chore(deps): update cargo dependencies

2026-10-22 19:52:14 +08:00 · 2026-10-11 16:08:28 +00:00
155 changed files with 3557 additions and 3874 deletions
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@

  "features": {
    "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/node:2": {
-      "version": "24.22.0",
-      "pnpmVersion": "12.14.0"
+      "version": "24.21.0",
+      "pnpmVersion": "12.10.1"
    },
    "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/rust:1": {
-      "version": "1.99.1",
+      "version": "1.99.0",
      "profile": "default"
    },
    "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/git:1": {},
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust Stable
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
        with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
          targets: ${{ matrix.target }}

      - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
          cache: 'pnpm'

      - name: Pnpm Cache
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Add Rust Target
        run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
          rustup target list --installed
          echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."

@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust Stable
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
        with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
          targets: ${{ matrix.target }}

      - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
          cache: 'pnpm'

      - name: Pnpm Cache
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Add Rust Target
        run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
          rustup target list --installed
          echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."

@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
          cache: 'pnpm'

      - name: Pnpm Cache
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Add Rust Target
        run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
          rustup target list --installed
          echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."

@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6.1.0
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Install Rust Stable
        if: github.event.inputs[matrix.input] == 'true'
-        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.99.1
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.99.0

      - name: Rust Cache
        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ jobs:
        if: github.event.inputs[matrix.input] == 'true'
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
          cache: 'pnpm'

      - name: Pnpm Cache
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ jobs:
        if: github.event.inputs[matrix.input] == 'true'
        run: |
          # Ensure cross target is installed for the pinned toolchain; fallback without explicit toolchain if needed
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
          rustup target list --installed
          echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ on:

 permissions:
  contents: read
-  pull-requests: read

 env:
  HUSKY: 0
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
          cache: 'pnpm'

      - name: Restore pnpm cache
@@ -100,7 +99,14 @@ jobs:
        id: check_inputs
        uses: dorny/paths-filter@v4
        with:
-          filters: scripts/contract-inputs.json
+          filters: |
+            contract:
+              - 'src/services/contract.ts'
+              - 'scripts/gen-contract.mjs'
+              - 'src-tauri/src/core/notify/**'
+              - 'src-tauri/src/bin/**'
+              - 'src-tauri/src/lib.rs'
+              - '.github/workflows/frontend-check.yml'

      - name: Skip if contract inputs unchanged
        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract != 'true'
@@ -138,7 +144,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'
          cache: 'pnpm'

      - run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
@@ -153,6 +159,8 @@ jobs:
            touch "src-tauri/sidecar/${bin}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
          done

-      - name: Check generated contract without changing the checkout
+      - name: Regenerate contract and require empty diff
        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
-        run: pnpm gen:contract --check
+        run: |
+          pnpm gen:contract
+          git diff --exit-code -- src/services/contract.ts
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust Stable
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
        with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
          targets: ${{ matrix.target }}

      - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Add Rust Target
        run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
          rustup target list --installed
          echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."

@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust Stable
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
        with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
          targets: ${{ matrix.target }}

      - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - name: Install pnpm
        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Add Rust Target
        run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
          rustup target list --installed
          echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."

@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust Stable
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
        with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
          targets: ${{ matrix.target }}

      - name: Add Rust Target
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Add Rust Target
        run: |
-          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.1 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
+          rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }} --toolchain 1.99.0 || rustup target add ${{ matrix.target }}
          rustup target list --installed
          echo "Rust target ${{ matrix.target }} installed."

@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
        with:
-          toolchain: '1.99.1'
+          toolchain: '1.99.0'
          targets: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc

      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - name: Install pnpm
        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v7
        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.0'
+          node-version: '24.21.0'

      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        name: Install pnpm
@@ -5,5 +5,4 @@ if ! command -v "cargo-make" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  cargo install --force cargo-make
 fi

-node scripts/check-contract-changes.mjs --push "$1" || exit $?
 cargo make pre-push
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-nodejs 24.22.0
-pnpm 12.14.0
-rust 1.99.1
+nodejs 24.21.0
+pnpm 12.10.1
+rust 1.99.0
@@ -2,12 +2,6 @@
 # It is not intended for manual editing.
 version = 4

-[[package]]
-name = "Inflector"
-version = "0.11.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fe438c63458706e03479442743baae6c88256498e6431708f6dfc520a26515d3"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "adler2"
 version = "2.0.1"
@@ -1119,7 +1113,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "getrandom 0.4.3",
 "libc",
 "log",
- "minisign-verify 0.3.0",
+ "minisign-verify",
 "nanoid",
 "network-interface",
 "objc2",
@@ -1131,18 +1125,16 @@ dependencies = [
 "regex",
 "reqwest 0.13.5",
 "reqwest_dav",
- "rfd",
+ "rfd 0.17.2",
 "runas",
 "rustls",
 "scopeguard",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "serde_yaml_ng",
- "sha2 0.11.1",
+ "sha2 0.11.0",
 "smartstring",
 "socket2",
- "specta",
- "specta-typescript",
 "sysproxy",
 "tauri",
 "tauri-build",
@@ -1163,7 +1155,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "tauri-plugin-updater",
 "tauri-plugin-wdio-webdriver",
 "tauri-plugin-window-state",
- "tauri-specta",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-rustls",
 "tokio-stream",
@@ -1175,7 +1166,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "windows-service",
 "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 "winreg 0.56.0",
- "zip 9.0.4",
+ "zip 9.0.1",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -1222,7 +1213,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "rust_iso3166",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
- "specta",
 "tokio",
 ]

@@ -1247,7 +1237,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "once_cell",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
- "sha2 0.11.1",
+ "sha2 0.11.0",
 "strum",
 "strum_macros",
 "sysproxy",
@@ -1462,12 +1452,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "constant_time_eq"
-version = "0.6.1"
+version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9eb6feb175df65d0a3ccd3e73484e940d0ac664e8034f0519fd49a93db3071d9"
-dependencies = [
- "rustversion",
-]
+checksum = "3d52eff69cd5e647efe296129160853a42795992097e8af39800e1060caeea9b"

 [[package]]
 name = "cookie"
@@ -3954,9 +3941,9 @@ checksum = "34b357333733e8260735ba5894eb928c02ecc69c78715f01a8019e7fa7f2db4c"

 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.191"
+version = "0.2.190"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "65cd87c9a6d60536580b316ad985726104730a5151c99845f2490428ef91240a"
+checksum = "ce5d3ddc6d3fa000eb1536d85e147bfe31aacaba692ed6a876f95cb7c855be78"

 [[package]]
 name = "libdbus-sys"
@@ -4051,11 +4038,11 @@ checksum = "112b39cec0b298b6c1999fee3e31427f74f676e4cb9879ed1a121b43661a4154"

 [[package]]
 name = "lzma-rust2"
-version = "0.22.0"
+version = "0.21.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7277c9742229dc25243236d578b6471a798c554512c6f6a04365ec2e87c2a3bb"
+checksum = "fde178a3caf126c440fa15628147772d8ee590a39477d711353fbe2e58a73a5b"
 dependencies = [
- "sha2 0.11.1",
+ "sha2 0.11.0",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -4170,12 +4157,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "unicase",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "minisign-verify"
-version = "0.2.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "22f9645cb765ea72b8111f36c522475d2daa0d22c957a9826437e97534bc4e9e"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "minisign-verify"
 version = "0.3.0"
@@ -5346,9 +5327,9 @@ checksum = "439ee305def115ba05938db6eb1644ff94165c5ab5e9420d1c1bcedbba909391"

 [[package]]
 name = "ppmd-rust"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "196a7c80b9a7652aba7cc070827516c2abe4ccdf53d128e1944003cf5726cff1"
+checksum = "efca4c95a19a79d1c98f791f10aebd5c1363b473244630bb7dbde1dc98455a24"

 [[package]]
 name = "ppv-lite86"
@@ -5912,6 +5893,29 @@ dependencies = [
 "windows-sys 0.60.2",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "rfd"
+version = "0.17.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "20dafead71c16a34e1ff357ddefc8afc11e7d51d6d2b9fbd07eaa48e3e540220"
+dependencies = [
+ "block2",
+ "dispatch2",
+ "js-sys",
+ "libc",
+ "log",
+ "objc2",
+ "objc2-app-kit",
+ "objc2-core-foundation",
+ "objc2-foundation",
+ "percent-encoding",
+ "raw-window-handle",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "wasm-bindgen-futures",
+ "web-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ring"
 version = "0.17.14"
@@ -6070,9 +6074,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "rustls"
-version = "0.23.46"
+version = "0.23.45"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "48e13bd8c0e9365c43cfa5c9e8f9ad49d3c8444926c9aac819e0e4dc503c8fdf"
+checksum = "0d41d731c7d2f962d1ccc364cec258de3c0e93b38c2fb3ba97ac74513048d634"
 dependencies = [
 "aws-lc-rs",
 "log",
@@ -6600,9 +6604,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "sha2"
-version = "0.11.1"
+version = "0.11.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "47d7069beb7d6ac7b9acd1039986e73443f24234f41074da099d6f994ac9ad19"
+checksum = "446ba717509524cb3f22f17ecc096f10f4822d76ab5c0b9822c5f9c284e825f4"
 dependencies = [
 "cfg-if",
 "cpufeatures 0.3.0",
@@ -6625,7 +6629,6 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1e362d9935bc50f019969e2f9ecd66786612daae13e8f277be7bfb66e8bed3f7"
 dependencies = [
 "libc",
- "sigchld",
 "windows-sys 0.60.2",
 ]

@@ -6645,17 +6648,6 @@ version = "2.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f8fadd59c855ef2080decdef8ff161eb6661b86933c9d82e5ba29dc602a55aba"

-[[package]]
-name = "sigchld"
-version = "0.2.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "47106eded3c154e70176fc83df9737335c94ce22f821c32d17ed1db1f83badb1"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
- "os_pipe",
- "signal-hook 0.3.18",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "signal-hook"
 version = "0.1.17"
@@ -6666,16 +6658,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "signal-hook-registry",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "signal-hook"
-version = "0.3.18"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d881a16cf4426aa584979d30bd82cb33429027e42122b169753d6ef1085ed6e2"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
- "signal-hook-registry",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "signal-hook-registry"
 version = "1.4.8"
@@ -6817,58 +6799,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "system-deps 6.2.2",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "specta"
-version = "2.0.0-rc.25"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "38f9a30cbcbb7011f1da7d73483983bf838af123883e45f2b36ed76328df9c50"
-dependencies = [
- "paste",
- "rustc_version 0.4.1",
- "serde_json",
- "specta-macros",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "specta-macros"
-version = "2.0.0-rc.25"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2ce14957ecc2897f1f848b8255b6531d13ddf49cbcf506b7c2c9fb1d005593bb"
-dependencies = [
- "Inflector",
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.119",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "specta-serde"
-version = "0.0.12"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ee8a72b755ddb8949fd8f17c5db43f0e8a806ea587d9bc602ee3f73240c00029"
-dependencies = [
- "specta",
- "specta-macros",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "specta-typescript"
-version = "0.0.12"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "639404ee95557f2f8b7e4cb773ffefd45304c7ab8ba21ac83b69051595e083c0"
-dependencies = [
- "specta",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "specta-util"
-version = "0.0.12"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "29b1fc02b446f7244a92924fe68c0555921209f1d342990cd1539e9138e69502"
-dependencies = [
- "specta",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "stable_deref_trait"
 version = "1.2.1"
@@ -6940,9 +6870,9 @@ checksum = "13c2bddecc57b384dee18652358fb23172facb8a2c51ccc10d74c157bdea3292"

 [[package]]
 name = "swift-rs"
-version = "1.0.8"
+version = "1.0.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e45c444e496845d3f2a351146bff59aae4975b2280238df1dfaa0c7d1846f38e"
+checksum = "cefd87076fd385308ee4aff597256c902f1fbb4d031de1558efc12f8ffefadd9"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.21.7",
 "serde",
@@ -7189,9 +7119,9 @@ checksum = "adb6935a6f5c20170eeceb1a3835a49e12e19d792f6dd344ccc76a985ca5a6ca"

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri"
-version = "2.12.1"
+version = "2.12.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ed99ee9694a2deb776d91cae48ac7411ddfc89ecae2f9b5041111d8c88f2ace9"
+checksum = "c404ecf956ff241bf6b39dd688614724e1bf1f63255abb4fc46d1c40371672ea"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "bytes",
@@ -7224,7 +7154,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "serde_json",
 "serde_repr",
 "serialize-to-javascript",
- "specta",
 "swift-rs",
 "tauri-build",
 "tauri-macros",
@@ -7237,16 +7166,16 @@ dependencies = [
 "tray-icon",
 "url",
 "webkit2gtk",
- "webview2-com 0.39.1",
+ "webview2-com",
 "window-vibrancy",
 "windows 0.62.2",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-build"
-version = "2.7.1"
+version = "2.7.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "59563ca5b331fd97f27ee9672ec8d36d33bb3c9e2c9f6710a1a5687256052e45"
+checksum = "2eea0b6302f82c574b21af6fc6ae6e86183b9280853c22621d0abf0936911ffc"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "cargo_toml",
@@ -7265,11 +7194,11 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-codegen"
-version = "2.7.1"
+version = "2.7.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e50213e463086ecc283d7e9f51c30cc0fd304ad457425158018be26dbf0d0a80"
+checksum = "02f468f9a9bcd404f57e5c191d91024e3de953d4b610f78c2907e7110615cb1c"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.22.1",
+ "base64 0.23.1",
 "brotli",
 "ico",
 "json-patch",
@@ -7292,9 +7221,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-macros"
-version = "2.7.1"
+version = "2.7.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8129fb43bb6e0d6b73ad3315cd172beaab17cd28899c594b1b32c80edbbfd99c"
+checksum = "131bffec939b20642380317f8403a33c8888489925e14bb965ceaff0d949b1cb"
 dependencies = [
 "heck 0.5.0",
 "proc-macro2",
@@ -7342,7 +7271,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "libc",
 "parking_lot",
 "serde",
- "specta",
 "sysinfo",
 "tauri",
 "tauri-plugin-clipboard-manager",
@@ -7350,9 +7278,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-clipboard-manager"
-version = "2.4.1"
+version = "2.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "333d3b6beeb1c2c7fc040233d4ea7b6c03a9f8f039592b7400833c43fb5b568a"
+checksum = "640d0789c9db02265a800fded60520df5a3baa4a1b5f40715b83d58842c24fcb"
 dependencies = [
 "arboard",
 "log",
@@ -7413,13 +7341,13 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-dialog"
-version = "2.8.1"
+version = "2.8.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "daf9a5c92e39bdd84f22f6be9230e39d0c4e140345f71ffe6058dca4f71127cf"
+checksum = "3dca325d6e66e9170f2e1b9631722e4e544bcbc51781575d266abdaba697bd51"
 dependencies = [
 "log",
 "raw-window-handle",
- "rfd",
+ "rfd 0.16.0",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "tauri",
@@ -7431,9 +7359,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-fs"
-version = "2.6.0"
+version = "2.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "466eb32466fe5021b6728b06862f9ff14a9f7e1af890047654e03a96d7c0e1bb"
+checksum = "213fae2d85d4b76b06de5915d1862db9fa74541171f9d2c15da6ac9bd6e788c6"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "dunce",
@@ -7455,9 +7383,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-global-shortcut"
-version = "2.4.0"
+version = "2.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0bd2e1f725891a1613af8f25bf918ba3357654b0fd3f2d794c0ce76cbdd92ed2"
+checksum = "93ff17919fe09852d269bd37b1d3d2e993b9dbb514afe7acbf3346c1d3627e2d"
 dependencies = [
 "global-hotkey",
 "log",
@@ -7470,9 +7398,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-http"
-version = "2.8.0"
+version = "2.8.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "93e9d6b3319e101bc1be27cfa0fb4054d7784a12509c67ead0033b82180e5ed1"
+checksum = "46f1afc4200ba2e8b596c378d5756d0056febf8755f1563633d98f6bd7fffb2f"
 dependencies = [
 "bytes",
 "cookie_store",
@@ -7489,13 +7417,13 @@ dependencies = [
 "thiserror 2.0.20",
 "tokio",
 "url",
- "urlpattern 0.3.0",
+ "urlpattern",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-mihomo"
 version = "0.6.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/tauri-plugin-mihomo?rev=7a03d16f4d39b1bb885b7babe66b9e153e34b615#7a03d16f4d39b1bb885b7babe66b9e153e34b615"
+source = "git+https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/tauri-plugin-mihomo?branch=main#7a03d16f4d39b1bb885b7babe66b9e153e34b615"
 dependencies = [
 "arc-swap",
 "clashmap",
@@ -7519,9 +7447,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-notification"
-version = "2.5.1"
+version = "2.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "533770889abb60a0407d5a32096182f0e6463f5a3dfaa675be94580aa14070e1"
+checksum = "8cf3cce3ea492b3a8a7f431a4e5dd5d31dc41b2a4a243faa660cbe8095a577bd"
 dependencies = [
 "log",
 "notify-rust",
@@ -7534,13 +7462,14 @@ dependencies = [
 "thiserror 2.0.20",
 "time",
 "url",
+ "zbus",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-opener"
-version = "2.7.0"
+version = "2.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d39404b2572927e0d3ed30a7ca226037f7508d22e79c96ee6ef0d42b6a4b3345"
+checksum = "85dead674ee41937d042ee855d785f07ee67206f19402200c12b9255964d5ac8"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "glob",
@@ -7570,11 +7499,12 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-shell"
-version = "2.4.0"
+version = "2.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "094bdbc47e5efe36544ba21b3a53ab5c724150236cf55e6c9be46191deb6eab6"
+checksum = "8567d42b2c7264355daa1df415ec77f52aa42e885924c86a969be2e920e05521"
 dependencies = [
 "encoding_rs",
+ "libc",
 "log",
 "open",
 "os_pipe",
@@ -7587,13 +7517,14 @@ dependencies = [
 "tauri-plugin",
 "thiserror 2.0.20",
 "tokio",
+ "windows-sys 0.60.2",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-updater"
-version = "2.13.1"
+version = "2.13.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3cb0b2ea3e85ca287990d3859a29cc5cb18024240fd78f62e027fb7963670f18"
+checksum = "855a336eb389d2c1502244fd48fa2d8cb487a430f691bbaed025195f99a04489"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "dirs 7.0.0",
@@ -7601,8 +7532,9 @@ dependencies = [
 "futures-util",
 "http",
 "infer",
+ "libc",
 "log",
- "minisign-verify 0.2.5",
+ "minisign-verify",
 "osakit",
 "percent-encoding",
 "reqwest 0.13.5",
@@ -7624,9 +7556,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-wdio-webdriver"
-version = "1.4.0"
+version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "52c5e97428174a52b7f4357bbc4535fcce52c6a06c8ee7a379502f7cda1b6045"
+checksum = "4f76676d510d271d80abcf8b0552987b5b4f0eae5e3f906e9b5660d43c97c62e"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "axum",
@@ -7650,9 +7582,9 @@ dependencies = [
 "tracing",
 "uuid",
 "webkit2gtk",
- "webview2-com 0.38.2",
- "windows 0.61.3",
- "windows-core 0.61.2",
+ "webview2-com",
+ "windows 0.62.2",
+ "windows-core 0.62.2",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -7691,7 +7623,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "thiserror 2.0.20",
 "url",
 "webkit2gtk",
- "webview2-com 0.39.1",
+ "webview2-com",
 "windows 0.62.2",
 ]

@@ -7717,42 +7649,11 @@ dependencies = [
 "tracing",
 "url",
 "webkit2gtk",
- "webview2-com 0.39.1",
+ "webview2-com",
 "windows 0.62.2",
 "wry",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "tauri-specta"
-version = "2.0.0-rc.25"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ee080f36d2ac17ce2f3a82fb53f02d664e8345457de51b56dad3c394dacc41a2"
-dependencies = [
- "heck 0.5.0",
- "serde",
- "serde_json",
- "specta",
- "specta-serde",
- "specta-typescript",
- "specta-util",
- "tauri",
- "tauri-specta-macros",
- "thiserror 2.0.20",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "tauri-specta-macros"
-version = "2.0.0-rc.25"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6a59dfdce06c98d8d211619bea5fdb39486d8a8c558e12b2d2ce255972320012"
-dependencies = [
- "darling",
- "heck 0.5.0",
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.119",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-utils"
 version = "2.10.1"
@@ -7786,7 +7687,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "thiserror 2.0.20",
 "toml 1.1.6+spec-1.1.0",
 "url",
- "urlpattern 0.6.0",
+ "urlpattern",
 "uuid",
 "walkdir",
 ]
@@ -7905,7 +7806,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "regex",
 "semver 0.11.0",
 "sha2 0.9.9",
- "signal-hook 0.1.17",
+ "signal-hook",
 "terminfo",
 "termios",
 "thiserror 1.0.69",
@@ -8076,9 +7977,9 @@ checksum = "1f3ccbac311fea05f86f61904b462b55fb3df8837a366dfc601a0161d0532f20"

