_hover_limiter: Limiter::new(Duration::from_secs(1), SystemClock),
+            menu_update: tokio::sync::Mutex::new(()),
+            latency_items: parking_lot::Mutex::new(HashMap::new()),
             #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
             speed_controller: speed_task::TraySpeedController::new(),
         }
@@ -195,6 +217,7 @@ impl Tray {
     }
 
     async fn update_menu_internal(&self, app_handle: &AppHandle, include_proxy_groups: bool) -> Result<()> {
+        let _update = self.menu_update.lock().await;
         let Some(tray) = app_handle.tray_by_id(TRAY_ID) else {
             logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to update tray menu: tray not found");
             return Ok(());
@@ -219,29 +242,133 @@ impl Tray {
         let profiles_preview = profiles_arc.profiles_preview().unwrap_or_default();
         let is_lightweight_mode = is_in_lightweight_mode();
 
-        logging_error!(
-            Type::Tray,
-            tray.set_menu(Some(
-                create_tray_menu(
-                    app_handle,
-                    Some(mode.as_str()),
-                    *system_proxy,
-                    *tun_mode,
-                    tun_mode_available,
-                    profiles_preview,
-                    TrayMenuOptions {
-                        is_lightweight_mode,
-                        include_proxy_groups,
-                    },
-                )
-                .await?,
-            ))
-        );
+        let (menu, latency_items) = create_tray_menu(
+            app_handle,
+            Some(mode.as_str()),
+            *system_proxy,
+            *tun_mode,
+            tun_mode_available,
+            profiles_preview,
+            TrayMenuOptions {
+                is_lightweight_mode,
+                include_proxy_groups,
+            },
+        )
+        .await?;
+        tray.set_menu(Some(menu))?;
+        let groups: Vec<_> = latency_items.keys().cloned().collect();
+        *self.latency_items.lock() = latency_items;
+        for group in groups {
+            self.refresh_latency_item(&group);
+        }
 
         logging!(debug, Type::Tray, "托盘菜单更新成功");
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    async fn refresh_proxy_items(&'static self) {
+        let Ok(update) = self.menu_update.try_lock() else {
+            return;
+        };
+        if self.latency_items.lock().is_empty() || handle::Handle::global().is_exiting() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let Ok(Ok(view)) = tokio::time::timeout(
+            Duration::from_secs(1),
+            cmd::proxy::proxy_view(Some(Duration::from_millis(750))),
+        )
+        .await
+        else {
+            return;
+        };
+        if self
+            .latency_items
+            .lock()
+            .values()
+            .any(|entry| entry.provider_state != view.provider_state)
+        {
+            // Provider fallback changes member identities; rebuild through the existing queue.
+            drop(update);
+            logging_error!(Type::Tray, cmd::proxy::sync_tray_proxy_selection().await);
+            return;
+        }
+        let verge = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
+        let profiles = Config::profiles().await.latest_arc();
+        logging_error!(
+            Type::Tray,
+            handle::Handle::app_handle().run_on_main_thread(move || {
+                // Keep rebuilding serialized until these handles have received their snapshot.
+                let _update = update;
+                let mut items = self.latency_items.lock();
+                for (group_name, entry) in items.iter_mut() {
+                    let Some(group) = find_group(&view, group_name) else {
+                        continue;
+                    };
+                    let url = latency::test_url(group, &verge, &profiles);
+                    let mut members = HashMap::with_capacity(group.members.len());
+                    for member in &group.members {
+                        members
+                            .entry((member_name(member), member_provider(&view, member)))
+                            .or_insert(member);
+                    }
+                    for proxy in &mut entry.proxies {
+                        let Some(member) = members.get(&(proxy.name.as_str(), proxy.provider_name.as_deref())) else {
+                            continue;
+                        };
+                        let text = proxy_item_text(&view, member, &url, &verge);
+                        let checked = group.now.as_ref() == Some(&proxy.name);
+                        if text != proxy.text {
+                            match proxy.item.set_text(&text) {
+                                Ok(()) => proxy.text = text,
+                                Err(err) => logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to refresh proxy latency: {err}"),
+                            }
+                        }
+                        match proxy.item.is_checked() {
+                            Ok(current) if current != checked => {
+                                logging_error!(Type::Tray, proxy.item.set_checked(checked))
+                            }
+                            Err(err) => logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to read proxy selection: {err}"),
+                            _ => {}
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            })
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn refresh_latency_item(&self, group_name: &str) {
+        let group_name = group_name.to_owned();
+        logging_error!(
+            Type::Tray,
+            handle::Handle::app_handle().run_on_main_thread(move || {
+                Self::global().refresh_latency_item_on_main_thread(&group_name);
+            })
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn refresh_latency_item_on_main_thread(&self, group_name: &str) {
+        let running = latency::is_running(group_name);
+        let item = {
+            let mut items = self.latency_items.lock();
+            items.get_mut(group_name).and_then(|entry| {
+                if entry.running == running {
+                    return None;
+                }
+                entry.running = running;
+                Some(entry.item.clone())
+            })
+        };
+        if let Some(item) = item {
+            let label = if running {
+                clash_verge_i18n::t!("tray.testingLatency")
+            } else {
+                clash_verge_i18n::t!("tray.testLatency")
+            };
+            logging_error!(Type::Tray, item.set_text(label));
+            logging_error!(Type::Tray, item.set_enabled(!running));
+        }
+    }
+
     pub async fn update_icon(&self, verge: &IVerge) -> Result<()> {
         if handle::Handle::global().is_exiting() {
             logging!(debug, Type::Tray, "应用正在退出，跳过托盘图标更新");
@@ -422,11 +549,12 @@ fn create_hotkeys(hotkeys: &Option<Vec<String>>) -> HashMap<&str, &str> {
                     let mut parts = item.split(',');
                     match (parts.next(), parts.next()) {
                         (Some(func), Some(key)) => {
-                            // 托盘菜单的 `accelerator` 在 Linux/Windows 下不支持小键盘按键，Windows 下也不支持 Win 键（前端上报为 `CMD`）
-                            let uppercase_key = key.to_uppercase();
-                            let unsupported =
-                                uppercase_key.contains("NUMPAD") || (cfg!(windows) && uppercase_key.contains("CMD"));
-                            if unsupported { None } else { Some((func, key)) }
+                            // 托盘菜单中的 `accelerator` 属性，在 Linux/Windows 中都不支持小键盘按键的解析
+                            if key.to_uppercase().contains("NUMPAD") {
+                                None
+                            } else {
+                                Some((func, key))
+                            }
                         }
                         _ => None,
                     }
@@ -439,7 +567,7 @@ fn create_hotkeys(hotkeys: &Option<Vec<String>>) -> HashMap<&str, &str> {
 fn create_profile_menu_item(
     app_handle: &AppHandle,
     profiles_preview: Vec<IProfilePreview<'_>>,
-) -> Result<Vec<CheckMenuItem<Wry>>> {
+) -> Result<Vec<CheckMenuItem<DynRuntime>>> {
     profiles_preview
         .into_iter()
         .map(|profile| {
@@ -456,102 +584,181 @@ fn create_profile_menu_item(
         .collect()
 }
 