 [[package]]
 name = "tokio"
-version = "1.53.3"
+version = "1.53.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ce3335fa71841cda333a58d7615b03901380ecf09d59b3296d21f8bbac0dde4e"
+checksum = "e95f91fcc7a621e8b030f6aa23c71fe9838ae2fb4d8118b75602a328f5144044"
 dependencies = [
 "bytes",
 "libc",
@@ -8595,47 +8496,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "unic-char-property"
-version = "0.9.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a8c57a407d9b6fa02b4795eb81c5b6652060a15a7903ea981f3d723e6c0be221"
-dependencies = [
- "unic-char-range",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "unic-char-range"
-version = "0.9.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0398022d5f700414f6b899e10b8348231abf9173fa93144cbc1a43b9793c1fbc"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "unic-common"
-version = "0.9.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "80d7ff825a6a654ee85a63e80f92f054f904f21e7d12da4e22f9834a4aaa35bc"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "unic-ucd-ident"
-version = "0.9.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e230a37c0381caa9219d67cf063aa3a375ffed5bf541a452db16e744bdab6987"
-dependencies = [
- "unic-char-property",
- "unic-char-range",
- "unic-ucd-version",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "unic-ucd-version"
-version = "0.9.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "96bd2f2237fe450fcd0a1d2f5f4e91711124f7857ba2e964247776ebeeb7b0c4"
-dependencies = [
- "unic-common",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "unicase"
 version = "2.9.0"
@@ -8695,18 +8555,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "serde_derive",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "urlpattern"
-version = "0.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "70acd30e3aa1450bc2eece896ce2ad0d178e9c079493819301573dae3c37ba6d"
-dependencies = [
- "regex",
- "serde",
- "unic-ucd-ident",
- "url",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "urlpattern"
 version = "0.6.0"
@@ -9098,20 +8946,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "rustls-pki-types",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "webview2-com"
-version = "0.38.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7130243a7a5b33c54a444e54842e6a9e133de08b5ad7b5861cd8ed9a6a5bc96a"
-dependencies = [
- "webview2-com-macros",
- "webview2-com-sys 0.38.2",
- "windows 0.61.3",
- "windows-core 0.61.2",
- "windows-implement",
- "windows-interface",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "webview2-com"
 version = "0.39.1"
@@ -9119,7 +8953,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3f89fca7a704cee10dcb3654c1dbb8941d1783132f1917358af75bec37a7d7e6"
 dependencies = [
 "webview2-com-macros",
- "webview2-com-sys 0.39.1",
+ "webview2-com-sys",
 "windows 0.62.2",
 "windows-core 0.62.2",
 ]
@@ -9135,17 +8969,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "syn 2.0.119",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "webview2-com-sys"
-version = "0.38.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "381336cfffd772377d291702245447a5251a2ffa5bad679c99e61bc48bacbf9c"
-dependencies = [
- "thiserror 2.0.20",
- "windows 0.61.3",
- "windows-core 0.61.2",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "webview2-com-sys"
 version = "0.39.1"
@@ -9885,7 +9708,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "url",
 "webkit2gtk",
 "webkit2gtk-sys",
- "webview2-com 0.39.1",
+ "webview2-com",
 "windows 0.62.2",
 "windows-core 0.62.2",
 "windows-version",
@@ -10153,9 +9976,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "zip"
-version = "9.0.4"
+version = "9.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a954114b47a54df49f83d2722814e86b23d4bb1b54a1b90fb7d92b41619ddc22"
+checksum = "e49ade69c4434c55dd651d36fe05f38e0578db948b773cbc01c48c4b5e560692"
 dependencies = [
 "aes",
 "bzip2",
@@ -10205,27 +10028,27 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "zstd"
-version = "0.14.3"
+version = "0.13.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "db3ae9bf90af6e40197bef767eeefc46ad6397420fe873830bd85e5fbbfb3c70"
+checksum = "e91ee311a569c327171651566e07972200e76fcfe2242a4fa446149a3881c08a"
 dependencies = [
 "zstd-safe",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "zstd-safe"
-version = "8.2.0"
+version = "7.2.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ded520f16b29e1a9b771c722221b2b0a0398c2316d9bb3c42b458a5414d7434b"
+checksum = "8f49c4d5f0abb602a93fb8736af2a4f4dd9512e36f7f570d66e65ff867ed3b9d"
 dependencies = [
 "zstd-sys",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "zstd-sys"
-version = "2.1.2+zstd.1.5.7"
+version = "2.0.16+zstd.1.5.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "481ada9c543b2323cbb7bbdbb5249177fbf0188ed959ed2c15e4b22421c84ed3"
+checksum = "91e19ebc2adc8f83e43039e79776e3fda8ca919132d68a1fed6a5faca2683748"
 dependencies = [
 "cc",
 "pkg-config",
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ tracing-estuary = { git = "https://github.com/Tunglies/tracing-estuary.git", bra
 tauri-plugin-clash-verge-sysinfo = { path = "crates/tauri-plugin-clash-verge-sysinfo" }
 tracing = "0.1.44"

-tauri = { version = "2.12.1" }
-tauri-plugin-clipboard-manager = "2.4.1"
+tauri = { version = "2.12.3" }
+tauri-plugin-clipboard-manager = "2.4.2"
 parking_lot = { version = "0.12.5", features = ["hardware-lock-elision"] }
 anyhow = "1.0.104"
 chrono = "0.4.45"
 criterion = { version = "0.8.2", features = ["async_tokio"] }
-tokio = { version = "1.53.3", features = [
+tokio = { version = "1.53.2", features = [
  "rt-multi-thread",
  "macros",
  "time",
@@ -3,14 +3,7 @@
 <details>
 <summary><strong> 🐞 修复问题 </strong></summary>

- 修复托盘测速与代理页行为不一致的问题，移除托盘「测试延迟」入口
- 修复通过 URL 导入订阅时，即使导入的订阅并非当前使用的订阅，也会重新加载当前配置
- 修复 首页 网站测速失败后卡片一直显示测试中
- 修复 代理 页展开分组后不显示最新测速结果，需切换节点才刷新
-
-**🐧 Linux**
-
- Linux：修复 deb/rpm 安装包错误包含多余的 `frontend-contract` 可执行文件，导致下游重新打包失败的问题
+- 修复通过 URL 导入订阅时，即使导入的订阅并非当前使用的订阅，也会重新加载当前配置的问题

 </details>

@@ -23,7 +16,6 @@
 <details>
 <summary><strong> 🚀 优化改进 </strong></summary>

- 优化「链式代理」：开启前需确认网速影响提示，空面板新增「关闭」按钮

 **🖥️ Windows**

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: عام
  profiles: الملفات التعريفية
  proxies: وكلاء
+  testLatency: اختبار التأخير
+  testingLatency: جارٍ اختبار التأخير…
  systemProxy: وكيل النظام
  tunMode: وضع TUN
  closeAllConnections: إغلاق كل الاتصالات
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: Global
  profiles: Profile
  proxies: Proxy
+  testLatency: Latenz testen
+  testingLatency: Latenz wird getestet…
  systemProxy: Systemproxy
  tunMode: TUN-Modus
  closeAllConnections: Alle Verbindungen schließen
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: Global
  profiles: Profiles
  proxies: Proxies
+  testLatency: Test Latency
+  testingLatency: Testing latency…
  systemProxy: System Proxy
  tunMode: TUN Mode
  closeAllConnections: Close All Connections
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: Global
  profiles: Perfiles
  proxies: Proxies
+  testLatency: Probar latencia
+  testingLatency: Probando latencia…
  systemProxy: Proxy del sistema
  tunMode: Modo TUN
  closeAllConnections: Cerrar todas las conexiones
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: سراسری
  profiles: پروفایل‌ها
  proxies: پروکسی‌ها
+  testLatency: آزمایش تأخیر
+  testingLatency: در حال آزمایش تأخیر…
  systemProxy: پروکسی سیستم
  tunMode: حالت TUN
  closeAllConnections: بستن همه اتصال‌ها
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: Global
  profiles: Profil
  proxies: Proksi
+  testLatency: Uji Latensi
+  testingLatency: Menguji latensi…
  systemProxy: Proksi Sistem
  tunMode: Mode TUN
  closeAllConnections: Tutup Semua Koneksi
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: グローバル
  profiles: プロファイル
  proxies: プロキシ
+  testLatency: 遅延テスト
+  testingLatency: 遅延をテスト中…
  systemProxy: システムプロキシ
  tunMode: TUN モード
  closeAllConnections: すべての接続を閉じる
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: 글로벌
  profiles: 프로필
  proxies: 프록시
+  testLatency: 지연 테스트
+  testingLatency: 지연 테스트 중…
  systemProxy: 시스템 프록시
  tunMode: TUN 모드
  closeAllConnections: 모든 연결 닫기
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: Global
  profiles: Perfis
  proxies: Proxies
+  testLatency: Test Latency
+  testingLatency: Testing latency…
  systemProxy: Proxy do sistema
  tunMode: Modo TUN
  closeAllConnections: Fechar todas as conexões
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: Глобальный
  profiles: Профили
  proxies: Прокси
+  testLatency: Проверить задержку
+  testingLatency: Проверка задержки…
  systemProxy: Системный прокси
  tunMode: Режим TUN
  closeAllConnections: Закрыть все соединения
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: Küresel
  profiles: Profiller
  proxies: Vekil'ler
+  testLatency: Gecikmeyi Test Et
+  testingLatency: Gecikme test ediliyor…
  systemProxy: Sistem Vekil'i
  tunMode: TUN Modu
  closeAllConnections: Tüm Bağlantıları Kapat
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: Глобаль
  profiles: Профильләр
  proxies: Проксилар
+  testLatency: Кичектерүне тикшерү
+  testingLatency: Кичектерү тикшерелә…
  systemProxy: Системалы прокси
  tunMode: TUN режимы
  closeAllConnections: Барлык тоташуларны ябу
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: 全局
  profiles: 订阅
  proxies: 代理
+  testLatency: 测试延迟
+  testingLatency: 正在测试延迟…
  systemProxy: 系统代理
  tunMode: TUN 模式
  closeAllConnections: 关闭所有连接
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ tray:
  global: 全域
  profiles: 訂閱
  proxies: 代理
+  testLatency: 測試延遲
+  testingLatency: 正在測試延遲…
  systemProxy: 系統代理
  tunMode: 虛擬網路介面卡模式
  closeAllConnections: 關閉所有連線
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"

 [dependencies]
-specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.25", features = ["derive", "function"] }
 clash-verge-logging = { workspace = true }
 chrono = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true }
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

 use super::utils::{country_code_to_emoji, get_local_date_string};

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct UnlockItem {
    pub name: String,
    pub status: String,
@@ -1,15 +1,3 @@
-//! Linux-only termination signal bridge.
-//!
-//! Upstream Tauri delivers session-end and termination events to the app on
-//! Windows and macOS, but has no equivalent on Linux: a desktop session may
-//! end without any window or run event reaching the process. Linux builds
-//! keep this crate to listen for SIGTERM, SIGINT and SIGHUP and forward them
-//! to the app quit flow, so system proxy and TUN cleanup still runs before
-//! the process dies. Non-Linux builds compile this crate to nothing and must
-//! not depend on it.
-
-#![cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-
 use std::sync::{
    OnceLock,
    atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
@@ -17,13 +5,20 @@ use std::sync::{

 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};

+#[cfg(unix)]
 mod unix;
+#[cfg(windows)]
+mod windows;

 pub(crate) static RUNTIME: OnceLock<Option<tokio::runtime::Runtime>> = OnceLock::new();
 pub(crate) static SHUTDOWN_LATCH: ShutdownLatch = ShutdownLatch::new();

-/// Serializes signal-triggered cleanups: a signal arriving while a quit
-/// attempt is still in flight is dropped instead of overlapping it.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub enum ShutdownOutcome {
+    Committed,
+    Canceled,
+}
+
 pub(crate) struct ShutdownLatch {
    is_cleaning_up: AtomicBool,
 }
@@ -41,18 +36,17 @@ impl ShutdownLatch {
            .is_ok()
    }

-    fn finish(&self) {
-        self.is_cleaning_up.store(false, Ordering::Release);
+    fn finish(&self, outcome: ShutdownOutcome) {
+        if matches!(outcome, ShutdownOutcome::Canceled) {
+            self.is_cleaning_up.store(false, Ordering::Release);
+        }
    }
 }

-/// Spawns the Linux signal loop on a dedicated runtime so it survives the
-/// teardown of any app-owned runtime. The handler runs once per accepted
-/// signal; the quit flow it invokes owns the exit-or-cancel decision.
 pub fn register<F, Fut>(f: F)
 where
    F: Fn() -> Fut + Send + Sync + 'static,
-    Fut: Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static,
+    Fut: Future<Output = ShutdownOutcome> + Send + 'static,
 {
    RUNTIME.get_or_init(|| match tokio::runtime::Runtime::new() {
        Ok(rt) => Some(rt),
@@ -67,22 +61,36 @@ where
        }
    });

+    #[cfg(unix)]
    unix::register(f);
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    windows::register(f);
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use super::ShutdownLatch;
+    use super::{ShutdownLatch, ShutdownOutcome};

    #[test]
-    fn finished_attempt_releases_latch_for_the_next_signal() {
+    fn canceled_shutdown_releases_latch_and_permits_next_attempt() {
        let latch = ShutdownLatch::new();

        assert!(latch.try_begin());
        assert!(!latch.try_begin());

-        latch.finish();
+        latch.finish(ShutdownOutcome::Canceled);

        assert!(latch.try_begin());
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn committed_shutdown_retains_latch_and_suppresses_repeats() {
+        let latch = ShutdownLatch::new();
+
+        assert!(latch.try_begin());
+        latch.finish(ShutdownOutcome::Committed);
+
+        assert!(!latch.try_begin());
+    }
 }
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use tokio::signal::unix::{SignalKind, signal};

-use crate::{RUNTIME, SHUTDOWN_LATCH};
+use crate::{RUNTIME, SHUTDOWN_LATCH, ShutdownOutcome};

 pub fn register<F, Fut>(f: F)
 where
    F: Fn() -> Fut + Send + Sync + 'static,
-    Fut: Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static,
+    Fut: Future<Output = ShutdownOutcome> + Send + 'static,
 {
    if let Some(Some(rt)) = RUNTIME.get() {
        rt.spawn(async move {
@@ -60,8 +60,7 @@ where
                }
                logging!(info, Type::SystemSignal, "Caught signal {}", signal_name);

-                f().await;
-                SHUTDOWN_LATCH.finish();
+                SHUTDOWN_LATCH.finish(f().await);
            }
        });
    } else {
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
+use tokio::signal::windows;
+
+use crate::{RUNTIME, SHUTDOWN_LATCH, ShutdownOutcome};
+
+pub fn register<F, Fut>(f: F)
+where
+    F: Fn() -> Fut + Send + Sync + 'static,
+    Fut: Future<Output = ShutdownOutcome> + Send + 'static,
+{
+    if let Some(Some(rt)) = RUNTIME.get() {
+        rt.spawn(async move {
+            let mut ctrl_c = match windows::ctrl_c() {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    logging!(error, Type::SystemSignal, "Failed to register Ctrl+C: {}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            let mut ctrl_close = match windows::ctrl_close() {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    logging!(error, Type::SystemSignal, "Failed to register Ctrl+Close: {}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            let mut ctrl_shutdown = match windows::ctrl_shutdown() {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    logging!(error, Type::SystemSignal, "Failed to register Ctrl+Shutdown: {}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            let mut ctrl_logoff = match windows::ctrl_logoff() {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    logging!(error, Type::SystemSignal, "Failed to register Ctrl+Logoff: {}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            loop {
+                let signal_name;
+                tokio::select! {
+                    _ = ctrl_c.recv() => {
+                        signal_name = "Ctrl+C";
+                    }
+                    _ = ctrl_close.recv() => {
+                        signal_name = "Ctrl+Close";
+                    }
+                    _ = ctrl_shutdown.recv() => {
+                        signal_name = "Ctrl+Shutdown";
+                    }
+                    _ = ctrl_logoff.recv() => {
+                        signal_name = "Ctrl+Logoff";
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if !SHUTDOWN_LATCH.try_begin() {
+                    logging!(
+                        info,
+                        Type::SystemSignal,
+                        "Already shutting down, ignoring repeated signal: {}",
+                        signal_name
+                    );
+                    continue;
+                }
+                logging!(info, Type::SystemSignal, "Caught Windows signal: {}", signal_name);
+
+                SHUTDOWN_LATCH.finish(f().await);
+            }
+        });
+    } else {
+        logging!(
+            error,
+            Type::SystemSignal,
+            "register shutdown signal failed, RUNTIME is not available"
+        );
+    }
+}
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ edition = "2024"
 rust-version = "1.91"

 [dependencies]
-specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.25", features = ["derive", "function"] }
 tauri = { workspace = true }
 tauri-plugin-clipboard-manager = { workspace = true }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true }
@@ -15,7 +14,7 @@ serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 sysinfo = { version = "0.39.6", features = ["network", "system"] }

 [target.'cfg(not(windows))'.dependencies]
-libc = "0.2.191"
+libc = "0.2.190"

 [target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
 deelevate = { workspace = true }
@@ -1,46 +1,53 @@
 use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use tauri::{AppHandle, Runtime, State, command};
-use tauri_plugin_clipboard_manager::ClipboardExt as _;
+use tauri_plugin_clipboard_manager::{ClipboardExt as _, Error};

 use crate::Platform;

-#[derive(Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Serialize)]
 pub struct SystemInfo {
    pub system_name: String,
    pub system_version: String,
+    pub system_kernel_version: String,
+    pub system_arch: String,
+    pub app_version: String,
+    pub app_core_mode: String,
+    pub app_is_admin: bool,
 }

-impl From<&Platform> for SystemInfo {
-    fn from(platform: &Platform) -> Self {
+impl From<Platform> for SystemInfo {
+    fn from(platform: Platform) -> Self {
        Self {
-            system_name: platform.sysinfo.system_name.clone(),
-            system_version: platform.sysinfo.system_version.clone(),
+            system_name: platform.sysinfo.system_name,
+            system_version: platform.sysinfo.system_version,
+            system_kernel_version: platform.sysinfo.system_kernel_version,
+            system_arch: platform.sysinfo.system_arch,
+            app_version: platform.appinfo.app_version,
+            app_core_mode: platform.appinfo.app_core_mode,
+            app_is_admin: platform.appinfo.app_is_admin,
        }
    }
 }

 #[command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub fn get_system_info(state: State<'_, RwLock<Platform>>) -> Result<SystemInfo, String> {
+pub fn get_system_info(state: State<'_, RwLock<Platform>>) -> Result<SystemInfo, Error> {
    let platform = state.inner().read();
-    Ok(SystemInfo::from(&*platform))
+    Ok(SystemInfo::from(platform.clone()))
 }

 /// 获取应用的运行时间（毫秒）
 #[command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub fn get_app_uptime(state: State<'_, RwLock<Platform>>) -> Result<u128, String> {
+pub fn get_app_uptime(state: State<'_, RwLock<Platform>>) -> Result<u128, Error> {
    Ok(state.inner().read().appinfo.app_startup_time.elapsed().as_millis())
 }

 #[command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn export_diagnostic_info<R: Runtime>(
    app_handle: AppHandle<R>,
    state: State<'_, RwLock<Platform>>,
-) -> Result<(), String> {
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let info = state.inner().read().to_string();
    let clipboard = app_handle.clipboard();
-    clipboard.write_text(info).map_err(|error| error.to_string())
+    clipboard.write_text(info)
 }
@@ -12,92 +12,6 @@ import pluginUnusedImports from 'eslint-plugin-unused-imports'
 import globals from 'globals'
 import tseslint from 'typescript-eslint'