+const UNTESTED_DELAY_TEXT: &str = "-ms";
+const TIMEOUT_DELAY_TEXT: &str = "T/O";
+const TRAY_GROUP_DEPTH_LIMIT: usize = 8;
+
+const fn member_name(member: &ProxyMemberRef) -> &str {
+    match member {
+        ProxyMemberRef::Node { name, .. }
+        | ProxyMemberRef::Group { name }
+        | ProxyMemberRef::Unresolved { name, .. } => name.as_str(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn find_group<'a>(view: &'a ProxyViewV1, name: &str) -> Option<&'a ProxyGroupView> {
+    view.groups
+        .iter()
+        .chain(view.global.iter())
+        .find(|group| group.name.as_str() == name)
+}
+
+/// The delay recorded for `url`, falling back to the node's latest measurement under any URL, so a
+/// node the core tested on its own still shows a value.
+fn node_delay(view: &ProxyViewV1, record_id: &str, url: &str) -> Option<u16> {
+    view.records
+        .get(record_id)
+        .map(|node| node.extra.get(url).map_or(&node.history, |extra| &extra.history))
+        .and_then(|history| history.last())
+        .map(|history| history.delay)
+}
+
+/// A group row shows the delay of the node the group currently selects. The core never writes a
+/// history for the group itself, so `now` is followed until the chain reaches a node.
+fn selected_member_delay(view: &ProxyViewV1, group_name: &str, url: &str) -> Option<u16> {
+    let mut current = group_name;
+    for _ in 0..TRAY_GROUP_DEPTH_LIMIT {
+        let Some(group) = find_group(view, current) else { break };
+        let Some(now) = group.now.as_deref().filter(|now| !now.is_empty() && *now != current) else {
+            break;
+        };
+        let Some(member) = group.members.iter().find(|member| member_name(member) == now) else {
+            break;
+        };
+        match member {
+            ProxyMemberRef::Node { record_id, .. } => return node_delay(view, record_id, url),
+            ProxyMemberRef::Group { name } => current = name.as_str(),
+            ProxyMemberRef::Unresolved { .. } => break,
+        }
+    }
+    find_group(view, group_name)
+        .map(|group| group.extra.get(url).map_or(&group.history, |extra| &extra.history))
+        .and_then(|history| history.last())
+        .map(|history| history.delay)
+}
+
+fn member_provider<'a>(view: &'a ProxyViewV1, member: &ProxyMemberRef) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    let ProxyMemberRef::Node { record_id, .. } = member else {
+        return None;
+    };
+    match &view.records.get(record_id)?.source {
+        ProxyNodeSource::Provider { provider_name, .. } => Some(provider_name),
+        ProxyNodeSource::Core { .. } => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn proxy_item_text(view: &ProxyViewV1, member: &ProxyMemberRef, url: &str, verge: &IVerge) -> std::string::String {
+    let timeout = verge
+        .default_latency_timeout
+        .filter(|timeout| *timeout > 0)
+        .unwrap_or(10000);
+    let delay = match member {
+        ProxyMemberRef::Node { record_id, .. } => node_delay(view, record_id, url),
+        ProxyMemberRef::Group { name } => selected_member_delay(view, name, url),
+        ProxyMemberRef::Unresolved { .. } => None,
+    };
+    let delay_text = delay.map_or_else(
+        || UNTESTED_DELAY_TEXT.to_owned(),
+        |delay| {
+            if delay == 0 || u32::from(delay) >= timeout as u32 {
+                TIMEOUT_DELAY_TEXT.to_owned()
+            } else {
+                format!("{delay}ms")
+            }
+        },
+    );
+    format!("{}   | {delay_text}", member_name(member))
+}
+
 fn create_subcreate_proxy_menu_item(
     app_handle: &AppHandle,
     proxy_mode: &str,
-    proxy_group_order_map: Option<HashMap<String, usize>>,
-    proxy_nodes_data: Option<Proxies>,
-) -> Vec<Submenu<Wry>> {
-    let proxy_submenus: Vec<Submenu<Wry>> = {
-        let mut submenus: Vec<(String, usize, Submenu<Wry>)> = Vec::new();
-
-        // TODO: 应用启动时，内核还未启动完全，无法获取代理节点信息
-        if let Some(proxy_nodes_data) = proxy_nodes_data {
-            for (group_name, group_data) in proxy_nodes_data.proxies.iter() {
-                let should_show = match proxy_mode {
-                    "global" => group_name == "GLOBAL",
-                    _ => group_name != "GLOBAL",
-                } && !group_data.hidden.unwrap_or_default();
-
-                if !should_show {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                let Some(all_proxies) = group_data.all.as_ref() else {
-                    continue;
-                };
-
-                let now_proxy = group_data.now.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
-
-                let group_items: Vec<CheckMenuItem<Wry>> = all_proxies
-                    .iter()
-                    .filter_map(|proxy_str| {
-                        let is_selected = *proxy_str == now_proxy;
-                        let item_id = format!("proxy_{}_{}", group_name, proxy_str);
-
-                        let delay_text = proxy_nodes_data
-                            .proxies
-                            .get(proxy_str)
-                            .and_then(|h| h.history.last())
-                            .map(|h| match h.delay {
-                                0 => "-ms".into(),
-                                delay if delay >= 10000 => "-ms".into(),
-                                _ => format!("{}ms", h.delay),
-                            })
-                            .unwrap_or_else(|| "-ms".into());
-