-const ipcBoundaryRules = ({
-  allowCommands = false,
-  allowInvoke = false,
-  allowEvents = false,
-} = {}) => {
-  const paths = [
-    ...(!allowInvoke
-      ? [
-          {
-            name: '@tauri-apps/api/core',
-            importNames: ['invoke'],
-            allowTypeImports: true,
-            message: 'Invoke backend commands through services/cmds.',
-          },
-        ]
-      : []),
-    ...(!allowEvents
-      ? [
-          {
-            name: '@tauri-apps/api/event',
-            importNames: ['listen', 'emit', 'emitTo', 'once'],
-            allowTypeImports: true,
-            message:
-              'The event bus owns Tauri event subscriptions and emissions.',
-          },
-        ]
-      : []),
-  ]
-  const patterns = allowCommands
-    ? []
-    : [
-        {
-          regex: '(^|/)bindings(\\.ts)?$',
-          importNames: ['commands'],
-          allowTypeImports: true,
-          message:
-            'Only services/cmds may import generated command implementations.',
-        },
-      ]
-  const modules = [
-    ...(!allowInvoke ? ['@tauri-apps/api/core'] : []),
-    ...(!allowEvents ? ['@tauri-apps/api/event'] : []),
-  ]
-  const syntax = modules.flatMap((name) => [
-    {
-      selector: `ImportExpression[source.value='${name}']`,
-      message:
-        'Use the owned IPC service boundary instead of dynamically importing Tauri APIs.',
-    },
-    {
-      selector: `CallExpression[callee.name='require'][arguments.0.value='${name}']`,
-      message:
-        'Use the owned IPC service boundary instead of requiring Tauri APIs.',
-    },
-    {
-      selector: `TSImportEqualsDeclaration[moduleReference.expression.value='${name}']`,
-      message: 'Use the owned IPC service boundary for Tauri APIs.',
-    },
-  ])
-  if (!allowCommands) {
-    syntax.push(
-      {
-        selector: 'ImportExpression[source.value=/bindings(\\.ts)?$/]',
-        message:
-          'Only services/cmds may load generated command implementations.',
-      },
-      {
-        selector:
-          "CallExpression[callee.name='require'][arguments.0.value=/bindings(\\.ts)?$/]",
-        message:
-          'Only services/cmds may load generated command implementations.',
-      },
-      {
-        selector:
-          'TSImportEqualsDeclaration[moduleReference.expression.value=/bindings(\\.ts)?$/]',
-        message:
-          'Only services/cmds may load generated command implementations.',
-      },
-    )
-  }
-  return {
-    'no-restricted-imports': ['error', { paths, patterns }],
-    'no-restricted-syntax': ['error', ...syntax],
-  }
-}
-
 export default defineConfig([
  pluginESx.configs['flat/restrict-to-es2022'],
  {
@@ -248,33 +162,4 @@ export default defineConfig([
      },
    },
  },
-  {
-    files: ['src/**/*.{ts,tsx,js,jsx,mts,mjs}'],
-    rules: ipcBoundaryRules(),
-  },
-  {
-    files: ['src/services/cmds.ts'],
-    rules: ipcBoundaryRules({ allowCommands: true }),
-  },
-  {
-    files: ['src/services/bindings.ts'],
-    rules: ipcBoundaryRules({ allowCommands: true, allowInvoke: true }),
-  },
-  {
-    files: ['src/services/bus/**/*.{ts,tsx}'],
-    rules: ipcBoundaryRules({ allowEvents: true }),
-  },
-  {
-    files: [
-      'src/components/proxy/proxy-chain.tsx',
-      'src/components/proxy/proxy-groups-chain.tsx',
-      'src/pages/proxies.tsx',
-    ],
-    rules: {
-      '@typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises': [
-        'error',
-        { ignoreVoid: false },
-      ],
-    },
-  },
 ])
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "$schema": "https://unpkg.com/knip@6/schema.json",
-  "entry": ["src/polyfills/*.js!", "scripts/check-contract-changes.mjs!"],
+  "entry": ["src/polyfills/*.js!"],
  "project": ["src/**/*.{js,jsx,ts,tsx,sass,scss}!", "scripts/**/*.{js,mjs}!"],
  "include": [
    "files",
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
  "ignoreDependencies": ["lint-staged"],
  "ignoreIssues": {
    "src/types/generated/**": ["exports", "types"],
-    "src/services/bindings.ts": ["types"]
+    "src/services/contract.ts": ["exports", "types"]
  },
  "cycles": {
    "dynamicImports": true
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@
    "monaco-yaml": "^5.5.1",
    "nanoid": "^6.0.1",
    "qrcode.react": "^4.2.0",
-    "react": "19.3.1",
-    "react-dom": "19.3.1",
+    "react": "19.3.0",
+    "react-dom": "19.3.0",
    "react-error-boundary": "6.1.6",
    "react-hook-form": "^7.88.0",
-    "react-i18next": "17.0.19",
+    "react-i18next": "17.0.15",
    "react-markdown": "10.1.0",
    "react-router": "^8.4.0",
    "rehype-raw": "^7.0.0",
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
    "https-proxy-agent": "^9.1.0",
    "husky": "^9.1.7",
    "jiti": "^2.7.0",
-    "knip": "6.41.0",
+    "knip": "6.39.0",
    "lint-staged": "^17.5.1",
    "sass": "^1.104.1",
    "tar": "^7.5.22",
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
    "vite": "^8.3.0",
    "vite-plugin-svgr": "^5.2.0",
    "vitest": "^5.0.1",
-    "webdriverio": "10.0.2",
+    "webdriverio": "10.0.0",
    "ws": "8.22.0"
  },
  "lint-staged": {
@@ -146,5 +146,5 @@
    ]
  },
  "type": "module",
-  "packageManager": "pnpm@12.14.0"
+  "packageManager": "pnpm@12.10.1"
 }
@@ -45,17 +45,6 @@
      "matchManagers": ["npm"],
      "groupName": "npm dependencies"
    },
-    {
-      "description": "Update Tauri npm packages and Cargo crates together so frontend and backend stay in sync",
-      "matchPackageNames": [
-        "@tauri-apps/**",
-        "@wdio/tauri-service",
-        "tauri",
-        "tauri-*"
-      ],
-      "groupName": "tauri",
-      "addLabels": ["tauri"]
-    },
    {
      "description": "Group all GitHub Actions updates into a single PR",
      "matchManagers": ["github-actions"],
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 [toolchain]
-channel = "1.99.1"
+channel = "1.99.0"
 components = ["rustfmt", "clippy"]
@@ -1,34 +1,84 @@
+import fs from 'node:fs'
 import path from 'node:path'

-import { ESLint } from 'eslint'
+/**
+ * Architecture grep gates for the frontend contract flow. Select gates via
+ * argv:
+ *
+ *   node scripts/check-architecture.mjs listen emit invoke
+ *
+ * - listen/emit: the Tauri event API may only be used under src/services/bus/**
+ *   (the event bus). Detected as a bare `listen(`/`emit(` call (member calls
+ *   like `this.emit(` are unrelated class methods) or as importing the name
+ *   from '@tauri-apps/api/event'.
+ * - invoke: `invoke(` calls may exist only under src/services/**.
+ */

 const ROOT = path.resolve(import.meta.dirname, '..')
-const gates = process.argv.slice(2)
-if (
-  !gates.length ||
-  gates.some((gate) => !['listen', 'emit', 'invoke'].includes(gate))
-) {
+const SRC = path.join(ROOT, 'src')
+
+const tauriEventImport = (name) =>
+  new RegExp(
+    `import\\s*\\{[^}]*\\b${name}\\b[^}]*\\}\\s*from\\s*'@tauri-apps/api/event'`,
+  )
+
+const GATES = {
+  listen: {
+    patterns: [/(?<![.\w])listen\(/, tauriEventImport('listen')],
+    allowed: (file) => file.startsWith('src/services/bus/'),
+    description: 'Tauri listen outside the event bus (src/services/bus)',
+  },
+  emit: {
+    patterns: [/(?<![.\w])emit\(/, tauriEventImport('emit')],
+    allowed: (file) => file.startsWith('src/services/bus/'),
+    description: 'Tauri emit outside the event bus (src/services/bus)',
+  },
+  invoke: {
+    patterns: [/\binvoke\(/],
+    allowed: (file) => file.startsWith('src/services/'),
+    description: 'invoke( outside the services layer (src/services)',
+  },
+}
+
+const walk = (dir) => {
+  const entries = fs.readdirSync(dir, { withFileTypes: true })
+  return entries.flatMap((entry) => {
+    const full = path.join(dir, entry.name)
+    if (entry.isDirectory()) return walk(full)
+    return /\.(ts|tsx|js|jsx|mts|mjs)$/.test(entry.name) ? [full] : []
+  })
+}
+
+const selected = process.argv.slice(2)
+if (selected.length === 0) {
  console.error('usage: check-architecture.mjs <gate>... (listen|emit|invoke)')
  process.exit(2)
 }

-// All IPC boundaries use the lint configuration, including when callers request a legacy gate.
-const eslint = new ESLint({ cwd: ROOT, allowInlineConfig: false })
-const results = await eslint.lintFiles(['src'])
-const boundaryRules = new Set([
-  'no-restricted-imports',
-  'no-restricted-syntax',
-  '@typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises',
-])
-const violations = results.flatMap((result) =>
-  result.messages
-    .filter((message) => message.fatal || boundaryRules.has(message.ruleId))
-    .map((message) => ({ file: result.filePath, ...message })),
-)
-for (const violation of violations) {
-  console.error(
-    `[arch] ${path.relative(ROOT, violation.file)}:${violation.line}: ${violation.message}`,
-  )
+let violations = 0
+for (const gate of selected) {
+  const rule = GATES[gate]
+  if (!rule) {
+    console.error(`unknown gate: ${gate}`)
+    process.exit(2)
+  }
+  for (const file of walk(SRC)) {
+    const relative = path.relative(ROOT, file).replaceAll('\\', '/')
+    if (rule.allowed(relative)) continue
+    const lines = fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8').split('\n')
+    lines.forEach((line, index) => {
+      if (rule.patterns.some((pattern) => pattern.test(line))) {
+        violations += 1
+        console.error(
+          `[arch] ${rule.description}: ${relative}:${index + 1}: ${line.trim()}`,
+        )
+      }
+    })
+  }
 }
-if (violations.length) process.exitCode = 1
-else console.log('[arch] no violations')
+
+if (violations > 0) {
+  console.error(`[arch] ${violations} violation(s) found`)
+  process.exit(1)
+}
+console.log('[arch] no violations')
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process'
-import fs from 'node:fs'
-import path from 'node:path'
-
-const ROOT = path.resolve(import.meta.dirname, '..')
-const git = (...args) =>
-  execFileSync('git', args, { cwd: ROOT, encoding: 'utf8' }).trim()
-const { contract } = JSON.parse(
-  fs.readFileSync(path.join(ROOT, 'scripts/contract-inputs.json'), 'utf8'),
-)
-const inputs = contract.map((pattern) => `:(glob)${pattern}`)
-const args = process.argv.slice(2)
-if (args.length !== 2 || args[0] !== '--push') {
-  console.error('usage: check-contract-changes.mjs --push <remote>')
-  process.exit(2)
-}
-const hasChanges = (...range) =>
-  git('diff', '--name-only', ...range, '--', ...inputs) !== ''
-const assertCleanInputs = (...range) => {
-  if (
-    hasChanges(...range) ||
-    git('ls-files', '--others', '--exclude-standard', '--', ...inputs)
-  ) {
-    throw new Error(
-      'Contract inputs differ from the pushed commit. Commit those changes before pushing.',
-    )
-  }
-}
-let relevant = false
-const head = git('rev-parse', 'HEAD')
-for (const line of fs
-  .readFileSync(0, 'utf8')
-  .trim()
-  .split('\n')
-  .filter(Boolean)) {
-  const fields = line.trim().split(/\s+/)
-  if (
-    fields.length !== 4 ||
-    ![fields[1], fields[3]].every((sha) => /^[a-f0-9]{40,64}$/.test(sha))
-  ) {
-    throw new Error('Invalid pre-push ref update')
-  }
-  const [, local, , remote] = fields
-  if (/^0+$/.test(local) || local === remote) continue
-  // A new remote branch has no upstream; use its fork point with the remote default branch.
-  const base = /^0+$/.test(remote)
-    ? git('merge-base', local, `refs/remotes/${args[1]}/HEAD`)
-    : remote
-  if (!hasChanges(base, local)) continue
-  const commit = git('rev-parse', `${local}^{commit}`)
-  if (commit !== head)
-    throw new Error(
-      'Check out the pushed commit before validating its changed IPC contract.',
-    )
-  assertCleanInputs('HEAD')
-  relevant = true
-}
-if (relevant) {
-  execFileSync(
-    process.execPath,
-    [path.join(ROOT, 'scripts/gen-contract.mjs'), '--check'],
-    {
-      cwd: ROOT,
-      stdio: 'inherit',
-    },
-  )
-} else {
-  console.log('[contract] inputs unchanged; skipping Rust generation')
-}
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "contract": [
-    "src-tauri/**/*.rs",
-    "crates/**/*.rs",
-    "Cargo.toml",
-    "Cargo.lock",
-    "src-tauri/Cargo.toml",
-    "crates/**/Cargo.toml",
-    "rust-toolchain.toml",
-    "src-tauri/tauri.conf*.json",
-    "src/services/bindings.ts",
-    "scripts/gen-contract.mjs",
-    "scripts/check-contract-changes.mjs",
-    "biome.json",
-    "biome.jsonc",
-    "package.json",
-    "pnpm-lock.yaml",
-    "pnpm-workspace.yaml",
-    "scripts/contract-inputs.json",
-    ".github/workflows/frontend-check.yml",
-    ".husky/pre-push"
-  ]
-}
@@ -1,55 +1,91 @@
 import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process'
 import fs from 'node:fs'
-import os from 'node:os'
 import path from 'node:path'

+/**
+ * Regenerates src/services/contract.ts from the backend wire contract.
+ * Source of truth: `cargo run -p clash-verge --bin frontend-contract` inside
+ * src-tauri, which serializes the same enum variants and event payloads the
+ * app emits at runtime. CI reruns this and fails on a non-empty diff.
+ */
+
 const ROOT = path.resolve(import.meta.dirname, '..')
-const BINDINGS = path.join(ROOT, 'src/services/bindings.ts')
-const args = process.argv.slice(2)
-if (args.length > 1 || (args.length === 1 && args[0] !== '--check')) {
-  console.error('usage: gen-contract.mjs [--check]')
-  process.exit(2)
-}
-const check = args[0] === '--check'
-const temporary = check
-  ? fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'verge-contract-'))
-  : null
-const output = temporary ? path.join(temporary, 'bindings.ts') : BINDINGS
-try {
+const OUT = path.join(ROOT, 'src/services/contract.ts')
+
+const contract = JSON.parse(
  execFileSync(
    'cargo',
-    [
-      'run',
-      '-p',
-      'clash-verge',
-      '--example',
-      'frontend-contract',
-      '--locked',
-      '-q',
-      ...(check ? ['--', output] : []),
-    ],
-    { cwd: ROOT, stdio: 'inherit' },
-  )
-  const formatted = execFileSync(
-    process.execPath,
-    [
-      path.join(ROOT, 'node_modules/@biomejs/biome/bin/biome'),
-      'format',
-      '--stdin-file-path',
-      BINDINGS,
-    ],
-    { cwd: ROOT, input: fs.readFileSync(output) },
-  )
-  if (check) {
-    if (!formatted.equals(fs.readFileSync(BINDINGS))) {
-      console.error(
-        'IPC bindings are out of date. Run pnpm gen:contract and commit the generated file.',
-      )
-      process.exitCode = 1
-    }
-  } else {
-    fs.writeFileSync(BINDINGS, formatted)
-  }
-} finally {
-  if (temporary) fs.rmSync(temporary, { recursive: true, force: true })
+    ['run', '-p', 'clash-verge', '--bin', 'frontend-contract', '-q'],
+    {
+      cwd: path.join(ROOT, 'src-tauri'),
+      encoding: 'utf8',
+      maxBuffer: 16 * 1024 * 1024,
+    },
+  ),
+)
+
+if (contract.version !== 1) {
+  throw new Error(`unsupported wire contract version: ${contract.version}`)
 }
+
+/** TS type per event, derived from the serialized sample payload's JSON shape. */
+const payloadType = (name, sample) => {
+  if (sample === null) return 'null'
+  if (typeof sample === 'string') return 'string'
+  if (Array.isArray(sample)) {
+    if (name === 'verge://notice-message') return '[NoticeStatus, string]'
+    throw new Error(`unexpected array payload for ${name}`)
+  }
+  if (typeof sample === 'object') {
+    const keys = Object.keys(sample)
+    if (keys.length === 1 && keys[0] === 'uid') return '{ uid: string }'
+    if (name === 'verge://run-state-changed') return 'RunState'
+    throw new Error(`unexpected object payload for ${name}: ${keys.join(',')}`)
+  }
+  throw new Error(`unexpected payload for ${name}`)
+}
+
+const needsRunState = contract.events.some(
+  (e) => e.name === 'verge://run-state-changed',
+)
+if (!needsRunState)
+  throw new Error('run-state-changed event missing from contract')
+
+const lines = []
+lines.push(
+  '// @generated by scripts/gen-contract.mjs from the backend wire contract. DO NOT EDIT.',
+)
+lines.push('// Regen: pnpm gen:contract')
+lines.push('')
+lines.push("import type { RunState } from './cmds'")
+lines.push('')
+lines.push(
+  '/** Wire status strings from NoticeStatus; keep in sync via `pnpm gen:contract`. */',
+)
+lines.push('export type NoticeStatus =')
+for (const status of contract.noticeStatuses) {
+  lines.push(`  | ${JSON.stringify(status)}`)
+}
+lines.push('')
+lines.push('/** Event name → payload type for every backend-emitted event. */')
+lines.push('export interface VergeEventPayloads {')
+for (const event of contract.events) {
+  const key = JSON.stringify(event.name)
+  lines.push(`  ${key}: ${payloadType(event.name, event.sample)}`)
+}
+lines.push('}')
+lines.push('')
+
+const content = `${lines.join('\n')}\n`
+fs.writeFileSync(OUT, content)
+
+// Match the repo's biome style so CI parity (`git diff --exit-code`) is stable.
+execFileSync(
+  process.platform === 'win32' ? 'pnpm.cmd' : 'pnpm',
+  ['exec', 'biome', 'format', '--write', path.relative(ROOT, OUT)],
+  { cwd: ROOT, stdio: 'ignore' },
+)
+
+console.log(
+  `[gen-contract] wrote ${path.relative(ROOT, OUT)}: ${contract.events.length} events, ${contract.noticeStatuses.length} statuses`,
+)
@@ -29,12 +29,13 @@ perf-harness = ["dep:tauri-plugin-wdio-webdriver"]
 identifier = "io.github.clash-verge-rev.clash-verge-rev"

 [build-dependencies]
-tauri-build = { version = "2.7.1", features = [] }
+tauri-build = { version = "2.7.2", features = [] }

 [dependencies]
 clash-verge-draft = { workspace = true }
 clash-verge-media-unlock = { workspace = true }
 clash-verge-logging = { workspace = true }
+clash-verge-signal = { workspace = true }
 clash-verge-i18n = { workspace = true }
 clash-verge-limiter = { workspace = true }
 tauri-plugin-clash-verge-sysinfo = { workspace = true }
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ bitflags = { workspace = true }
 socket2 = { workspace = true }
 warp = { version = "0.4.3", features = ["server"] }
 open = "5.4.4"
-rfd = { version = "0.16.0", default-features = false, features = ["common-controls-v6"] }
+rfd = { version = "0.17.2", default-features = false, features = ["common-controls-v6"] }
 dirs = "7.0.0"
 dunce = "1.0.5"
 nanoid = "0.5"
@@ -72,55 +73,48 @@ sysproxy = { git = "https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/sysproxy-rs.git", branch
  "guard",
 ] }
 network-interface = { version = "2.0.5", features = ["serde"] }
-tauri-plugin-shell = "2.4.0"
-tauri-plugin-opener = "2.7.0"
-tauri-plugin-dialog = "2.8.1"
-tauri-plugin-fs = "2.6.0"
+tauri-plugin-shell = "2.5.0"
+tauri-plugin-opener = "2.7.1"
+tauri-plugin-dialog = "2.8.2"
+tauri-plugin-fs = "2.7.0"
 tauri-plugin-process = "2.4.0"
 tauri-plugin-deep-link = "2.6.1"
 tauri-plugin-window-state = "2.5.0"
-zip = "9.0.4"
+zip = "9.0.1"
 flate2 = "1.1.10"
 reqwest_dav = "0.3.3"
 aes-gcm = { version = "0.11.1" }
 base64 = "0.23.1"
 minisign-verify = "0.3.0"
-sha2 = "0.11.1"
+sha2 = "0.11"
 getrandom = "0.4.3"
 futures = "0.3.34"
 gethostname = "1.1.0"
 scopeguard = "1.2.0"
-tauri-plugin-notification = "2.5.1"
+tauri-plugin-notification = "2.6.0"
 tokio-stream = "0.1.19"
 backon = { version = "1.6.0", features = ["tokio-sleep"] }
-tauri-plugin-http = "2.8.0"
+tauri-plugin-http = "2.8.2"
 tracing = { workspace = true }
 tauri-plugin-devtools = { version = "2.2.2", optional = true }
-tauri-plugin-mihomo = { git = "https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/tauri-plugin-mihomo", rev = "7a03d16f4d39b1bb885b7babe66b9e153e34b615" }
+tauri-plugin-mihomo = { git = "https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/tauri-plugin-mihomo", branch = "main" }
 async-trait = "0.1.92"
 clash_verge_service_ipc = { git = "https://github.com/clash-verge-rev/clash-verge-service-ipc.git", tag = "v2.7.6", version = "2.7.6", features = [
  "client",
 ] }
 arc-swap = "1.9.2"
 tokio-rustls = "0.26.6"
-rustls = { version = "0.23.46", features = ["ring"] }
+rustls = { version = "0.23.45", features = ["ring"] }
 webpki-roots = "1.0.9"
 dark-light = "3.0.0"
 bytes = "1.12.1"
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7.20", features = ["time"] }
-specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.25", features = ["derive", "function", "serde_json"] }
-tauri-specta = { version = "=2.0.0-rc.25", features = ["derive", "typescript"] }
-specta-typescript = "=0.0.12"