-                        let display_text = format!("{}   | {}", proxy_str, delay_text);
-
-                        CheckMenuItem::with_id(app_handle, item_id, display_text, true, is_selected, None::<&str>)
-                            .map_err(|e| logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to create proxy menu item: {}", e))
-                            .ok()
-                    })
-                    .collect();
-
-                if group_items.is_empty() {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                let group_display_name = group_name.to_string();
-
-                let group_items_refs: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>> =
-                    group_items.iter().map(|item| item as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>).collect();
-
-                if let Ok(submenu) = Submenu::with_id_and_items(
-                    app_handle,
-                    format!("proxy_group_{}", group_name),
-                    group_display_name,
-                    true,
-                    &group_items_refs,
-                ) {
-                    let insertion_index = submenus.len();
-                    submenus.push((group_name.into(), insertion_index, submenu));
-                } else {
-                    logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to create proxy group submenu: {}", group_name);
-                }
+    view: Option<ProxyViewV1>,
+    latency_items: &mut HashMap<std::string::String, LatencyMenuItem>,
+    texts: &MenuTexts,
+    verge: &IVerge,
+    profiles: &crate::config::IProfiles,
+) -> Vec<Submenu<DynRuntime>> {
+    let Some(view) = view else { return Vec::new() };
+    view.groups
+        .iter()
+        .chain(view.global.iter())
+        .filter_map(|group| {
+            if group.hidden.unwrap_or_default() || (proxy_mode == "global") != (group.name == "GLOBAL") {
+                return None;
             }
-        }
-
-        if let Some(order_map) = proxy_group_order_map.as_ref() {
-            submenus.sort_by(|(name_a, original_index_a, _), (name_b, original_index_b, _)| {
-                match (order_map.get(name_a), order_map.get(name_b)) {
-                    (Some(index_a), Some(index_b)) => index_a.cmp(index_b),
-                    (Some(_), None) => std::cmp::Ordering::Less,
-                    (None, Some(_)) => std::cmp::Ordering::Greater,
-                    (None, None) => original_index_a.cmp(original_index_b),
-                }
-            });
-        }
-
-        submenus.into_iter().map(|(_, _, submenu)| submenu).collect()
-    };
-    proxy_submenus
+            let url = latency::test_url(group, verge, profiles);
+            let proxies: Vec<ProxyLatencyItem> = group
+                .members
+                .iter()
+                .filter_map(|member| {
+                    let name = member_name(member);
+                    let text = proxy_item_text(&view, member, &url, verge);
+                    let checked = group.now.as_deref() == Some(name);
+                    CheckMenuItem::with_id(
+                        app_handle,
+                        format!("proxy_{}_{}", group.name, name),
+                        &text,
+                        true,
+                        checked,
+                        None::<&str>,
+                    )
+                    .map(|item| ProxyLatencyItem {
+                        item,
+                        name: name.to_owned(),
+                        provider_name: member_provider(&view, member).map(str::to_owned),
+                        text,
+                    })
+                    .map_err(|e| logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to create proxy menu item: {e}"))
+                    .ok()
+                })
+                .collect();
+            let group_items: Vec<_> = proxies.iter().map(|proxy| proxy.item.clone()).collect();
+            if group_items.is_empty() {
+                return None;
+            }
+            let running = latency::is_running(&group.name);
+            let test_item = MenuItem::with_id(
+                app_handle,
+                format!("{}_{}", MenuIds::TEST_LATENCY, group.name),
+                if running {
+                    clash_verge_i18n::t!("tray.testingLatency")
+                } else {
+                    texts.test_latency.clone()
+                },
+                !running,
+                None::<&str>,
+            )
+            .ok()?;
+            latency_items.insert(
+                group.name.clone(),
+                LatencyMenuItem {
+                    item: test_item.clone(),
+                    running,
+                    proxies,
+                    provider_state: view.provider_state,
+                },
+            );
+            let separator = PredefinedMenuItem::separator(app_handle).ok()?;
+            let mut items: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>> = vec![&test_item, &separator];
+            items.extend(group_items.iter().map(|item| item as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>));
+            Submenu::with_id_and_items(
+                app_handle,
+                format!("proxy_group_{}", group.name),
+                &group.name,
+                true,
+                &items,
+            )
+            .map_err(|e| logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to create proxy group submenu: {e}"))
+            .ok()
+        })
+        .collect()
 }
 