 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
-libc = "0.2.191"
-
-[target.'cfg(target_os = "linux")'.dependencies]
-# Upstream has no session-end signal support on Linux; see crates/clash-verge-signal.
-clash-verge-signal = { workspace = true }
+libc = "0.2.190"

 [target.'cfg(target_os = "macos")'.dependencies]
-tauri-plugin-wdio-webdriver = { version = "=1.4.0", optional = true }
+tauri-plugin-wdio-webdriver = { version = "=1.5.0", optional = true }
 objc2 = "0.6.5"
 objc2-foundation = { version = "0.3.2", features = [
  "NSString",
@@ -153,8 +147,8 @@ windows-sys.workspace = true

 [target.'cfg(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "ios")))'.dependencies]
 tauri-plugin-autostart = "2.7.0"
-tauri-plugin-global-shortcut = "2.4.0"
-tauri-plugin-updater = "2.13.1"
+tauri-plugin-global-shortcut = "2.4.1"
+tauri-plugin-updater = "2.13.3"

 [dev-dependencies]
 criterion = { workspace = true }
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-// Dev-only target: Tauri ships everything under src/bin/ to /usr/bin in deb/rpm
-// bundles (PR #8131), so this generator must stay an example, never a bin.
-fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
-    let mut args = std::env::args_os().skip(1);
-    let output = args
-        .next()
-        .map(std::path::PathBuf::from)
-        .unwrap_or_else(|| std::path::Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")).join("../src/services/bindings.ts"));
-    if args.next().is_some() {
-        return Err(std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput, "expected at most one output path").into());
-    }
-    app_lib::ipc::builder().export(specta_typescript::Typescript::default(), output)?;
-    Ok(())
-}
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//! Prints the frontend wire contract as JSON to stdout. Zero new dependencies:
+//! the payload is derived from the same serializers the app uses at runtime.
+//! Consumed by scripts/gen-contract.mjs; CI regenerates and diffs the committed
+//! TypeScript artifact.
+
+fn main() {
+    println!("{}", app_lib::frontend_wire_contract());
+}
@@ -9,14 +9,12 @@ use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tauri::{AppHandle, Manager as _, ipc::Channel};

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn open_app_dir() -> CmdResult<()> {
    let app_dir = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?;
    open::that(app_dir).stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn open_core_dir() -> CmdResult<()> {
    let core_dir = tauri::utils::platform::current_exe().stringify_err()?;
    let core_dir = core_dir.parent().ok_or("failed to get core dir")?;
@@ -24,14 +22,12 @@ pub async fn open_core_dir() -> CmdResult<()> {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn open_logs_dir() -> CmdResult<()> {
    let log_dir = dirs::app_logs_dir().stringify_err()?;
    open::that(log_dir).stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn open_devtools(app_handle: AppHandle) {
    if let Some(window) = app_handle.get_webview_window("main") {
        if !window.is_devtools_open() {
@@ -43,26 +39,22 @@ pub fn open_devtools(app_handle: AppHandle) {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn exit_app() {
    feat::quit().await;
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn restart_app() -> CmdResult<()> {
    feat::restart_app().await;
    Ok(())
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn install_update(
    app_handle: AppHandle,
-    version: std::string::String,
+    version: String,
    on_event: Channel<DownloadEvent>,
 ) -> CmdResult<bool> {
-    let version: String = version.into();
    SilentUpdater::global()
        .install_update(&app_handle, &version, |event| {
            let _ = on_event.send(event);
@@ -72,32 +64,22 @@ pub async fn install_update(
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn cancel_update_download() {
    SilentUpdater::global().cancel_download();
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub fn get_app_dir() -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+pub fn get_app_dir() -> CmdResult<String> {
    let app_home_dir = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?.to_string_lossy().into();
    Ok(app_home_dir)
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn download_icon_cache(
-    url: std::string::String,
-    name: std::string::String,
-) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
-    let url: String = url.into();
-    let name: String = name.into();
-    feat::download_icon_cache(url, name).await.map(Into::into)
+pub async fn download_icon_cache(url: String, name: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
+    feat::download_icon_cache(url, name).await
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn copy_icon_file(path: std::string::String, icon_info: feat::IconInfo) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
-    let path: String = path.into();
-    feat::copy_icon_file(path, icon_info).await.map(Into::into)
+pub async fn copy_icon_file(path: String, icon_info: feat::IconInfo) -> CmdResult<String> {
+    feat::copy_icon_file(path, icon_info).await
 }
@@ -4,44 +4,33 @@ use feat::LocalBackupFile;
 use smartstring::alias::String;

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn create_local_backup() -> CmdResult<()> {
    feat::create_local_backup().await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn list_local_backup() -> CmdResult<Vec<LocalBackupFile>> {
    feat::list_local_backup().await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn delete_local_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
+pub async fn delete_local_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
    feat::delete_local_backup(filename).await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn restore_local_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
+pub async fn restore_local_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
    feat::restore_local_backup(filename)
        .await
        .map_err(|error| super::proxy_aware_error(&error))
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn import_local_backup(source: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
-    let source: String = source.into();
-    feat::import_local_backup(source).await.map(Into::into).stringify_err()
+pub async fn import_local_backup(source: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
+    feat::import_local_backup(source).await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn export_local_backup(filename: std::string::String, destination: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
-    let destination: String = destination.into();
+pub async fn export_local_backup(filename: String, destination: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
    feat::export_local_backup(filename, destination).await.stringify_err()
 }
@@ -12,33 +12,30 @@ use crate::{
    },
 };
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
+use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
 use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tokio::fs;

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn copy_clash_env() -> CmdResult {
-    feat::copy_clash_env().await.stringify_err()
+    feat::copy_clash_env().await;
+    Ok(())
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn get_clash_info() -> CmdResult<ClashInfo> {
    Ok(Config::clash().await.data_arc().get_client_info())
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn patch_clash_config(payload: crate::ipc::YamlMapping) -> CmdResult {
-    feat::patch_clash(&payload.0)
+pub async fn patch_clash_config(payload: Mapping) -> CmdResult {
+    feat::patch_clash(&payload)
        .await
        .map_err(|error| proxy_aware_coded_error(&error, "CLASH_CONFIG_UPDATE_FAILED"))
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn patch_clash_mode(payload: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
-    let payload: String = payload.into();
+pub async fn patch_clash_mode(payload: String) -> CmdResult {
    feat::change_clash_mode(payload)
        .await
        .with_error_code("CLASH_MODE_UPDATE_FAILED")
@@ -46,15 +43,12 @@ pub async fn patch_clash_mode(payload: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {

 /// Reads the saved mode without depending on strict mihomo `/configs` deserialization.
 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_clash_mode() -> CmdResult<Option<std::string::String>> {
-    Ok(Config::clash().await.data_arc().get_mode())
+pub async fn get_clash_mode() -> CmdResult<Option<String>> {
+    Ok(Config::clash().await.data_arc().get_mode().map(Into::into))
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn change_clash_core(clash_core: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<Option<CommandFailure>> {
-    let clash_core: String = clash_core.into();
+pub async fn change_clash_core(clash_core: String) -> CmdResult<Option<CommandFailure>> {
    logging!(info, Type::Config, "changing core to {clash_core}");

    match CoreManager::global().change_core(&clash_core).await {
@@ -86,7 +80,6 @@ pub async fn change_clash_core(clash_core: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<Opt
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn restart_core() -> CmdResult {
    logging_error!(Type::Core, profiles_save_file_safe().await);
    let result = CoreManager::global()
@@ -101,7 +94,6 @@ pub async fn restart_core() -> CmdResult {

 /// Replaces the managed core binary atomically instead of letting mihomo overwrite itself.
 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn upgrade_clash_core(force: bool) -> CmdResult<feat::CoreUpgradeReport> {
    let report = feat::upgrade_core(force).await.with_error_code("CORE_UPGRADE_FAILED")?;
    if report.upgraded {
@@ -111,9 +103,7 @@ pub async fn upgrade_clash_core(force: bool) -> CmdResult<feat::CoreUpgradeRepor
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn test_delay(url: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<u32> {
-    let url: String = url.into();
+pub async fn test_delay(url: String) -> CmdResult<u32> {
    let result = match feat::test_delay(url).await {
        Ok(delay) => delay,
        Err(e) => {
@@ -125,14 +115,13 @@ pub async fn test_delay(url: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<u32> {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn save_dns_config(dns_config: crate::ipc::YamlMapping) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn save_dns_config(dns_config: Mapping) -> CmdResult {
    use crate::utils::dirs;
    use tokio::fs;

    let dns_path = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?.join(constants::files::DNS_CONFIG);

-    let yaml_str = yaml_emitter::to_mihomo_config_string(&dns_config.0).stringify_err()?;
+    let yaml_str = yaml_emitter::to_mihomo_config_string(&dns_config).stringify_err()?;
    fs::write(&dns_path, yaml_str).await.stringify_err()?;
    logging!(info, Type::Config, "DNS config saved to {dns_path:?}");

@@ -140,27 +129,22 @@ pub async fn save_dns_config(dns_config: crate::ipc::YamlMapping) -> CmdResult {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn take_dns_override_notice() -> bool {
    crate::config::dns::take_dns_override_notice()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn set_dns_override(
-    profile_uid: std::string::String,
+    profile_uid: String,
    enabled: bool,
-    confirmation: Option<std::string::String>,
+    confirmation: Option<String>,
 ) -> CmdResult<feat::DnsOverrideOutcome> {
-    let profile_uid: String = profile_uid.into();
-    let confirmation = confirmation.map(String::from);
    feat::set_dns_override(profile_uid, enabled, confirmation)
        .await
        .map_err(|error| proxy_aware_coded_error(&error, "DNS_OVERRIDE_UPDATE_FAILED"))
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn apply_dns_config(apply: bool) -> CmdResult {
    if apply {
        let dns_path = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?.join(constants::files::DNS_CONFIG);
@@ -179,7 +163,7 @@ pub async fn apply_dns_config(apply: bool) -> CmdResult {
            );
        })?;

-        serde_yaml_ng::from_str::<serde_yaml_ng::Mapping>(&dns_yaml).stringify_err_log(|e| {
+        let patch_config = serde_yaml_ng::from_str::<serde_yaml_ng::Mapping>(&dns_yaml).stringify_err_log(|e| {
            logging!(
                error,
                Type::Config,
@@ -188,6 +172,13 @@ pub async fn apply_dns_config(apply: bool) -> CmdResult {
            );
        })?;

+        let mut patch = serde_yaml_ng::Mapping::new();
+        patch.insert("dns".into(), patch_config.into());
+
+        Config::runtime().await.edit_draft(|d| {
+            d.patch_config(&patch);
+        });
+
        CoreManager::global().update_config_checked().await.map_err(|error| {
            logging!(error, Type::Config, "failed to apply the config with DNS: {error:#}");
            proxy_aware_error(&error)
@@ -211,22 +202,20 @@ pub async fn apply_dns_config(apply: bool) -> CmdResult {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_dns_config_content() -> CmdResult<Option<std::string::String>> {
+pub async fn get_dns_config_content() -> CmdResult<Option<String>> {
    use crate::utils::dirs;
    use tokio::fs;

    let dns_path = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?.join(constants::files::DNS_CONFIG);

    match fs::read_to_string(&dns_path).await {
-        Ok(content) => Ok(Some(content)),
+        Ok(content) => Ok(Some(content.into())),
        Err(error) if error.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(None),
        Err(error) => Err(CommandFailure::plain(error)),
    }
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn validate_dns_config() -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
    let app_dir = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?;
    let dns_path = app_dir.join(constants::files::DNS_CONFIG);
@@ -243,7 +232,6 @@ pub async fn validate_dns_config() -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn get_clash_logs() -> CmdResult<Vec<std::string::String>> {
    let logs = CoreManager::global().get_clash_logs().await.unwrap_or_default();
    Ok(logs)
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ use crate::core::lightweight;
 use super::CmdResult;

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn entry_lightweight_mode() -> CmdResult {
    lightweight::entry_lightweight_mode().await;
    Ok(())
@@ -5,13 +5,11 @@ use crate::{
 };

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn probe_listener(request: ListenerProbe) -> CmdResult<ListenerProbeOutcome> {
    feat::probe_listener(request).await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn save_proxy_ports(settings: ProxyPortSettings) -> CmdResult<SaveProxyPortsOutcome> {
    feat::save_proxy_ports(settings)
        .await
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 use tauri::{command, ipc::Channel};

 #[command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_unlock_items() -> Vec<UnlockItem> {
    clash_verge_media_unlock::default_unlock_items()
 }
@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ async fn create_client() -> Result<Client, String> {
 }

 #[command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn check_media_unlock(on_complete: Channel<UnlockItem>) -> Result<Vec<UnlockItem>, String> {
    let client = create_client().await?;
    Ok(clash_verge_media_unlock::check_media_unlock(&client, |item| {
@@ -37,7 +35,6 @@ pub async fn check_media_unlock(on_complete: Channel<UnlockItem>) -> Result<Vec<
 }

 #[command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn check_media_unlock_item(name: String) -> Result<UnlockItem, String> {
    let client = create_client().await?;
    clash_verge_media_unlock::check_media_unlock_item(&client, &name).await
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use smartstring::alias::String;
 pub type CmdResult<T = ()> = Result<T, CommandFailure>;

 /// Structured command failure returned to the frontend.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
 pub struct CommandFailure {
    /// Stable frontend identifier, when classified.
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -3,12 +3,13 @@ use crate::cmd::StringifyErr as _;
 use crate::core::{proxy_control, sysopt::Sysopt};

 use gethostname::gethostname;
+use network_interface::NetworkInterface;
+use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
 use sysproxy::{Autoproxy, Sysproxy};
 use tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo;

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_sys_proxy() -> CmdResult<SystemProxy> {
+pub async fn get_sys_proxy() -> CmdResult<Mapping> {
    Sysopt::global().wait_idle().await;
    // With no network service there is no proxy configured anywhere, which reads as disabled.
    let sys_proxy = match Sysproxy::get_system_proxy() {
@@ -16,40 +17,40 @@ pub async fn get_sys_proxy() -> CmdResult<SystemProxy> {
        other => other.stringify_err()?,
    };
    let Sysproxy {
-        host,
-        bypass,
-        port,
-        enable,
+        ref host,
+        ref bypass,
+        ref port,
+        ref enable,
    } = sys_proxy;

-    Ok(SystemProxy {
-        enable,
-        server: format!("{host}:{port}"),
-        bypass,
-    })
+    let mut map = Mapping::new();
+    map.insert("enable".into(), (*enable).into());
+    map.insert("server".into(), format!("{}:{}", host, port).into());
+    map.insert("bypass".into(), bypass.as_str().into());
+    Ok(map)
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_auto_proxy() -> CmdResult<AutoProxy> {
+pub async fn get_auto_proxy() -> CmdResult<Mapping> {
    Sysopt::global().wait_idle().await;
    let auto_proxy = match Autoproxy::get_auto_proxy() {
        Err(error) if proxy_control::is_missing_network_service(&error) => Autoproxy::default(),
        other => other.stringify_err()?,
    };
-    let Autoproxy { enable, url } = auto_proxy;
+    let Autoproxy { ref enable, ref url } = auto_proxy;

-    Ok(AutoProxy { enable, url })
+    let mut map = Mapping::new();
+    map.insert("enable".into(), (*enable).into());
+    map.insert("url".into(), url.as_str().into());
+    Ok(map)
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_embedded_server_port() -> CmdResult<u16> {
    crate::utils::server::embedded_server_port().stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_system_hostname() -> String {
    match gethostname().into_string() {
        Ok(name) => name,
@@ -61,14 +62,12 @@ pub fn get_system_hostname() -> String {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_network_interfaces() -> Vec<String> {
    tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::list_network_interfaces()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub fn get_network_interfaces_info() -> CmdResult<Vec<crate::ipc::NetworkInterfaceView>> {
+pub fn get_network_interfaces_info() -> CmdResult<Vec<NetworkInterface>> {
    use network_interface::{NetworkInterface, NetworkInterfaceConfig as _};

    let names = get_network_interfaces();
@@ -78,22 +77,9 @@ pub fn get_network_interfaces_info() -> CmdResult<Vec<crate::ipc::NetworkInterfa

    for interface in interfaces {
        if names.contains(&interface.name) {
-            result.push(interface.into());
+            result.push(interface);
        }
    }

    Ok(result)
 }
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
-pub struct SystemProxy {
-    pub enable: bool,
-    pub server: String,
-    pub bypass: String,
-}
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
-pub struct AutoProxy {
-    pub enable: bool,
-    pub url: String,
-}
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ fn profile_import_error(err: &anyhow::Error) -> std::string::String {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn get_profiles() -> CmdResult<SharedDraft<IProfiles>> {
    let draft = Config::profiles().await;
    let data = draft.data_arc();
@@ -41,7 +40,6 @@ pub async fn get_profiles() -> CmdResult<SharedDraft<IProfiles>> {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn enhance_profiles() -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
    match feat::enhance_profiles().await {
        Ok(outcome) if outcome.is_valid() => {
@@ -67,7 +65,6 @@ pub async fn enhance_profiles() -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {

 #[tauri::command]
 #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, level = "info", fields(url = %help::mask_url(&url), uid = tracing::field::Empty))]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn import_profile(url: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
    let item = &mut match PrfItem::from_url(&url, None, None, option.as_ref()).await {
        Ok(it) => it,
@@ -97,10 +94,7 @@ pub async fn import_profile(url: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption>)
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn reorder_profile(active_id: std::string::String, over_id: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
-    let active_id: String = active_id.into();
-    let over_id: String = over_id.into();
+pub async fn reorder_profile(active_id: String, over_id: String) -> CmdResult {
    match profiles_reorder_safe(&active_id, &over_id).await {
        Ok(_) => {
            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, "重新排序配置文件: {} -> {}", active_id, over_id);
@@ -120,16 +114,16 @@ pub async fn reorder_profile(active_id: std::string::String, over_id: std::strin
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn create_profile(item: ProfileCreate, file_data: Option<std::string::String>) -> CmdResult {
-    let item: PrfItem = item.into();
-    let file_data = file_data.map(String::from);
+pub async fn create_profile(item: PrfItem, file_data: Option<String>) -> CmdResult {
    match profiles_append_item_with_filedata_safe(&item, file_data).await {
        Ok(_) => {
            profiles_save_file_safe()
                .await
                .with_error_code("PROFILE_CREATE_FAILED")?;
            logging_error!(Type::Timer, Timer::global().refresh().await);
+            if let Some(uid) = &item.uid {
+                handle::Handle::notify_profile_changed(uid);
+            }
            Ok(())
        }
        Err(err) => Err(coded_error("PROFILE_CREATE_FAILED", err)),
@@ -137,9 +131,7 @@ pub async fn create_profile(item: ProfileCreate, file_data: Option<std::string::
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn update_profile(index: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
-    let index: String = index.into();
+pub async fn update_profile(index: String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
    match feat::update_profile(&index, option.as_ref(), true).await {
        Ok(_) => Ok(()),
        Err(e) => {
@@ -150,9 +142,7 @@ pub async fn update_profile(index: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn delete_profile(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
-    let index: String = index.into();
+pub async fn delete_profile(index: String) -> CmdResult {
    let profile_write_guard = PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK.lock().await;

    let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
@@ -282,9 +272,7 @@ async fn handle_validation_failure(
 ) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
    logging!(warn, Type::Cmd, "配置验证失败: {}", outcome);
    discard_and_restore(current_profile).await?;
-    if !matches!(outcome, ValidationOutcome::Busy) {
-        handle_validation_notice(&outcome, ValidationNoticeTarget::Runtime, "运行时配置");
-    }
+    handle_validation_notice(&outcome, ValidationNoticeTarget::Runtime, "运行时配置");
    Ok(outcome)
 }

@@ -313,6 +301,9 @@ async fn perform_config_update(
    current_value: Option<&String>,
    current_profile: Option<&String>,
 ) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
+    defer! {
+        CURRENT_SWITCHING_PROFILE.store(false, Ordering::Release);
+    }
    let update_result = run_profile_config_update_transition(|| CoreManager::global().update_config_forced()).await;

    match update_result {
@@ -322,82 +313,9 @@ async fn perform_config_update(
    }
 }

-#[derive(Default, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct ProfileSelection {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub current: Option<String>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Default, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct ProfileCreate {
-    #[serde(rename = "type")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub itype: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub name: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub desc: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub url: Option<String>,
-    pub option: Option<PrfOption>,
-}
-
-impl From<ProfileCreate> for PrfItem {
-    fn from(item: ProfileCreate) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            itype: item.itype,
-            name: item.name,
-            desc: item.desc,
-            url: item.url,
-            option: item.option,
-            ..Self::default()
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Default, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct ProfilePatch {
-    #[serde(rename = "type")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub itype: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub name: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub desc: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub file: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
-    pub url: Option<String>,
-    pub selected: Option<Vec<crate::config::PrfSelected>>,
-    pub extra: Option<crate::config::PrfExtra>,
-    pub updated: Option<usize>,
-    pub option: Option<PrfOption>,
-}
-
-impl From<ProfilePatch> for PrfItem {
-    fn from(patch: ProfilePatch) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            itype: patch.itype,
-            name: patch.name,
-            desc: patch.desc,
-            file: patch.file,
-            url: patch.url,
-            selected: patch.selected,
-            extra: patch.extra,
-            updated: patch.updated,
-            option: patch.option,
-            ..Self::default()
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 #[tauri::command]
 #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, level = "info", fields(target = ?profiles.current))]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: ProfileSelection) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
+pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
    if CURRENT_SWITCHING_PROFILE
        .compare_exchange(false, true, Ordering::Acquire, Ordering::Relaxed)
        .is_err()
@@ -405,22 +323,13 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: ProfileSelection) -> CmdResult<Vali
        logging!(info, Type::Cmd, "当前正在切换配置，放弃请求");
        return Ok(ValidationOutcome::Busy);
    }
-    defer! {
-        CURRENT_SWITCHING_PROFILE.store(false, Ordering::Release);
-    }
    let _profile_write_guard = PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK.lock().await;

-    let profiles = IProfiles {
-        current: profiles.current,
-        items: None,
-    };
    let target_profile = profiles.current.as_ref();

    let previous_profile = Config::profiles().await.data_arc().current.clone();

-    Config::profiles().await.edit_draft(|d| {
-        d.patch_config(&profiles);
-    });
+    Config::profiles().await.edit_draft(|d| d.patch_config(&profiles));

    perform_config_update(target_profile, previous_profile.as_ref())
        .await
@@ -428,17 +337,15 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: ProfileSelection) -> CmdResult<Vali
 }

 pub async fn patch_profiles_config_by_profile_index(profile_index: String) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
-    let profiles = ProfileSelection {
+    let profiles = IProfiles {
        current: Some(profile_index),
+        items: None,
    };
    patch_profiles_config(profiles).await
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn patch_profile(index: std::string::String, profile: ProfilePatch) -> CmdResult {
-    let profile: PrfItem = profile.into();
-    let index: String = index.into();
+pub async fn patch_profile(index: String, profile: PrfItem) -> CmdResult {
    let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
    let should_refresh_timer = if let Ok(old_profile) = profiles.latest_arc().get_item(&index)
        && let Some(new_option) = profile.option.as_ref()
@@ -478,8 +385,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profile(index: std::string::String, profile: ProfilePatch) ->
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn view_profile(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn view_profile(index: String) -> CmdResult {
    let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
    let profiles_ref = profiles.latest_arc();
    let file = profiles_ref
@@ -503,8 +409,7 @@ pub async fn view_profile(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn read_profile_file(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+pub async fn read_profile_file(index: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
    let item = {
        let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
        let profiles_ref = profiles.latest_arc();
@@ -524,7 +429,7 @@ pub async fn read_profile_file(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::str
            .join(file.as_str());
        match tokio::fs::try_exists(&path).await {
            Ok(true) => {}
-            Ok(false) => return Ok(std::string::String::new()),
+            Ok(false) => return Ok(String::new()),
            Err(err) => {
                return Err(coded_error(
                    "PROFILE_READ_FAILED",
@@ -535,12 +440,11 @@ pub async fn read_profile_file(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::str
    }

    let data = item.read_file().await.with_error_code("PROFILE_READ_FAILED")?;
-    Ok(data.into())
+    Ok(data)
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_next_update_time(uid: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<Option<i64>> {
+pub async fn get_next_update_time(uid: String) -> CmdResult<Option<i64>> {
    let timer = Timer::global();
    let next_time = timer.get_next_update_time(&uid).await;
    Ok(next_time)
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ use std::{

 /// Merges one selection pair into fresh backend state to avoid stale-list overwrites.
 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn record_selected_node(group_name: String, node: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
    crate::config::profiles::record_selected_node(&group_name, &node)
        .await
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ pub async fn record_selected_node(group_name: String, node: String) -> CmdResult
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn forget_selected_node(group_name: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
    crate::config::profiles::forget_selected_node(&group_name)
        .await
@@ -106,27 +104,37 @@ fn runtime_group_scopes(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> BTreeMap<String, GroupScope
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn get_proxy_view() -> CmdResult<ProxyViewV1> {
+    proxy_view(None).await
+}
+
+pub(crate) async fn proxy_view(provider_timeout: Option<std::time::Duration>) -> CmdResult<ProxyViewV1> {
    let runtime = Config::runtime().await;
    let latest_runtime = runtime.latest_arc();
    let runtime_group_order = runtime_group_order(latest_runtime.config.as_ref());
    let group_scopes = runtime_group_scopes(latest_runtime.config.as_ref());

    let mihomo = Handle::mihomo();
-    let (proxies, providers) = tokio::join!(mihomo.get_proxies(), mihomo.get_proxy_providers(),);
+    let (proxies, providers) = tokio::join!(mihomo.get_proxies(), async {
+        match provider_timeout {
+            Some(timeout) => tokio::time::timeout(timeout, mihomo.get_proxy_providers())
+                .await
+                .ok()
+                .and_then(Result::ok),
+            None => mihomo.get_proxy_providers().await.ok(),
+        }
+    });
    let proxies = proxies.stringify_err()?;

    Ok(ProxyViewBuilder::build(ProxyViewInput {
        runtime_group_order,
        group_scopes,
        proxies,
-        providers: providers.ok(),
+        providers,
    }))
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn sync_tray_proxy_selection() -> CmdResult<()> {
    if TRAY_SYNC_RUNNING
        .compare_exchange(false, true, Ordering::AcqRel, Ordering::Acquire)
@@ -1,57 +1,44 @@
 use super::CmdResult;
 use crate::{cmd::StringifyErr as _, config::Config, core::CoreManager, utils::yaml_emitter};
 use anyhow::{Context as _, anyhow};
+use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
+use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
 use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::collections::HashMap;

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_runtime_config() -> CmdResult<Option<crate::ipc::YamlMapping>> {
-    Ok(Config::runtime()
-        .await
-        .latest_arc()
-        .config
-        .clone()
-        .map(crate::ipc::YamlMapping))
+pub async fn get_runtime_config() -> CmdResult<Option<Mapping>> {
+    Ok(Config::runtime().await.latest_arc().config.clone())
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_runtime_yaml() -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+pub async fn get_runtime_yaml() -> CmdResult<String> {
    let runtime = Config::runtime().await;
    let runtime = runtime.latest_arc();

    let config = runtime.config.as_ref();
    config
        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("failed to parse config to yaml file"))
-        .and_then(|config| yaml_emitter::to_mihomo_config_string(config).context("failed to convert config to yaml"))
+        .and_then(|config| {
+            yaml_emitter::to_mihomo_config_string(config)
+                .context("failed to convert config to yaml")
+                .map(|s| s.into())
+        })
        .stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_runtime_logs() -> CmdResult<RuntimeLogs> {
-    Ok(RuntimeLogs(Config::runtime().await.latest_arc().chain_logs.clone()))
-}
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(transparent)]
-pub struct RuntimeLogs(
-    #[specta(type = HashMap<std::string::String, Vec<(std::string::String, std::string::String)>>)]
-    HashMap<String, Vec<(String, String)>>,
-);
-
-#[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub fn take_discarded_keys_notice() -> Option<std::string::String> {
-    crate::enhance::take_discarded_keys_notice().map(Into::into)
+pub async fn get_runtime_logs() -> CmdResult<HashMap<String, Vec<(String, String)>>> {
+    Ok(Config::runtime().await.latest_arc().chain_logs.clone())
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_runtime_proxy_chain_config(
-    proxy_chain_exit_node: std::string::String,
-) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+pub fn take_discarded_keys_notice() -> Option<String> {
+    crate::enhance::take_discarded_keys_notice()
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+pub async fn get_runtime_proxy_chain_config(proxy_chain_exit_node: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
    let runtime = Config::runtime().await;
    let runtime = runtime.latest_arc();

@@ -72,7 +59,7 @@ pub async fn get_runtime_proxy_chain_config(
                false
            }
        }) {
-            proxies_chain.push(proxy);
+            proxies_chain.push(proxy.to_owned());
            proxy_name = proxy.get("dialer-proxy").map(|x| x.as_str());
        }

@@ -81,17 +68,18 @@ pub async fn get_runtime_proxy_chain_config(
            .find(|proxy| proxy.get("name").map(|x| x.as_str()) == proxy_name)
            && !proxies_chain.is_empty()
        {
-            proxies_chain.push(entry_proxy);
+            proxies_chain.push(entry_proxy.to_owned());
        }

        proxies_chain.reverse();

-        let mut config: HashMap<String, Vec<&serde_yaml_ng::Value>> = HashMap::new();
+        let mut config: HashMap<String, Vec<serde_yaml_ng::Value>> = HashMap::new();

        config.insert("proxies".into(), proxies_chain);

        yaml_emitter::to_mihomo_config_string(&config)
            .context("YAML generation failed")
+            .map(|s| s.into())
            .stringify_err()
    } else {
        Err("failed to get proxies or proxy-groups".into())
@@ -99,13 +87,20 @@ pub async fn get_runtime_proxy_chain_config(
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn update_proxy_chain_config_in_runtime(
-    proxy_chain_config: Option<crate::ipc::YamlValue>,
-) -> CmdResult<crate::core::validate::ValidationOutcome> {
-    let proxy_chain_config = proxy_chain_config.map(|value| value.0);
-    CoreManager::global()
+pub async fn update_proxy_chain_config_in_runtime(proxy_chain_config: Option<serde_yaml_ng::Value>) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    match CoreManager::global()
        .update_runtime_config(|d| d.update_proxy_chain_config(proxy_chain_config))
        .await
-        .stringify_err()
+    {
+        Ok(outcome) if outcome.is_valid() => {}
+        Ok(outcome) => logging!(
+            warn,
+            Type::Core,
+            "Failed to apply runtime proxy chain config: {}",
+            outcome
+        ),
+        Err(err) => logging!(error, Type::Core, "Failed to apply runtime proxy chain config: {err:#}"),
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
 }
@@ -16,13 +16,7 @@ use tokio::fs;

 /// 保存profiles的配置
 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn save_profile_file(
-    index: std::string::String,
-    file_data: Option<std::string::String>,
-) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
-    let index: String = index.into();
-    let file_data = file_data.map(String::from);
+pub async fn save_profile_file(index: String, file_data: Option<String>) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
    let file_data = match file_data {
        Some(d) => d,
        None => return Ok(ValidationOutcome::Valid),
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ use crate::{
    },
 };

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ServiceInstallOutcome {
    Installed,
-    #[cfg_attr(not(any(windows, test)), allow(dead_code))]
+    #[cfg(any(windows, test))]
    Sidecar {
        reason: String,
    },
@@ -82,13 +82,11 @@ where
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn install_service() -> CmdResult<ServiceInstallOutcome> {
    execute_service_operation_sync(ServiceStatus::InstallRequired, "SERVICE_INSTALL_FAILED").await
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn uninstall_service() -> CmdResult {
    CoreManager::global()
        .uninstall_service_and_start_sidecar()
@@ -97,19 +95,16 @@ pub async fn uninstall_service() -> CmdResult {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn reinstall_service() -> CmdResult<ServiceInstallOutcome> {
    execute_service_operation_sync(ServiceStatus::ReinstallRequired, "SERVICE_REINSTALL_FAILED").await
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn repair_service() -> CmdResult<ServiceInstallOutcome> {
    execute_service_operation_sync(ServiceStatus::ForceReinstallRequired, "SERVICE_REPAIR_FAILED").await
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn continue_with_sidecar() -> CmdResult {
    crate::core::CoreManager::global()
        .continue_with_sidecar(None)
@@ -118,37 +113,31 @@ pub async fn continue_with_sidecar() -> CmdResult {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_sidecar_failure() -> crate::core::notification::SidecarFailureSnapshot {
    crate::core::notification::sidecar_failure_snapshot()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn take_service_fallback_notice() -> Option<crate::core::service::ServiceFallbackNotice> {
    crate::core::service::take_service_fallback_notice()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_core_startup_error() -> Option<crate::core::manager::CoreFailure> {
    crate::core::CoreManager::global().get_startup_error()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn take_service_repair_notice() -> bool {
    crate::core::service::take_service_repair_notice()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn take_service_owner_notice() -> Option<String> {
    crate::core::service::take_service_owner_notice()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub fn sync_runtime_providers() {
    if matches!(*CoreManager::global().get_running_mode(), RunningMode::Service) {
        request_runtime_provider_sync(timing::RUNTIME_PROVIDER_SETTLE);
@@ -5,13 +5,11 @@ use crate::core::{

 /// Returns one coherent core/service snapshot instead of independently refreshed state.
 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn get_runtime_state() -> Result<RunStateView, String> {
    Ok(RUN_STATE.settled().await.to_view())
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn get_pending_failures() -> Vec<PendingFailure> {
    notification::pending_failures()
 }
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ mod platform {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn invoke_uwp_tool() -> CmdResult {
    platform::invoke_uwp_tool()
 }
@@ -9,14 +9,12 @@ use clash_verge_draft::SharedDraft;

 /// 获取Verge配置
 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn get_verge_config() -> CmdResult<SharedDraft<IVerge>> {
    feat::fetch_verge_config().await.stringify_err()
 }

 /// 修改Verge配置
 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn patch_verge_config(payload: IVerge) -> CmdResult {
    let operation = system_proxy_operation(&payload);
    let result = match operation {
@@ -4,18 +4,11 @@ use crate::{
    config::{Config, IVerge},
    core, feat,
 };
+use reqwest_dav::list_cmd::ListFile;
 use smartstring::alias::String;

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn save_webdav_config(
-    url: std::string::String,
-    username: std::string::String,
-    password: std::string::String,
-) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let url: String = url.into();
-    let username: String = username.into();
-    let password: String = password.into();
+pub async fn save_webdav_config(url: String, username: String, password: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
    let patch = IVerge {
        webdav_url: Some(url),
        webdav_username: Some(username),
@@ -32,31 +25,22 @@ pub async fn save_webdav_config(
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
 pub async fn create_webdav_backup() -> CmdResult<()> {
    feat::create_backup_and_upload_webdav().await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn list_webdav_backup() -> CmdResult<Vec<crate::ipc::WebDavFile>> {
-    feat::list_wevdav_backup()
-        .await
-        .map(|files| files.into_iter().map(Into::into).collect())
-        .stringify_err()
+pub async fn list_webdav_backup() -> CmdResult<Vec<ListFile>> {
+    feat::list_wevdav_backup().await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn delete_webdav_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
+pub async fn delete_webdav_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
    feat::delete_webdav_backup(filename).await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-#[specta::specta]
-pub async fn restore_webdav_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
+pub async fn restore_webdav_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
    feat::restore_webdav_backup(filename)
        .await
        .map_err(|error| super::proxy_aware_error(&error))
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ impl IClashTemp {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct ClashInfo {
    /// clash core port
    pub mixed_port: u16,
@@ -364,14 +364,14 @@ fn test_clash_info() {
    assert_eq!(get_case(8888, "192.168.1.1:80800"), get_result(8888, "127.0.0.1:9097"));
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
 pub struct IClashExternalControllerCors {
    pub allow_origins: Option<Vec<String>>,
    pub allow_private_network: Option<bool>,
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
 pub struct IClash {
    pub mixed_port: Option<u16>,
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ pub struct IClash {
    pub external_controller_cors: Option<IClashExternalControllerCors>,
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
 pub struct IClashTUN {
    pub enable: Option<bool>,
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ pub struct IClashTUN {
    pub dns_hijack: Option<Vec<String>>,
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
 pub struct IClashDNS {
    pub enable: Option<bool>,
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ pub struct IClashDNS {
    pub nameserver_policy: Option<Vec<String>>,
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
 pub struct IClashFallbackFilter {
    pub geoip: Option<bool>,
@@ -106,11 +106,10 @@ impl DnsOverrideState {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct ProfileDnsSettings {
    pub enabled: bool,
    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub confirmation: Option<String>,
 }

@@ -27,32 +27,30 @@ pub(super) fn normalize_profile_home_url(raw: &str) -> Option<String> {
    Some(url.to_string().into())
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, Default, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, Default)]
 pub struct PrfItem {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub uid: Option<String>,

    /// enum value: remote | local | script | merge
    #[serde(rename = "type")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub itype: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub name: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub file: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub desc: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub url: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub selected: Option<Vec<PrfSelected>>,

+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub latency_test_urls: Option<std::collections::BTreeMap<String, String>>,
+
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub extra: Option<PrfExtra>,

@@ -62,24 +60,19 @@ pub struct PrfItem {
    pub option: Option<PrfOption>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub home: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip)]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub file_data: Option<String>,
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct PrfSelected {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub name: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub now: Option<String>,
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct PrfExtra {
    pub upload: u64,
    pub download: u64,
@@ -87,11 +80,9 @@ pub struct PrfExtra {
    pub expire: u64,
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct PrfOption {
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub user_agent: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -114,15 +105,15 @@ pub struct PrfOption {

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub allow_auto_update: Option<bool>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub merge: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub script: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub rules: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub proxies: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub groups: Option<String>,
 }

@@ -229,6 +220,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
            desc: Some(desc),
            file: Some(file),
            url: None,
+            latency_test_urls: None,
            selected: None,
            extra: None,
            option: Some(PrfOption {
@@ -408,6 +400,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
            desc: desc.cloned(),
            file: Some(file),
            url: Some(url.as_str().into()),
+            latency_test_urls: None,
            selected: None,
            extra,
            option: Some(PrfOption {
@@ -48,10 +48,8 @@ const SELECTED_NODES_SETTLE_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(1);
 const SELECTED_NODES_FIRST_PASS_BUDGET: Duration = Duration::from_secs(3);

 /// Define the `profiles.yaml` schema
-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct IProfiles {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub current: Option<String>,

    pub items: Option<Vec<PrfItem>>,
@@ -250,6 +248,7 @@ impl IProfiles {
                patch!(each, item, file);
                patch!(each, item, url);
                patch!(each, item, selected);
+                patch!(each, item, latency_test_urls);
                patch!(each, item, extra);
                patch!(each, item, updated);
                patch!(each, item, option);
@@ -11,30 +11,26 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use smartstring::alias::String;

 /// ### `verge.yaml` schema
-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct IVerge {
    /// silent | error | warn | info | debug | trace
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub app_log_level: Option<String>,

    /// Maximum app log size in KiB.
    pub app_log_max_size: Option<u64>,

    pub app_log_max_count: Option<usize>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub language: Option<String>,

    /// `light` or `dark` or `system`
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub theme_mode: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub tray_event: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub env_type: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub start_page: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub startup_script: Option<String>,

    pub traffic_graph: Option<bool>,
@@ -52,23 +48,18 @@ pub struct IVerge {

    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub tray_icon: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub menu_icon: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<Vec<std::string::String>>)]
    pub menu_order: Option<Vec<String>>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub proxy_group_tools_position: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub notice_position: Option<String>,

    pub collapse_navbar: Option<bool>,
@@ -93,43 +84,39 @@ pub struct IVerge {
    pub enable_dns_settings: Option<bool>,

    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "std::collections::BTreeMap::is_empty")]
-    #[specta(type = std::collections::BTreeMap<std::string::String, super::dns::ProfileDnsSettings>)]
    pub profile_dns_settings: std::collections::BTreeMap<String, super::dns::ProfileDnsSettings>,

    pub use_default_bypass: Option<bool>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub system_proxy_bypass: Option<String>,

    pub proxy_guard_duration: Option<u64>,

    pub proxy_auto_config: Option<bool>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub pac_file_content: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub proxy_host: Option<String>,

    pub theme_setting: Option<IVergeTheme>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<Vec<std::string::String>>)]
+
    pub web_ui_list: Option<Vec<String>>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub clash_core: Option<String>,

    /// format: {func},{key}
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<Vec<std::string::String>>)]
    pub hotkeys: Option<Vec<String>>,

    pub enable_global_hotkey: Option<bool>,

-    #[specta(type = Option<crate::ipc::JsonValue>)]
    pub home_cards: Option<serde_json::Value>,

    pub auto_close_connection: Option<bool>,

    pub auto_check_update: Option<bool>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub default_latency_test: Option<String>,

    pub default_latency_timeout: Option<i16>,
@@ -184,7 +171,6 @@ pub struct IVerge {
        skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none",
        default
    )]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub webdav_url: Option<String>,

    #[serde(
@@ -193,7 +179,6 @@ pub struct IVerge {
        skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none",
        default
    )]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub webdav_username: Option<String>,

    #[serde(
@@ -202,14 +187,12 @@ pub struct IVerge {
        skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none",
        default
    )]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub webdav_password: Option<String>,