 fn create_proxy_menu_item(
     app_handle: &AppHandle,
     show_proxy_groups_inline: bool,
-    proxy_submenus: Vec<Submenu<Wry>>,
+    proxy_submenus: Vec<Submenu<DynRuntime>>,
     proxies_text: &str,
 ) -> Result<ProxyMenuItem> {
     let (proxies_submenu, inline_proxy_items) = if show_proxy_groups_inline {
@@ -559,13 +766,13 @@ fn create_proxy_menu_item(
             None,
             proxy_submenus
                 .into_iter()
-                .map(|submenu| Box::new(submenu) as Box<dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>>)
+                .map(|submenu| Box::new(submenu) as Box<dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>>)
                 .collect(),
         )
     } else if !proxy_submenus.is_empty() {
-        let proxy_submenu_refs: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>> = proxy_submenus
+        let proxy_submenu_refs: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>> = proxy_submenus
             .iter()
-            .map(|submenu| submenu as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>)
+            .map(|submenu| submenu as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>)
             .collect();
 
         (
@@ -592,66 +799,53 @@ async fn create_tray_menu(
     tun_mode_available: bool,
     profiles_preview: Vec<IProfilePreview<'_>>,
     options: TrayMenuOptions,
-) -> Result<tauri::menu::Menu<Wry>> {
+) -> Result<(
+    tauri::menu::Menu<DynRuntime>,
+    HashMap<std::string::String, LatencyMenuItem>,
+)> {
     let current_proxy_mode = mode.unwrap_or("");
 
     let mut verge_settings = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
     let fetch_proxy_groups =
         options.include_proxy_groups && verge_settings.tray_proxy_groups_display_mode.as_deref() != Some("disable");
 
-    // TODO: should update tray menu again when it was timeout error
-    let (proxy_nodes_data, runtime_proxy_groups_order) = if fetch_proxy_groups {
-        let proxy_nodes_data =
-            tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_millis(1000), handle::Handle::mihomo().get_proxies())
-                .await
-                .map_or(None, |res| res.ok());
-
-        let runtime = Config::runtime().await.latest_arc();
-        let runtime_proxy_groups_order = runtime.config.as_ref().map(|config| {
-            config
-                .get("proxy-groups")
-                .and_then(|groups| groups.as_sequence())
-                .map(|groups| {
-                    groups
-                        .iter()
-                        .filter_map(|group| group.get("name"))
-                        .filter_map(|name| name.as_str())
-                        .enumerate()
-                        .map(|(index, name)| (name.into(), index))
-                        .collect::<HashMap<String, usize>>()
-                })
-                .unwrap_or_default()
-        });
-
-        (proxy_nodes_data, runtime_proxy_groups_order)
+    // Proxy data must remain optional so a stopped Core cannot roll back unrelated settings.
+    let proxy_view = if fetch_proxy_groups {
+        tokio::time::timeout(
+            Duration::from_millis(1000),
+            cmd::proxy::proxy_view(Some(Duration::from_millis(750))),
+        )
+        .await
+        .ok()
+        .and_then(Result::ok)
     } else {
-        (None, None)
+        None
     };
 
     if fetch_proxy_groups {
         verge_settings = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
     }
 
+    let profiles_config = Config::profiles().await.latest_arc();
+
     let tray_proxy_groups_display_mode = verge_settings
         .tray_proxy_groups_display_mode
         .as_deref()
         .unwrap_or("default");
     let include_proxy_groups = options.include_proxy_groups && tray_proxy_groups_display_mode != "disable";
 
-    let proxy_group_order_map = runtime_proxy_groups_order;
-
     let show_outbound_modes_inline = verge_settings.tray_inline_outbound_modes.unwrap_or(false);
 
     let version = env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION");
 
     let hotkeys = create_hotkeys(&verge_settings.hotkeys);
 
-    let profile_menu_items: Vec<CheckMenuItem<Wry>> = create_profile_menu_item(app_handle, profiles_preview)?;
+    let profile_menu_items: Vec<CheckMenuItem<DynRuntime>> = create_profile_menu_item(app_handle, profiles_preview)?;
 
     let texts = MenuTexts::new();
-    let profile_menu_items_refs: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>> = profile_menu_items
+    let profile_menu_items_refs: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>> = profile_menu_items
         .iter()
-        .map(|item| item as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>)
+        .map(|item| item as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>)
         .collect();
 
     let open_window = &MenuItem::with_id(
@@ -704,9 +898,9 @@ async fn create_tray_menu(
             outbound_modes_label.as_str(),
             true,
             &[
-                rule_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
-                global_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
-                direct_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
+                rule_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
+                global_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
+                direct_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
             ],
         )?)
     };
@@ -719,9 +913,17 @@ async fn create_tray_menu(
         &profile_menu_items_refs,
     )?;
 
+    let mut latency_items = HashMap::new();
     let (proxies_menu, inline_proxy_items) = if include_proxy_groups {
-        let proxy_sub_menus =
-            create_subcreate_proxy_menu_item(app_handle, current_proxy_mode, proxy_group_order_map, proxy_nodes_data);
+        let proxy_sub_menus = create_subcreate_proxy_menu_item(
+            app_handle,
+            current_proxy_mode,
+            proxy_view,
+            &mut latency_items,
+            &texts,
+            &verge_settings,
+            &profiles_config,
+        );
 
         match tray_proxy_groups_display_mode {
             "default" => create_proxy_menu_item(app_handle, false, proxy_sub_menus, &texts.proxies)?,
@@ -811,7 +1013,7 @@ async fn create_tray_menu(
         &texts.more,
         true,
         &[
-            copy_env as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
+            copy_env as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
             close_all_connections,
             restart_clash,
             restart_app,
@@ -828,13 +1030,13 @@ async fn create_tray_menu(
 
     let separator = &PredefinedMenuItem::separator(app_handle)?;
 
-    let mut menu_items: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>> = vec![open_window, separator];
+    let mut menu_items: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>> = vec![open_window, separator];
 
     if show_outbound_modes_inline {
         menu_items.extend_from_slice(&[
-            rule_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
-            global_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
-            direct_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
+            rule_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
+            global_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
+            direct_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
         ]);
     } else if let Some(ref outbound_modes) = outbound_modes {
         menu_items.push(outbound_modes);
@@ -854,21 +1056,36 @@ async fn create_tray_menu(
 
     menu_items.extend_from_slice(&[
         separator,
-        system_proxy as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
-        tun_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
+        system_proxy as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
+        tun_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
         separator,
-        lightweight_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
-        open_dir as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
-        more as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
+        lightweight_mode as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
+        open_dir as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
+        more as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
         separator,
-        quit as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>,
+        quit as &dyn IsMenuItem<DynRuntime>,
     ]);
 
     let menu = tauri::menu::MenuBuilder::new(app_handle).items(&menu_items).build()?;
-    Ok(menu)
+    Ok((menu, latency_items))
 }
 
 fn on_tray_icon_event(_tray_icon: &TrayIcon, tray_event: TrayIconEvent) {
+    let refresh_proxies = match tray_event {
+        TrayIconEvent::Enter { .. } => Tray::global().proxy_hover_limiter.check(),
+        TrayIconEvent::Click {
+            button: MouseButton::Left | MouseButton::Right,
+            button_state: MouseButtonState::Down,
+            ..
+        } => true,
+        _ => false,
+    };
+    if refresh_proxies {
+        AsyncHandler::spawn(|| async {
+            Tray::global().refresh_proxy_items().await;
+        });
+    }
+
     if matches!(
         tray_event,
         TrayIconEvent::Move { .. } | TrayIconEvent::Leave { .. } | TrayIconEvent::Enter { .. }
@@ -990,6 +1207,15 @@ fn on_menu_event(_: &AppHandle, event: MenuEvent) {
                 };
                 feat::toggle_proxy_profile(profile_index.into()).await;
             }
+            id if id.starts_with(MenuIds::TEST_LATENCY) => {
+                let group_name = id
+                    .strip_prefix(MenuIds::TEST_LATENCY)
+                    .and_then(|rest| rest.strip_prefix('_'));
+                if let Some(group_name) = group_name {
+                    logging!(info, Type::Tray, "Tray menu: test group latency {}", group_name);
+                    latency::test_proxy_group_delay(group_name).await;
+                }
+            }
             id if id.starts_with("proxy_") => {
                 let rest = match id.strip_prefix("proxy_") {
                     Some(r) => r,