    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
    pub enable_tray_speed: Option<bool>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub tray_proxy_groups_display_mode: Option<String>,
    pub tray_inline_outbound_modes: Option<bool>,

@@ -226,41 +209,27 @@ pub struct IVerge {
    pub enable_external_controller: Option<bool>,
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct IVergeTestItem {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub uid: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub name: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub icon: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub url: Option<String>,
 }

-#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(default)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct IVergeTheme {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub primary_color: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub secondary_color: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub primary_text: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub secondary_text: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub info_color: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub error_color: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub warning_color: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub success_color: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
+
    pub font_family: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub css_injection: Option<String>,
 }

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub(crate) fn proxy_listener_keys() -> impl Iterator<Item = &'static str> {
    PROXY_LISTENERS.iter().map(|(key, _, _)| *key)
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ProxyPortSettings {
    pub mixed_port: u16,
@@ -48,27 +48,27 @@ pub struct ProxyPortSettings {
    pub tproxy: ToggleableProxyPort,
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Deserialize)]
 pub struct ToggleableProxyPort {
    pub enabled: bool,
    pub port: u16,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ListenerProbe {
    pub address: String,
    pub transports: Vec<ListenerTransport>,
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
 pub enum ListenerTransport {
    Tcp,
    Udp,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ListenerProbeOutcome {
    Available,
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ pub enum ListenerProbeOutcome {
    Indeterminate { message: String },
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum SaveProxyPortsOutcome {
    Saved,
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ fn claim_core_readiness_generation(state: &AtomicU64, captured_generation: u64)
        .is_ok()
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, serde::Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, serde::Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum RunningMode {
    Service,
    Sidecar,
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for RunningMode {
 }

 /// Why the Core is not running, kept until a Core starts again.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[serde(tag = "kind", content = "detail", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum CoreFailure {
    StartFailed(String),
@@ -52,7 +52,10 @@ impl Handle {
    /// Sent on every transition, so the frontend does not have to poll to notice that the Core
    /// stopped or that the Service came back.
    pub fn notify_run_state(state: &crate::core::runstate::RunStateView) {
-        Self::send_event(FrontendEvent::RunStateChanged { state: state.clone() });
+        let Ok(state) = serde_json::to_value(state) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        Self::send_event(FrontendEvent::RunStateChanged { state });
    }

    pub fn notify_profile_changed(profile_id: &String) {
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ pub use announce::{Refresh, announce};
 pub mod desktop;
 pub mod handle;
 pub mod notification;
+pub use notification::frontend_wire_contract;

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
 pub enum NoticeStatus {
    #[serde(rename = "info")]
    Info,
@@ -82,7 +83,6 @@ impl NoticeStatus {
    /// Every variant in golden order. The wire-contract export and the golden
    /// test both derive their variant list from here; expected strings stay
    /// hand-written in the test so renames cannot slip through.
-    #[cfg(test)]
    pub const ALL: [Self; 34] = [
        Self::Info,
        Self::ImportSubUrlOk,
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use super::NoticeStatus;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
-#[cfg(test)]
 use serde_json::json;
 use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ pub enum FrontendEvent<'a> {
        uid: &'a String,
    },
    RunStateChanged {
-        state: crate::core::runstate::RunStateView,
+        state: serde_json::Value,
    },
    PendingFailuresChanged,
    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ pub enum FrontendEvent<'a> {

 /// Operation associated with a pending failure.
 #[allow(clippy::enum_variant_names)]
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum FailedOperation {
    SystemProxyEnable,
@@ -73,14 +72,12 @@ impl FailedOperation {
 }

 /// Latest unresolved failure for one stable code.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct PendingFailure {
    /// Stable code used as the table key.
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub code: String,
    /// Full diagnostic context chain.
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub detail: String,
    pub operation: FailedOperation,
    /// Monotonic identity for repeated failures under the same code.
@@ -244,10 +241,9 @@ pub fn what_was_asked() -> FailedOperation {
 static PENDING_FAILURES: LazyLock<FailureTable> = LazyLock::new(FailureTable::default);

 /// A removal has a revision too, so a delayed read cannot restore a resolved failure.
-#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, serde::Serialize)]
 pub struct SidecarFailureSnapshot {
    pub revision: u64,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub detail: Option<String>,
 }

@@ -331,7 +327,24 @@ impl NotificationSystem {
    }

    fn serialize_event(event: FrontendEvent) -> (&'static str, Result<serde_json::Value, serde_json::Error>) {
-        serialize_frontend_event(event)
+        match event {
+            FrontendEvent::RefreshClash => ("verge://refresh-clash-config", Ok(json!("yes"))),
+            FrontendEvent::RefreshVerge => ("verge://refresh-verge-config", Ok(json!("yes"))),
+            FrontendEvent::RefreshProfiles => ("verge://refresh-profiles", Ok(json!("yes"))),
+            FrontendEvent::RefreshProxyConfig => ("verge://refresh-proxy-config", Ok(serde_json::Value::Null)),
+            FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage { status, message } => (
+                "verge://notice-message",
+                serde_json::to_value((status, message.as_ref())),
+            ),
+            FrontendEvent::ProfileChanged { current_profile_id } => ("profile-changed", Ok(json!(current_profile_id))),
+            FrontendEvent::TimerUpdated { profile_index } => ("verge://timer-updated", Ok(json!(profile_index))),
+            FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateStarted { uid } => ("profile-update-started", Ok(json!({ "uid": uid }))),
+            FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateCompleted { uid } => ("profile-update-completed", Ok(json!({ "uid": uid }))),
+            FrontendEvent::RunStateChanged { state } => ("verge://run-state-changed", Ok(state)),
+            FrontendEvent::PendingFailuresChanged => ("verge://pending-failures-changed", Ok(serde_json::Value::Null)),
+            #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+            FrontendEvent::ThemeChanged { theme } => ("tauri://theme-changed", serde_json::to_value(theme)),
+        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn send_event(app_handle: AppHandle, event: FrontendEvent) {
@@ -368,21 +381,20 @@ mod wire_tests {
 }

 /// One sample per `FrontendEvent` variant, paired with its wire name and payload.
-#[cfg(test)]
+/// Shared by the wire golden test and the contract export so the two cannot drift.
 fn sample_frontend_events(uid: &String) -> Vec<(FrontendEvent<'_>, &'static str, serde_json::Value)> {
-    let state = crate::core::runstate::RunState {
-        health: Default::default(),
-        pending: None,
-        sidecar_allowed: false,
-        mode: crate::core::manager::RunningMode::NotRunning,
-        is_admin: false,
-        op_in_flight: false,
-    }
-    .to_view();
    vec![
-        (FrontendEvent::RefreshClash, "verge://refresh-clash-config", json!(null)),
-        (FrontendEvent::RefreshVerge, "verge://refresh-verge-config", json!(null)),
-        (FrontendEvent::RefreshProfiles, "verge://refresh-profiles", json!(null)),
+        (
+            FrontendEvent::RefreshClash,
+            "verge://refresh-clash-config",
+            json!("yes"),
+        ),
+        (
+            FrontendEvent::RefreshVerge,
+            "verge://refresh-verge-config",
+            json!("yes"),
+        ),
+        (FrontendEvent::RefreshProfiles, "verge://refresh-profiles", json!("yes")),
        (
            FrontendEvent::RefreshProxyConfig,
            "verge://refresh-proxy-config",
@@ -402,9 +414,11 @@ fn sample_frontend_events(uid: &String) -> Vec<(FrontendEvent<'_>, &'static str,
            json!("profile"),
        ),
        (
-            FrontendEvent::RunStateChanged { state: state.clone() },
+            FrontendEvent::RunStateChanged {
+                state: json!({"running": true}),
+            },
            "verge://run-state-changed",
-            serde_json::to_value(state).unwrap_or(serde_json::Value::Null),
+            json!({"running": true}),
        ),
        (
            FrontendEvent::PendingFailuresChanged,
@@ -431,41 +445,24 @@ fn sample_frontend_events(uid: &String) -> Vec<(FrontendEvent<'_>, &'static str,
    ]
 }

-macro_rules! frontend_events {
-    ($( $field:ident: $payload:ty = $name:literal, $pattern:pat => $value:expr; )*) => {
-        #[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
-        pub struct VergeEventPayloads {
-            $(#[serde(rename = $name)] pub $field: $payload,)*
-        }
-
-        fn serialize_frontend_event(event: FrontendEvent) -> (&'static str, Result<serde_json::Value, serde_json::Error>) {
-            match event {
-                $($pattern => {
-                    let payload: $payload = $value;
-                    ($name, serde_json::to_value(payload))
-                },)*
-                #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-                FrontendEvent::ThemeChanged { theme } => ("tauri://theme-changed", serde_json::to_value(theme)),
-            }
-        }
-    };
-}
-
-frontend_events! {
-    refresh_clash: () = "verge://refresh-clash-config", FrontendEvent::RefreshClash => ();
-    refresh_verge: () = "verge://refresh-verge-config", FrontendEvent::RefreshVerge => ();
-    refresh_profiles: () = "verge://refresh-profiles", FrontendEvent::RefreshProfiles => ();
-    refresh_proxy: () = "verge://refresh-proxy-config", FrontendEvent::RefreshProxyConfig => ();
-    notice: (NoticeStatus, std::string::String) = "verge://notice-message", FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage { status, ref message } => (status, message.to_string());
-    profile_changed: std::string::String = "profile-changed", FrontendEvent::ProfileChanged { current_profile_id } => current_profile_id.to_string();
-    timer_updated: std::string::String = "verge://timer-updated", FrontendEvent::TimerUpdated { profile_index } => profile_index.to_string();
-    profile_started: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-started", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateStarted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.to_string() };
-    profile_completed: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-completed", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateCompleted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.to_string() };
-    run_state: crate::core::runstate::RunStateView = "verge://run-state-changed", FrontendEvent::RunStateChanged { state } => state;
-    pending_failures: () = "verge://pending-failures-changed", FrontendEvent::PendingFailuresChanged => ();
-}
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
-pub struct ProfileUpdatePayload {
-    pub uid: std::string::String,
+/// Machine-readable form of the frontend wire contract: every event name with a
+/// serialized sample payload, plus every notice status string. The sample
+/// payload's JSON shape (string / null / array / object) is what the frontend
+/// generator maps to TypeScript types. `ThemeChanged` is a Tauri built-in
+/// linux-only window event, not part of this contract.
+pub fn frontend_wire_contract() -> serde_json::Value {
+    let uid = String::from("sample");
+    let events: Vec<_> = sample_frontend_events(&uid)
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|(event, _, _)| {
+            let (name, payload) = NotificationSystem::serialize_event(event);
+            json!({ "name": name, "sample": payload.unwrap_or(serde_json::Value::Null) })
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let statuses: Vec<_> = NoticeStatus::ALL
+        .iter()
+        // A unit variant with a string rename cannot fail to serialize.
+        .filter_map(|status| serde_json::to_value(status).ok())
+        .collect();
+    json!({ "version": 1, "events": events, "noticeStatuses": statuses })
 }
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, HashMap};

 use serde::Serialize;
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::models::{
-    DelayHistory, Proxies, Proxy, ProxyProvider, ProxyProviders, ProxyType, VehicleType,
+    DelayHistory, Extra, Proxies, Proxy, ProxyProvider, ProxyProviders, ProxyType, VehicleType,
 };

 pub struct ProxyViewInput {
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub struct GroupScope {

 pub struct ProxyViewBuilder;

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ProxyViewV1 {
    pub schema_version: u8,
@@ -34,21 +34,21 @@ pub struct ProxyViewV1 {
    pub providers: Vec<ProxyProviderView>,
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
 pub enum ProxyViewOrderSource {
    Runtime,
    Fallback,
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
 pub enum ProxyViewProviderState {
    Ready,
    Unavailable,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 pub struct ProxyCapabilities {
    pub udp: bool,
    pub xudp: bool,
@@ -57,13 +57,13 @@ pub struct ProxyCapabilities {
    pub smux: bool,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ProxyGroupView {
    pub name: String,
    #[serde(rename = "type")]
-    #[specta(type = String)]
    pub proxy_type: ProxyType,
+    pub alive: bool,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub now: Option<String>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -74,23 +74,23 @@ pub struct ProxyGroupView {
    pub icon: Option<String>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub test_url: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Vec<crate::ipc::DelayHistory>)]
    pub history: Vec<DelayHistory>,
+    pub extra: HashMap<String, Extra>,
    #[serde(flatten)]
    pub capabilities: ProxyCapabilities,
    pub members: Vec<ProxyMemberRef>,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ProxyNodeView {
    pub record_id: String,
    pub name: String,
    #[serde(rename = "type")]
-    #[specta(type = String)]
    pub proxy_type: ProxyType,
-    #[specta(type = Vec<crate::ipc::DelayHistory>)]
+    pub alive: bool,
    pub history: Vec<DelayHistory>,
+    pub extra: HashMap<String, Extra>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub id: Option<String>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ pub struct ProxyNodeView {
    pub source: ProxyNodeSource,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ProxyNodeSource {
    Core {
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ pub enum ProxyNodeSource {
    },
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ProxyMemberRef {
    Group {
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ pub enum ProxyMemberRef {
    },
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 pub enum ProxyMemberUnresolvedReason {
    #[serde(rename = "missing")]
    Missing,
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ pub enum ProxyMemberUnresolvedReason {
    ProviderUnavailable,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ProxyProviderView {
    pub name: String,
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ pub struct ProxyProviderView {
    pub proxy_record_ids: Vec<String>,
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 pub enum ProxyProviderVehicleType {
    #[serde(rename = "HTTP")]
    Http,
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ pub enum ProxyProviderVehicleType {
    Inline,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 pub struct ProxySubscriptionInfo {
    pub upload: i64,
    pub download: i64,
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ impl ProxyViewBuilder {
        } else {
            ProxyViewProviderState::Unavailable
        };
-        let (mut core_groups, core_nodes) = partition_core(proxies);
+        let (mut core_groups, core_nodes) = partition_core(proxies, providers.is_some());
        let (mut records, core_node_ids) = build_core_records(core_nodes);
        let (providers, provider_candidates) = build_provider_records(providers, &mut records);
        let resolver = MemberResolver {
@@ -289,14 +289,14 @@ impl ProxyViewBuilder {
    }
 }

-fn partition_core(proxies: Proxies) -> (BTreeMap<String, Proxy>, BTreeMap<String, Proxy>) {
+fn partition_core(proxies: Proxies, providers_available: bool) -> (BTreeMap<String, Proxy>, BTreeMap<String, Proxy>) {
    let mut groups = BTreeMap::new();
    let mut nodes = BTreeMap::new();

    for (name, proxy) in proxies.proxies {
        if proxy.all.is_some() {
            groups.insert(name, proxy);
-        } else {
+        } else if !providers_available || proxy.provider_name.is_empty() {
            nodes.insert(name, proxy);
        }
    }
@@ -402,7 +402,9 @@ fn build_group(name: String, proxy: Proxy, resolver: &MemberResolver<'_>) -> Pro
        icon,
        now,
        test_url,
+        alive,
        history,
+        extra,
        udp,
        xudp,
        tfo,
@@ -429,12 +431,14 @@ fn build_group(name: String, proxy: Proxy, resolver: &MemberResolver<'_>) -> Pro
    ProxyGroupView {
        name,
        proxy_type,
+        alive,
        now,
        fixed,
        hidden,
        icon,
        test_url,
        history,
+        extra,
        capabilities: ProxyCapabilities {
            udp,
            xudp,
@@ -452,7 +456,9 @@ fn build_node(record_id: String, name: String, proxy: Proxy, source: ProxyNodeSo
        hidden,
        icon,
        test_url,
+        alive,
        history,
+        extra,
        udp,
        xudp,
        tfo,
@@ -466,7 +472,9 @@ fn build_node(record_id: String, name: String, proxy: Proxy, source: ProxyNodeSo
        record_id,
        name,
        proxy_type,
+        alive,
        history,
+        extra,
        id,
        hidden,
        icon,
@@ -520,3 +528,62 @@ fn build_standalone(core_node_ids: &BTreeMap<String, String>) -> Vec<String> {
    );
    standalone
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use serde_json::json;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn provider_echo_in_proxies_does_not_override_group_membership() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let view = ProxyViewBuilder::build(ProxyViewInput {
+            runtime_group_order: vec!["A".into(), "B".into()],
+            group_scopes: ["A", "B"]
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|name| {
+                    (
+                        name.into(),
+                        GroupScope {
+                            providers: vec![name.into()],
+                            exclude_types: vec![],
+                        },
+                    )
+                })
+                .collect(),
+            proxies: serde_json::from_value(json!({"proxies": {
+                "A": {"all": ["node"], "type": "Selector"},
+                "B": {"all": ["node"], "type": "Selector"},
+                "node": {"name": "node", "provider-name": "A", "history": [{"time": "2026-10-08T00:00:00Z", "delay": 32}]}
+            }}))?,
+            providers: Some(serde_json::from_value(json!({"providers": {
+                "A": {"vehicleType": "Inline", "proxies": [{"name": "node", "history": [{"time": "2026-10-08T00:00:00Z", "delay": 32}]}]},
+                "B": {"vehicleType": "Inline", "proxies": [{"name": "node", "history": [{"time": "2026-10-08T00:00:00Z", "delay": 123}]}]}
+            }}))?),
+        });
+        for (group, expected) in view.groups.iter().zip([32, 123]) {
+            let ProxyMemberRef::Node { record_id, .. } = &group.members[0] else {
+                anyhow::bail!("Expected node")
+            };
+            let record = &view.records[record_id];
+            assert_eq!(record.history.last().map(|entry| entry.delay), Some(expected));
+            assert!(
+                matches!(&record.source, ProxyNodeSource::Provider { provider_name, .. } if provider_name == &group.name)
+            );
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn unavailable_provider_keeps_core_echo_interactable() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let view = ProxyViewBuilder::build(ProxyViewInput {
+            runtime_group_order: vec!["A".into()],
+            group_scopes: BTreeMap::new(),
+            proxies: serde_json::from_value(json!({"proxies": {
+                "A": {"all": ["node"], "type": "Selector"},
+                "node": {"name": "node", "provider-name": "provider"}
+            }}))?,
+            providers: None,
+        });
+        assert!(matches!(&view.groups[0].members[0], ProxyMemberRef::Node { .. }));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ pub enum ServiceHealth {
 }

 impl ServiceHealth {
-    const fn kind(&self) -> ServiceHealthKind {
+    const fn kind(&self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
-            Self::Unknown => ServiceHealthKind::Unknown,
-            Self::Ready => ServiceHealthKind::Ready,
-            Self::NotInstalled => ServiceHealthKind::NotInstalled,
-            Self::VersionMismatch => ServiceHealthKind::VersionMismatch,
-            Self::Unavailable(_) => ServiceHealthKind::Unavailable,
+            Self::Unknown => "unknown",
+            Self::Ready => "ready",
+            Self::NotInstalled => "notInstalled",
+            Self::VersionMismatch => "versionMismatch",
+            Self::Unavailable(_) => "unavailable",
        }
    }

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ impl ServiceHealth {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum PendingAction {
    Install,
@@ -118,11 +118,11 @@ impl RunState {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct RunStateView {
    pub mode: RunningMode,
-    pub service: ServiceHealthKind,
+    pub service: &'static str,
    pub service_unavailable_reason: Option<String>,
    pub pending_action: Option<PendingAction>,
    pub sidecar_allowed: bool,
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ mod tests {

        let view = run_state.to_view();

-        assert_eq!(view.service, ServiceHealthKind::Unavailable);
+        assert_eq!(view.service, "unavailable");
        assert_eq!(view.service_unavailable_reason.as_deref(), Some("socket refused"));
        assert_eq!(view.pending_action, Some(PendingAction::Reinstall));
        assert!(view.tun_capable, "elevation alone makes TUN possible");
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn a_healthy_view_reports_no_unavailable_reason() {
        let view = state(ServiceHealth::Ready, false, false).to_view();

-        assert_eq!(view.service, ServiceHealthKind::Ready);
+        assert_eq!(view.service, "ready");
        assert_eq!(view.service_unavailable_reason, None);
        assert!(view.service_usable);
        assert!(!view.service_needs_attention);
@@ -350,13 +350,3 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(settled.tun_should_be_disabled(true));
    }
 }
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub enum ServiceHealthKind {
-    Unknown,
-    Ready,
-    NotInstalled,
-    VersionMismatch,
-    Unavailable,
-}
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ static PENDING_SERVICE_REPAIR_NOTICE: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
 static PENDING_SERVICE_OWNER_NOTICE: Mutex<Option<String>> = Mutex::new(None);

 /// Why the Service was unavailable when the core fell back to Sidecar.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "kind", content = "reason", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ServiceFallbackNotice {
    Unavailable,
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+use super::Tray;
+use crate::{
+    Type, cmd,
+    config::Config,
+    core::{
+        handle,
+        notify::{Refresh, announce},
+        proxy_view::{ProxyMemberRef, ProxyNodeSource},
+    },
+    logging,
+};
+
+const TRAY_DELAY_TEST_CONCURRENCY: usize = 10;
+const TRAY_DEFAULT_LATENCY_URL: &str = "http://cp.cloudflare.com/generate_204";
+
+fn is_latency_test_url(raw: &str) -> bool {
+    let raw = raw.trim();
+    raw.split_once("://")
+        .is_some_and(|(scheme, _)| scheme.eq_ignore_ascii_case("http") || scheme.eq_ignore_ascii_case("https"))
+        && tauri::Url::parse(raw).is_ok_and(|url| url.has_host() && matches!(url.scheme(), "http" | "https"))
+}
+
+pub(super) fn test_url(
+    group: &crate::core::proxy_view::ProxyGroupView,
+    verge: &crate::config::IVerge,
+    profiles: &crate::config::IProfiles,
+) -> String {
+    let custom_url = profiles
+        .current
+        .as_ref()
+        .and_then(|uid| profiles.get_item(uid).ok())
+        .and_then(|profile| profile.latency_test_urls.as_ref())
+        .and_then(|urls| urls.get(group.name.as_str()))
+        .map(|url| url.as_str())
+        .filter(|url| !url.trim().is_empty());
+    let group_url = group.test_url.as_deref().filter(|url| !url.trim().is_empty());
+    let default_url = verge
+        .default_latency_test
+        .as_deref()
+        .filter(|url| !url.trim().is_empty());
+    custom_url
+        .or(group_url)
+        .or(default_url)
+        .filter(|&url| is_latency_test_url(url))
+        .unwrap_or(TRAY_DEFAULT_LATENCY_URL)
+        .trim()
+        .to_owned()
+}
+
+static RUNNING: parking_lot::Mutex<std::collections::BTreeSet<String>> =
+    parking_lot::Mutex::new(std::collections::BTreeSet::new());
+
+pub(super) fn is_running(group_name: &str) -> bool {
+    RUNNING.lock().contains(group_name)
+}
+
+pub(super) async fn test_proxy_group_delay(group_name: &str) {
+    if !RUNNING.lock().insert(group_name.to_owned()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    Tray::global().refresh_latency_item(group_name);
+    let _running = scopeguard::guard(group_name, |name| {
+        RUNNING.lock().remove(name);
+        Tray::global().refresh_latency_item(name);
+    });
+    use futures::{StreamExt as _, stream};
+
+    let view = match cmd::proxy::get_proxy_view().await {
+        Ok(view) => view,
+        Err(err) => {
+            logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to read proxies for tray latency test: {err}");
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+    let verge = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
+
+    let group = view
+        .groups
+        .iter()
+        .chain(view.global.iter())
+        .find(|group| group.name.as_str() == group_name);
+    let Some(group) = group else {
+        logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Tray latency test group not found: {group_name}");
+        return;
+    };
+
+    let profiles = Config::profiles().await.latest_arc();
+    let url = test_url(group, &verge, &profiles);
+    let timeout = verge
+        .default_latency_timeout
+        .filter(|timeout| *timeout > 0)
+        .unwrap_or(10000) as u32;
+
+    let mut targets: Vec<(std::string::String, Option<std::string::String>)> = Vec::with_capacity(group.members.len());
+    for member in &group.members {
+        match member {
+            ProxyMemberRef::Node { name, record_id } => match view.records.get(record_id).map(|node| &node.source) {
+                Some(ProxyNodeSource::Provider {
+                    provider_name,
+                    proxy_name,
+                }) => targets.push((proxy_name.clone(), Some(provider_name.clone()))),
+                _ => targets.push((name.clone(), None)),
+            },
+            ProxyMemberRef::Group { name } => targets.push((name.clone(), None)),
+            ProxyMemberRef::Unresolved { .. } => {}
+        }
+    }
+    let mihomo = handle::Handle::mihomo();
+
+    stream::iter(targets.into_iter().map(move |(member, provider)| {
+        let url = url.clone();
+        async move {
+            let result = match provider {
+                Some(provider_name) => {
+                    mihomo
+                        .healthcheck_node_in_provider(&provider_name, &member, &url, timeout)
+                        .await
+                }
+                None => mihomo.delay_proxy_by_name(&member, &url, timeout).await,
+            };
+            if let Err(err) = result {
+                logging!(debug, Type::Tray, "Tray latency test failed: {member} - {err}");
+            }
+        }
+    }))
+    .buffer_unordered(TRAY_DELAY_TEST_CONCURRENCY)
+    .for_each(|()| std::future::ready(()))
+    .await;
+
+    if let Err(err) = cmd::proxy::sync_tray_proxy_selection().await {
+        logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to refresh tray after latency test: {err}");
+    }
+
+    announce(Refresh::Proxies);
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn latency_urls_require_a_valid_http_host_and_port() {
+        for invalid in [
+            "http://?",
+            "http://host:invalid",
+            "http://bad host/",
+            "ftp://localhost",
+            "http:localhost",
+        ] {
+            assert!(!is_latency_test_url(invalid), "{invalid}");
+        }
+        for valid in ["http://localhost/", " https://example.com/ ", "HTTP://localhost:8080/"] {
+            assert!(is_latency_test_url(valid), "{valid}");
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ define_menu! {
    outbound_modes => OUTBOUND_MODES, "tray_outbound_modes", "tray.outboundModes",
    profiles => PROFILES, "tray_profiles", "tray.profiles",
    proxies => PROXIES, "tray_proxies", "tray.proxies",
+    test_latency => TEST_LATENCY, "tray_test_latency", "tray.testLatency",
    system_proxy => SYSTEM_PROXY, "tray_system_proxy", "tray.systemProxy",
    tun_mode => TUN_MODE, "tray_tun_mode", "tray.tunMode",
    close_all_connections => CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS, "tray_close_all_connections", "tray.closeAllConnections",
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-use crate::config::{IProfilePreview, IProfiles, IVerge};
+use crate::config::{IProfilePreview, IVerge};
 use crate::core::lightweight;
+use crate::core::proxy_view::{ProxyGroupView, ProxyMemberRef, ProxyNodeSource, ProxyViewProviderState, ProxyViewV1};
 use crate::core::tray::menu_def::TrayAction;
 use crate::process::AsyncHandler;
 use crate::singleton;
@@ -14,7 +15,6 @@ use crate::{
 use clash_verge_limiter::{Limiter, SystemClock, SystemLimiter};
 use clash_verge_logging::logging_error;
 use tauri::tray::{MouseButton, MouseButtonState, TrayIcon, TrayIconBuilder, TrayIconEvent};
-use tauri_plugin_mihomo::models::Proxies;
 use tokio::fs;

 use super::handle;
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ use tauri::{
    menu::{CheckMenuItem, IsMenuItem, MenuEvent, MenuItem, PredefinedMenuItem, Submenu},
 };

+mod latency;
 mod menu_def;
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 mod speed_task;
@@ -41,10 +42,7 @@ const TRAY_CLICK_DEBOUNCE_MS: u64 = 300;
 pub const TRAY_ID: &str = "clash-verge-rev-tray";

 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
-struct TrayMenuOptions<'a> {
-    mode: Option<&'a str>,
-    system_proxy_enabled: bool,
-    tun_mode_enabled: bool,
+struct TrayMenuOptions {
    is_lightweight_mode: bool,
    include_proxy_groups: bool,
 }
@@ -58,8 +56,25 @@ enum IconKind {
    Tun,
 }

+struct LatencyMenuItem {
+    item: MenuItem<Wry>,
+    running: bool,
+    proxies: Vec<ProxyLatencyItem>,
+    provider_state: ProxyViewProviderState,
+}
+
+struct ProxyLatencyItem {
+    item: CheckMenuItem<Wry>,
+    name: std::string::String,
+    provider_name: Option<std::string::String>,
+    text: std::string::String,
+}
+
 pub struct Tray {
    limiter: SystemLimiter,
+    proxy_hover_limiter: SystemLimiter,
+    menu_update: tokio::sync::Mutex<()>,
+    latency_items: parking_lot::Mutex<HashMap<std::string::String, LatencyMenuItem>>,
    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
    speed_controller: speed_task::TraySpeedController,
 }
@@ -133,6 +148,9 @@ impl Default for Tray {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            limiter: Limiter::new(Duration::from_millis(TRAY_CLICK_DEBOUNCE_MS), SystemClock),
+            proxy_hover_limiter: Limiter::new(Duration::from_secs(1), SystemClock),
+            menu_update: tokio::sync::Mutex::new(()),
+            latency_items: parking_lot::Mutex::new(HashMap::new()),
            #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
            speed_controller: speed_task::TraySpeedController::new(),
        }
@@ -198,14 +216,16 @@ impl Tray {
    }

    async fn update_menu_internal(&self, app_handle: &AppHandle, include_proxy_groups: bool) -> Result<()> {
+        let _update = self.menu_update.lock().await;
        let Some(tray) = app_handle.tray_by_id(TRAY_ID) else {
            logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to update tray menu: tray not found");
            return Ok(());
        };

        let verge = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
-        let system_proxy = verge.enable_system_proxy.unwrap_or(false);
-        let tun_mode = verge.enable_tun_mode.unwrap_or(false);
+        let system_proxy = verge.enable_system_proxy.as_ref().unwrap_or(&false);
+        let tun_mode = verge.enable_tun_mode.as_ref().unwrap_or(&false);
+        let tun_mode_available = crate::core::runstate::RUN_STATE.state().tun_capable();
        let mode = {
            Config::clash()
                .await
@@ -216,78 +236,138 @@ impl Tray {
                .unwrap_or("rule")
                .to_owned()
        };
+        let profiles_config = Config::profiles().await;
+        let profiles_arc = profiles_config.latest_arc();
+        let profiles_preview = profiles_arc.profiles_preview().unwrap_or_default();
        let is_lightweight_mode = is_in_lightweight_mode();

-        let fetch_proxy_groups =
-            include_proxy_groups && verge.tray_proxy_groups_display_mode.as_deref() != Some("disable");
-
-        // TODO: should update tray menu again when it was timeout error
-        let (proxy_nodes_data, runtime_proxy_groups_order) = if fetch_proxy_groups {
-            let proxy_nodes_data =
-                tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_millis(1000), handle::Handle::mihomo().get_proxies())
-                    .await
-                    .map_or(None, |res| res.ok());
-
-            let runtime = Config::runtime().await.latest_arc();
-            let runtime_proxy_groups_order = runtime.config.as_ref().map(|config| {
-                config
-                    .get("proxy-groups")
-                    .and_then(|groups| groups.as_sequence())
-                    .map(|groups| {
-                        groups
-                            .iter()
-                            .filter_map(|group| group.get("name"))
-                            .filter_map(|name| name.as_str())
-                            .enumerate()
-                            .map(|(index, name)| (name.into(), index))
-                            .collect::<HashMap<String, usize>>()
-                    })
-                    .unwrap_or_default()
-            });
-
-            (proxy_nodes_data, runtime_proxy_groups_order)
-        } else {
-            (None, None)
-        };
-
-        let verge = if fetch_proxy_groups {
-            Config::verge().await.latest_arc()
-        } else {
-            verge
-        };
-        let profiles = Config::profiles().await.latest_arc();
-
-        let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::oneshot::channel();
-        let dispatch_handle = app_handle.clone();
-        app_handle
-            .run_on_main_thread(move || {
-                let _ = tx.send((|| -> Result<()> {
-                    let menu = build_tray_menu(
-                        &dispatch_handle,
-                        TrayMenuOptions {
-                            mode: Some(mode.as_str()),
-                            system_proxy_enabled: system_proxy,
-                            tun_mode_enabled: tun_mode,
-                            is_lightweight_mode,
-                            include_proxy_groups,
-                        },
-                        &verge,
-                        &profiles,
-                        runtime_proxy_groups_order,
-                        proxy_nodes_data,
-                    )?;
-                    logging_error!(Type::Tray, tray.set_menu(Some(menu)));
-                    Ok(())
-                })());
-            })
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to dispatch tray menu update: {e}"))?;
-        rx.await
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow::anyhow!("Tray menu update returned no result"))??;
+        let (menu, latency_items) = create_tray_menu(
+            app_handle,
+            Some(mode.as_str()),
+            *system_proxy,
+            *tun_mode,
+            tun_mode_available,
+            profiles_preview,
+            TrayMenuOptions {
+                is_lightweight_mode,
+                include_proxy_groups,
+            },
+        )
+        .await?;
+        tray.set_menu(Some(menu))?;
+        let groups: Vec<_> = latency_items.keys().cloned().collect();
+        *self.latency_items.lock() = latency_items;
+        for group in groups {
+            self.refresh_latency_item(&group);
+        }

        logging!(debug, Type::Tray, "托盘菜单更新成功");
        Ok(())
    }

+    async fn refresh_proxy_items(&'static self) {
+        let Ok(update) = self.menu_update.try_lock() else {
+            return;
+        };
+        if self.latency_items.lock().is_empty() || handle::Handle::global().is_exiting() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let Ok(Ok(view)) = tokio::time::timeout(
+            Duration::from_secs(1),
+            cmd::proxy::proxy_view(Some(Duration::from_millis(750))),
+        )
+        .await
+        else {
+            return;
+        };
+        if self
+            .latency_items
+            .lock()
+            .values()
+            .any(|entry| entry.provider_state != view.provider_state)
+        {
+            // Provider fallback changes member identities; rebuild through the existing queue.
+            drop(update);
+            logging_error!(Type::Tray, cmd::proxy::sync_tray_proxy_selection().await);
+            return;
+        }
+        let verge = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
+        let profiles = Config::profiles().await.latest_arc();
+        logging_error!(
+            Type::Tray,
+            handle::Handle::app_handle().run_on_main_thread(move || {
+                // Keep rebuilding serialized until these handles have received their snapshot.
+                let _update = update;
+                let mut items = self.latency_items.lock();
+                for (group_name, entry) in items.iter_mut() {
+                    let Some(group) = find_group(&view, group_name) else {
+                        continue;
+                    };
+                    let url = latency::test_url(group, &verge, &profiles);
+                    let mut members = HashMap::with_capacity(group.members.len());
+                    for member in &group.members {
+                        members
+                            .entry((member_name(member), member_provider(&view, member)))
+                            .or_insert(member);
+                    }
+                    for proxy in &mut entry.proxies {
+                        let Some(member) = members.get(&(proxy.name.as_str(), proxy.provider_name.as_deref())) else {
+                            continue;
+                        };
+                        let text = proxy_item_text(&view, member, &url, &verge);
+                        let checked = group.now.as_ref() == Some(&proxy.name);
+                        if text != proxy.text {
+                            match proxy.item.set_text(&text) {
+                                Ok(()) => proxy.text = text,
+                                Err(err) => logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to refresh proxy latency: {err}"),
+                            }
+                        }
+                        match proxy.item.is_checked() {
+                            Ok(current) if current != checked => {
+                                logging_error!(Type::Tray, proxy.item.set_checked(checked))
+                            }
+                            Err(err) => logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to read proxy selection: {err}"),
+                            _ => {}
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            })
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn refresh_latency_item(&self, group_name: &str) {
+        let group_name = group_name.to_owned();
+        logging_error!(
+            Type::Tray,
+            handle::Handle::app_handle().run_on_main_thread(move || {
+                Self::global().refresh_latency_item_on_main_thread(&group_name);
+            })
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn refresh_latency_item_on_main_thread(&self, group_name: &str) {
+        let running = latency::is_running(group_name);
+        let item = {
+            let mut items = self.latency_items.lock();
+            items.get_mut(group_name).and_then(|entry| {
+                if entry.running == running {
+                    return None;
+                }
+                entry.running = running;
+                Some(entry.item.clone())
+            })
+        };
+        if let Some(item) = item {
+            let label = if running {
+                clash_verge_i18n::t!("tray.testingLatency")
+            } else {
+                clash_verge_i18n::t!("tray.testLatency")
+            };
+            logging_error!(Type::Tray, item.set_text(label));
+            logging_error!(Type::Tray, item.set_enabled(!running));
+        }
+    }
+
    pub async fn update_icon(&self, verge: &IVerge) -> Result<()> {
        if handle::Handle::global().is_exiting() {
            logging!(debug, Type::Tray, "应用正在退出，跳过托盘图标更新");
@@ -503,96 +583,175 @@ fn create_profile_menu_item(
        .collect()
 }

+const UNTESTED_DELAY_TEXT: &str = "-ms";
+const TIMEOUT_DELAY_TEXT: &str = "T/O";
+const TRAY_GROUP_DEPTH_LIMIT: usize = 8;
+
+const fn member_name(member: &ProxyMemberRef) -> &str {
+    match member {
+        ProxyMemberRef::Node { name, .. }
+        | ProxyMemberRef::Group { name }
+        | ProxyMemberRef::Unresolved { name, .. } => name.as_str(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn find_group<'a>(view: &'a ProxyViewV1, name: &str) -> Option<&'a ProxyGroupView> {
+    view.groups
+        .iter()
+        .chain(view.global.iter())
+        .find(|group| group.name.as_str() == name)
+}
+
+/// The delay recorded for `url`, falling back to the node's latest measurement under any URL, so a
+/// node the core tested on its own still shows a value.
+fn node_delay(view: &ProxyViewV1, record_id: &str, url: &str) -> Option<u16> {
+    view.records
+        .get(record_id)
+        .map(|node| node.extra.get(url).map_or(&node.history, |extra| &extra.history))
+        .and_then(|history| history.last())
+        .map(|history| history.delay)
+}
+
+/// A group row shows the delay of the node the group currently selects. The core never writes a
+/// history for the group itself, so `now` is followed until the chain reaches a node.
+fn selected_member_delay(view: &ProxyViewV1, group_name: &str, url: &str) -> Option<u16> {
+    let mut current = group_name;
+    for _ in 0..TRAY_GROUP_DEPTH_LIMIT {
+        let Some(group) = find_group(view, current) else { break };
+        let Some(now) = group.now.as_deref().filter(|now| !now.is_empty() && *now != current) else {
+            break;
+        };
+        let Some(member) = group.members.iter().find(|member| member_name(member) == now) else {
+            break;
+        };
+        match member {
+            ProxyMemberRef::Node { record_id, .. } => return node_delay(view, record_id, url),
+            ProxyMemberRef::Group { name } => current = name.as_str(),
+            ProxyMemberRef::Unresolved { .. } => break,
+        }
+    }
+    find_group(view, group_name)
+        .map(|group| group.extra.get(url).map_or(&group.history, |extra| &extra.history))
+        .and_then(|history| history.last())
+        .map(|history| history.delay)
+}
+
+fn member_provider<'a>(view: &'a ProxyViewV1, member: &ProxyMemberRef) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    let ProxyMemberRef::Node { record_id, .. } = member else {
+        return None;
+    };
+    match &view.records.get(record_id)?.source {
+        ProxyNodeSource::Provider { provider_name, .. } => Some(provider_name),
+        ProxyNodeSource::Core { .. } => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn proxy_item_text(view: &ProxyViewV1, member: &ProxyMemberRef, url: &str, verge: &IVerge) -> std::string::String {
+    let timeout = verge
+        .default_latency_timeout
+        .filter(|timeout| *timeout > 0)
+        .unwrap_or(10000);
+    let delay = match member {
+        ProxyMemberRef::Node { record_id, .. } => node_delay(view, record_id, url),
+        ProxyMemberRef::Group { name } => selected_member_delay(view, name, url),
+        ProxyMemberRef::Unresolved { .. } => None,
+    };
+    let delay_text = delay.map_or_else(
+        || UNTESTED_DELAY_TEXT.to_owned(),
+        |delay| {
+            if delay == 0 || u32::from(delay) >= timeout as u32 {
+                TIMEOUT_DELAY_TEXT.to_owned()
+            } else {
+                format!("{delay}ms")
+            }
+        },
+    );
+    format!("{}   | {delay_text}", member_name(member))
+}
+
 fn create_subcreate_proxy_menu_item(
    app_handle: &AppHandle,
    proxy_mode: &str,
-    proxy_group_order_map: Option<HashMap<String, usize>>,
-    proxy_nodes_data: Option<Proxies>,
+    view: Option<ProxyViewV1>,
+    latency_items: &mut HashMap<std::string::String, LatencyMenuItem>,
+    texts: &MenuTexts,
+    verge: &IVerge,
+    profiles: &crate::config::IProfiles,
 ) -> Vec<Submenu<Wry>> {
-    let proxy_submenus: Vec<Submenu<Wry>> = {
-        let mut submenus: Vec<(String, usize, Submenu<Wry>)> = Vec::new();
-
-        // TODO: 应用启动时，内核还未启动完全，无法获取代理节点信息
-        if let Some(proxy_nodes_data) = proxy_nodes_data {
-            for (group_name, group_data) in proxy_nodes_data.proxies.iter() {
-                let should_show = match proxy_mode {
-                    "global" => group_name == "GLOBAL",
-                    _ => group_name != "GLOBAL",
-                } && !group_data.hidden.unwrap_or_default();
-
-                if !should_show {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                let Some(all_proxies) = group_data.all.as_ref() else {
-                    continue;
-                };
-
-                let now_proxy = group_data.now.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
-
-                let group_items: Vec<CheckMenuItem<Wry>> = all_proxies
-                    .iter()
-                    .filter_map(|proxy_str| {
-                        let is_selected = *proxy_str == now_proxy;
-                        let item_id = format!("proxy_{}_{}", group_name, proxy_str);
-
-                        let delay_text = proxy_nodes_data
-                            .proxies
-                            .get(proxy_str)
-                            .and_then(|h| h.history.last())
-                            .map(|h| match h.delay {
-                                0 => "-ms".into(),
-                                delay if delay >= 10000 => "-ms".into(),
-                                _ => format!("{}ms", h.delay),
-                            })
-                            .unwrap_or_else(|| "-ms".into());
-
-                        let display_text = format!("{}   | {}", proxy_str, delay_text);
-
-                        CheckMenuItem::with_id(app_handle, item_id, display_text, true, is_selected, None::<&str>)
-                            .map_err(|e| logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to create proxy menu item: {}", e))
-                            .ok()
-                    })
-                    .collect();
-
-                if group_items.is_empty() {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                let group_display_name = group_name.to_string();
-
-                let group_items_refs: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>> =
-                    group_items.iter().map(|item| item as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>).collect();
-
-                if let Ok(submenu) = Submenu::with_id_and_items(
-                    app_handle,
-                    format!("proxy_group_{}", group_name),
-                    group_display_name,
-                    true,
-                    &group_items_refs,
-                ) {
-                    let insertion_index = submenus.len();
-                    submenus.push((group_name.into(), insertion_index, submenu));
-                } else {
-                    logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to create proxy group submenu: {}", group_name);
-                }
+    let Some(view) = view else { return Vec::new() };
+    view.groups
+        .iter()
+        .chain(view.global.iter())
+        .filter_map(|group| {
+            if group.hidden.unwrap_or_default() || (proxy_mode == "global") != (group.name == "GLOBAL") {
+                return None;
            }
-        }
-
-        if let Some(order_map) = proxy_group_order_map.as_ref() {
-            submenus.sort_by(|(name_a, original_index_a, _), (name_b, original_index_b, _)| {
-                match (order_map.get(name_a), order_map.get(name_b)) {
-                    (Some(index_a), Some(index_b)) => index_a.cmp(index_b),
-                    (Some(_), None) => std::cmp::Ordering::Less,
-                    (None, Some(_)) => std::cmp::Ordering::Greater,
-                    (None, None) => original_index_a.cmp(original_index_b),
-                }
-            });
-        }
-
-        submenus.into_iter().map(|(_, _, submenu)| submenu).collect()
-    };
-    proxy_submenus
+            let url = latency::test_url(group, verge, profiles);
+            let proxies: Vec<ProxyLatencyItem> = group
+                .members
+                .iter()
+                .filter_map(|member| {
+                    let name = member_name(member);
+                    let text = proxy_item_text(&view, member, &url, verge);
+                    let checked = group.now.as_deref() == Some(name);
+                    CheckMenuItem::with_id(
+                        app_handle,
+                        format!("proxy_{}_{}", group.name, name),
+                        &text,
+                        true,
+                        checked,
+                        None::<&str>,
+                    )
+                    .map(|item| ProxyLatencyItem {
+                        item,
+                        name: name.to_owned(),
+                        provider_name: member_provider(&view, member).map(str::to_owned),
+                        text,
+                    })
+                    .map_err(|e| logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to create proxy menu item: {e}"))
+                    .ok()
+                })
+                .collect();
+            let group_items: Vec<_> = proxies.iter().map(|proxy| proxy.item.clone()).collect();
+            if group_items.is_empty() {
+                return None;
+            }
+            let running = latency::is_running(&group.name);
+            let test_item = MenuItem::with_id(
+                app_handle,
+                format!("{}_{}", MenuIds::TEST_LATENCY, group.name),
+                if running {
+                    clash_verge_i18n::t!("tray.testingLatency")
+                } else {
+                    texts.test_latency.clone()
+                },
+                !running,
+                None::<&str>,
+            )
+            .ok()?;
+            latency_items.insert(
+                group.name.clone(),
+                LatencyMenuItem {
+                    item: test_item.clone(),
+                    running,
+                    proxies,
+                    provider_state: view.provider_state,
+                },
+            );
+            let separator = PredefinedMenuItem::separator(app_handle).ok()?;
+            let mut items: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>> = vec![&test_item, &separator];
+            items.extend(group_items.iter().map(|item| item as &dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>));
+            Submenu::with_id_and_items(
+                app_handle,
+                format!("proxy_group_{}", group.name),
+                &group.name,
+                true,
+                &items,
+            )
+            .map_err(|e| logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "Failed to create proxy group submenu: {e}"))
+            .ok()
+        })
+        .collect()
 }