src-tauri/src/core/tray/speed_task.rs

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ impl TraySpeedController {
 
         let app_handle = handle::Handle::app_handle();
         if let Some(tray) = app_handle.tray_by_id(super::TRAY_ID) {
-            let result = tray.with_inner_tray_icon(|inner| {
+            let result = tray.with_inner_blocking(|inner| {
                 if let Some(status_item) = inner.ns_status_item() {
                     tray_speed::clear_speed_attributed_title(&status_item);
                 }
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ impl TraySpeedController {
     fn apply_tray_speed(up: u64, down: u64) {
         let app_handle = handle::Handle::app_handle();
         if let Some(tray) = app_handle.tray_by_id(super::TRAY_ID) {
-            let result = tray.with_inner_tray_icon(move |inner| {
+            let result = tray.with_inner_blocking(move |inner| {
                 if let Some(status_item) = inner.ns_status_item() {
                     tray_speed::set_speed_attributed_title(&status_item, up, down);
                 }

src-tauri/src/core/updater.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ use std::{
 };
 use tauri_plugin_updater::{Update, UpdaterExt as _};
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 pub struct SilentUpdater {
     update_ready: AtomicBool,
@@ -56,8 +55,8 @@ impl SilentUpdater {
             .with_context(|| format!("failed to write update cache {}", bin_path.display()))?;
 
         let meta = UpdateCacheMeta {
-            version: version.into(),
-            downloaded_at: Utc::now().to_rfc3339().into(),
+            version: version.to_string(),
+            downloaded_at: Utc::now().to_rfc3339(),
         };
         let meta_path = cache_dir.join("pending_update.json");
         std::fs::write(&meta_path, serde_json::to_string_pretty(&meta)?)
@@ -134,8 +133,9 @@ fn verify_signature(app_handle: &tauri::AppHandle, bytes: &[u8], signature: &str
     use base64::Engine as _;
 
     let decode = |value: &str| -> Result<String> {
-        // from_utf8 exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
-        Ok(std::string::String::from_utf8(base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.decode(value)?)?.into())
+        Ok(String::from_utf8(
+            base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.decode(value)?,
+        )?)
     };
     let config: tauri_plugin_updater::Config = serde_json::from_value(
         app_handle

src-tauri/src/core/validate.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 use scopeguard::defer;
 use serde::Serialize;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
     fmt,
     hash::{DefaultHasher, Hash as _, Hasher as _},
@@ -9,7 +10,6 @@ use std::{
 };
 use tauri_plugin_shell::ShellExt as _;
 use tokio::fs;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 use crate::config::Config;
 use crate::core::handle;
@@ -114,8 +114,14 @@ impl fmt::Display for ValidationSkipReason {
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ValidationOutcome {
     Valid,
-    Invalid { kind: ValidationErrorKind, message: String },
-    Skipped { reason: ValidationSkipReason },
+    Invalid {
+        kind: ValidationErrorKind,
+        #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
+        message: String,
+    },
+    Skipped {
+        reason: ValidationSkipReason,
+    },
     Busy,
 }
 

src-tauri/src/enhance/chain.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ use crate::{
     utils::{dirs, help},
 };
 use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tokio::fs;
-use tristr::alias::String;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ChainItem {

src-tauri/src/enhance/field.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
-use tristr::alias::String;
+use smartstring::alias::String;
 
 pub const HANDLE_FIELDS: [&str; 12] = [
     "mode",