 fn create_proxy_menu_item(
@@ -631,16 +790,39 @@ fn create_proxy_menu_item(
    Ok((proxies_submenu, inline_proxy_items))
 }

-fn build_tray_menu(
+async fn create_tray_menu(
    app_handle: &AppHandle,
-    options: TrayMenuOptions<'_>,
-    verge_settings: &IVerge,
-    profiles_config: &IProfiles,
-    proxy_group_order_map: Option<HashMap<String, usize>>,
-    proxy_nodes_data: Option<Proxies>,
-) -> Result<tauri::menu::Menu<Wry>> {
-    let current_proxy_mode = options.mode.unwrap_or("");
-    let tun_mode_available = crate::core::runstate::RUN_STATE.state().tun_capable();
+    mode: Option<&str>,
+    system_proxy_enabled: bool,
+    tun_mode_enabled: bool,
+    tun_mode_available: bool,
+    profiles_preview: Vec<IProfilePreview<'_>>,
+    options: TrayMenuOptions,
+) -> Result<(tauri::menu::Menu<Wry>, HashMap<std::string::String, LatencyMenuItem>)> {
+    let current_proxy_mode = mode.unwrap_or("");
+
+    let mut verge_settings = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
+    let fetch_proxy_groups =
+        options.include_proxy_groups && verge_settings.tray_proxy_groups_display_mode.as_deref() != Some("disable");
+
+    // Proxy data must remain optional so a stopped Core cannot roll back unrelated settings.
+    let proxy_view = if fetch_proxy_groups {
+        tokio::time::timeout(
+            Duration::from_millis(1000),
+            cmd::proxy::proxy_view(Some(Duration::from_millis(750))),
+        )
+        .await
+        .ok()
+        .and_then(Result::ok)
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
+
+    if fetch_proxy_groups {
+        verge_settings = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
+    }
+
+    let profiles_config = Config::profiles().await.latest_arc();

    let tray_proxy_groups_display_mode = verge_settings
        .tray_proxy_groups_display_mode
@@ -654,8 +836,7 @@ fn build_tray_menu(

    let hotkeys = create_hotkeys(&verge_settings.hotkeys);

-    let profile_menu_items: Vec<CheckMenuItem<Wry>> =
-        create_profile_menu_item(app_handle, profiles_config.profiles_preview().unwrap_or_default())?;
+    let profile_menu_items: Vec<CheckMenuItem<Wry>> = create_profile_menu_item(app_handle, profiles_preview)?;

    let texts = MenuTexts::new();
    let profile_menu_items_refs: Vec<&dyn IsMenuItem<Wry>> = profile_menu_items
@@ -728,9 +909,17 @@ fn build_tray_menu(
        &profile_menu_items_refs,
    )?;

+    let mut latency_items = HashMap::new();
    let (proxies_menu, inline_proxy_items) = if include_proxy_groups {
-        let proxy_sub_menus =
-            create_subcreate_proxy_menu_item(app_handle, current_proxy_mode, proxy_group_order_map, proxy_nodes_data);
+        let proxy_sub_menus = create_subcreate_proxy_menu_item(
+            app_handle,
+            current_proxy_mode,
+            proxy_view,
+            &mut latency_items,
+            &texts,
+            &verge_settings,
+            &profiles_config,
+        );

        match tray_proxy_groups_display_mode {
            "default" => create_proxy_menu_item(app_handle, false, proxy_sub_menus, &texts.proxies)?,
@@ -746,7 +935,7 @@ fn build_tray_menu(
        MenuIds::SYSTEM_PROXY,
        &texts.system_proxy,
        true,
-        options.system_proxy_enabled,
+        system_proxy_enabled,
        hotkeys.get("toggle_system_proxy").copied(),
    )?;

@@ -755,7 +944,7 @@ fn build_tray_menu(
        MenuIds::TUN_MODE,
        &texts.tun_mode,
        tun_mode_available,
-        options.tun_mode_enabled,
+        tun_mode_enabled,
        hotkeys.get("toggle_tun_mode").copied(),
    )?;

@@ -874,10 +1063,25 @@ fn build_tray_menu(
    ]);

    let menu = tauri::menu::MenuBuilder::new(app_handle).items(&menu_items).build()?;
-    Ok(menu)
+    Ok((menu, latency_items))
 }

 fn on_tray_icon_event(_tray_icon: &TrayIcon, tray_event: TrayIconEvent) {
+    let refresh_proxies = match tray_event {
+        TrayIconEvent::Enter { .. } => Tray::global().proxy_hover_limiter.check(),
+        TrayIconEvent::Click {
+            button: MouseButton::Left | MouseButton::Right,
+            button_state: MouseButtonState::Down,
+            ..
+        } => true,
+        _ => false,
+    };
+    if refresh_proxies {
+        AsyncHandler::spawn(|| async {
+            Tray::global().refresh_proxy_items().await;
+        });
+    }
+
    if matches!(
        tray_event,
        TrayIconEvent::Move { .. } | TrayIconEvent::Leave { .. } | TrayIconEvent::Enter { .. }
@@ -956,15 +1160,7 @@ fn on_menu_event(_: &AppHandle, event: MenuEvent) {
                    logging!(error, Type::Tray, "Failed to close all connections from tray: {err}");
                }
            }
-            MenuIds::COPY_ENV => {
-                if let Err(err) = feat::copy_clash_env().await {
-                    logging!(
-                        error,
-                        Type::Tray,
-                        "Failed to copy proxy environment variables from tray: {err:#}"
-                    );
-                }
-            }
+            MenuIds::COPY_ENV => feat::copy_clash_env().await,
            MenuIds::CONF_DIR => {
                let _ = cmd::open_app_dir().await;
            }
@@ -999,6 +1195,15 @@ fn on_menu_event(_: &AppHandle, event: MenuEvent) {
                };
                feat::toggle_proxy_profile(profile_index.into()).await;
            }
+            id if id.starts_with(MenuIds::TEST_LATENCY) => {
+                let group_name = id
+                    .strip_prefix(MenuIds::TEST_LATENCY)
+                    .and_then(|rest| rest.strip_prefix('_'));
+                if let Some(group_name) = group_name {
+                    logging!(info, Type::Tray, "Tray menu: test group latency {}", group_name);
+                    latency::test_proxy_group_delay(group_name).await;
+                }
+            }
            id if id.starts_with("proxy_") => {
                let rest = match id.strip_prefix("proxy_") {
                    Some(r) => r,
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ impl SilentUpdater {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
 struct UpdateCacheMeta {
    version: String,
    downloaded_at: String,
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ fn nsis_language_id(app_language: &str) -> &'static str {
 }

 /// Same wire shape as the updater plugin's JS `DownloadEvent`.
-#[derive(Clone, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Serialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "event", content = "data")]
 pub enum DownloadEvent {
    #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ pub struct CoreConfigValidator {
    is_processing: AtomicBool,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ValidationErrorKind {
    FileMissing,
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ impl ValidationErrorKind {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ValidationSkipReason {
    Exiting,
@@ -110,18 +110,12 @@ impl fmt::Display for ValidationSkipReason {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ValidationOutcome {
    Valid,
-    Invalid {
-        kind: ValidationErrorKind,
-        #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
-        message: String,
-    },
-    Skipped {
-        reason: ValidationSkipReason,
-    },
+    Invalid { kind: ValidationErrorKind, message: String },
+    Skipped { reason: ValidationSkipReason },
    Busy,
 }

@@ -16,13 +16,10 @@ use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use tokio::fs;

-#[derive(Debug, Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
 pub struct LocalBackupFile {
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub filename: String,
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub path: String,
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub last_modified: String,
    pub content_length: u64,
 }
@@ -34,10 +34,12 @@ static STAGING_GENERATION: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(0);
 /// `.rollback` and `.old` are fixed paths, so two upgrades must not overlap.
 static UPGRADE_LOCK: tokio::sync::Mutex<()> = tokio::sync::Mutex::const_new(());

-#[derive(Debug, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, serde::Serialize)]
 pub struct CoreUpgradeReport {
    /// False when the managed core was already at the latest version.
    pub upgraded: bool,
+    pub from: std::string::String,
+    pub to: std::string::String,
 }

 pub async fn upgrade_core(force: bool) -> Result<CoreUpgradeReport> {
@@ -60,7 +62,11 @@ pub async fn upgrade_core(force: bool) -> Result<CoreUpgradeReport> {
    logging!(debug, Type::Core, "core upgrade: latest version resolved via {proxy:?}");

    if !force && installed == latest {
-        return Ok(CoreUpgradeReport { upgraded: false });
+        return Ok(CoreUpgradeReport {
+            upgraded: false,
+            from: installed,
+            to: latest,
+        });
    }

    let package = download_package(proxy, alpha, &latest).await?;
@@ -144,7 +150,11 @@ pub async fn upgrade_core(force: bool) -> Result<CoreUpgradeReport> {
    #[cfg(windows)]
    let _ = std::fs::remove_file(target.with_extension("old"));

-    Ok(CoreUpgradeReport { upgraded: true })
+    Ok(CoreUpgradeReport {
+        upgraded: true,
+        from: installed,
+        to: latest,
+    })
 }

 /// Whether this upgrade handed bytes to the Service's approved core directory.
@@ -15,14 +15,11 @@ use crate::{
    utils::dirs,
 };

-#[derive(Serialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Serialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "snake_case")]
 pub enum DnsOverrideOutcome {
    Applied,
-    ConfirmationRequired {
-        #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
-        source: String,
-    },
+    ConfirmationRequired { source: String },
 }

 pub async fn set_dns_override(
@@ -8,13 +8,10 @@ use std::path::{Component, Path, PathBuf};
 use tokio::fs;
 use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt as _;

-#[derive(Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
 pub struct IconInfo {
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    name: String,
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    previous_t: String,
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    current_t: String,
 }

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ use crate::{
        window_manager::WindowManager,
    },
 };
-use anyhow::Context as _;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use std::env;
 use tauri_plugin_clipboard_manager::ClipboardExt as _;
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ pub async fn toggle_tun_mode(not_save_file: Option<bool>) -> bool {
    }
 }

-pub async fn copy_clash_env() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+pub async fn copy_clash_env() {
    let env_ip = env::var("CLASH_VERGE_REV_IP").ok();
    let verge_cfg = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
    let ip = env_ip
@@ -134,11 +133,12 @@ pub async fn copy_clash_env() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        }
        "fish" => format!("set -x http_proxy {http_proxy}; set -x https_proxy {http_proxy}"),
        _ => {
-            anyhow::bail!("Invalid environment variable format: {env_type}");
+            logging!(error, Type::ProxyMode, "copy_clash_env: Invalid env type! {env_type}");
+            return;
        }
    };

-    clipboard
-        .write_text(export_text)
-        .context("Failed to write proxy environment variables to clipboard")
+    if let Err(err) = clipboard.write_text(&export_text) {
+        logging!(error, Type::ProxyMode, "Failed to write to clipboard: {err}");
+    }
 }
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ pub async fn open_or_close_dashboard() {
    logging!(info, Type::Window, "Window toggle result: {result:?}");
 }

-pub async fn quit() {
+pub async fn quit() -> clash_verge_signal::ShutdownOutcome {
    logging!(debug, Type::System, "启动退出流程");
    // 设置退出标志
    handle::Handle::global().set_is_exiting();
@@ -165,11 +165,13 @@ pub async fn quit() {
            NoticeStatus::AppQuitCoreStopFailed,
            cleanup_result.stop_error.unwrap_or_default(),
        );
+        return clash_verge_signal::ShutdownOutcome::Canceled;
    }

    utils::server::shutdown_embedded_server();
    let app_handle = handle::Handle::app_handle();
    app_handle.exit(if cleanup_result.all_success { 0 } else { 1 });
+    clash_verge_signal::ShutdownOutcome::Committed
 }

 pub async fn clean_async() -> CleanupResult {
@@ -1,234 +0,0 @@
-use crate::cmd;
-
-pub fn builder() -> tauri_specta::Builder<tauri::Wry> {
-    tauri_specta::Builder::new()
-        .types(&platform_types())
-        .commands(tauri_specta::collect_commands![
-            tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::commands::get_system_info,
-            tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::commands::get_app_uptime,
-            tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::commands::export_diagnostic_info::<tauri::Wry>,
-            cmd::probe_listener,
-            cmd::save_proxy_ports,
-            cmd::get_sys_proxy,
-            cmd::get_auto_proxy,
-            cmd::get_embedded_server_port,
-            cmd::open_app_dir,
-            cmd::open_logs_dir,
-            cmd::open_core_dir,
-            cmd::get_network_interfaces,
-            cmd::get_system_hostname,
-            cmd::restart_app,
-            cmd::install_update,
-            cmd::cancel_update_download,
-            cmd::restart_core,
-            cmd::upgrade_clash_core,
-            cmd::get_runtime_state,
-            cmd::get_pending_failures,
-            cmd::get_sidecar_failure,
-            cmd::entry_lightweight_mode,
-            cmd::install_service,
-            cmd::uninstall_service,
-            cmd::reinstall_service,
-            cmd::repair_service,
-            cmd::continue_with_sidecar,
-            cmd::sync_runtime_providers,
-            cmd::get_clash_info,
-            cmd::patch_clash_config,
-            cmd::patch_clash_mode,
-            cmd::get_clash_mode,
-            cmd::change_clash_core,
-            cmd::get_runtime_config,
-            cmd::get_proxy_view,
-            cmd::get_runtime_yaml,
-            cmd::get_runtime_logs,
-            cmd::get_runtime_proxy_chain_config,
-            cmd::update_proxy_chain_config_in_runtime,
-            cmd::invoke_uwp_tool,
-            cmd::copy_clash_env,
-            cmd::sync_tray_proxy_selection,
-            cmd::record_selected_node,
-            cmd::forget_selected_node,
-            cmd::save_dns_config,
-            cmd::apply_dns_config,
-            cmd::set_dns_override,
-            cmd::take_dns_override_notice,
-            cmd::take_service_fallback_notice,
-            cmd::get_core_startup_error,
-            cmd::take_service_repair_notice,
-            cmd::take_service_owner_notice,
-            cmd::take_discarded_keys_notice,
-            cmd::get_dns_config_content,
-            cmd::validate_dns_config,
-            cmd::get_clash_logs,
-            cmd::get_verge_config,
-            cmd::patch_verge_config,
-            cmd::test_delay,
-            cmd::get_app_dir,
-            cmd::copy_icon_file,
-            cmd::download_icon_cache,
-            cmd::open_devtools,
-            cmd::exit_app,
-            cmd::get_network_interfaces_info,
-            cmd::get_profiles,
-            cmd::enhance_profiles,
-            cmd::patch_profiles_config,
-            cmd::view_profile,
-            cmd::patch_profile,
-            cmd::create_profile,
-            cmd::import_profile,
-            cmd::reorder_profile,
-            cmd::update_profile,
-            cmd::delete_profile,
-            cmd::read_profile_file,
-            cmd::save_profile_file,
-            cmd::get_next_update_time,
-            cmd::create_local_backup,
-            cmd::list_local_backup,
-            cmd::delete_local_backup,
-            cmd::restore_local_backup,
-            cmd::import_local_backup,
-            cmd::export_local_backup,
-            cmd::create_webdav_backup,
-            cmd::save_webdav_config,
-            cmd::list_webdav_backup,
-            cmd::delete_webdav_backup,
-            cmd::restore_webdav_backup,
-            cmd::get_unlock_items,
-            cmd::check_media_unlock,
-            cmd::check_media_unlock_item,
-        ])
-        .error_handling(tauri_specta::ErrorHandlingMode::Throw)
-        .dangerously_cast_bigints_to_number()
-        .typ::<crate::core::notify::notification::VergeEventPayloads>()
-}
-
-// Tauri transports YAML values as JSON; keep YAML storage out of the IPC type graph.
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(transparent)]
-pub struct YamlMapping(#[specta(type = std::collections::HashMap<String, JsonValue>)] pub serde_yaml_ng::Mapping);
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(transparent)]
-pub struct YamlValue(#[specta(type = JsonValue)] pub serde_yaml_ng::Value);
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
-pub struct WebDavFile {
-    pub href: String,
-    #[specta(type = String)]
-    pub last_modified: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
-}
-
-impl From<reqwest_dav::list_cmd::ListFile> for WebDavFile {
-    fn from(file: reqwest_dav::list_cmd::ListFile) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            href: file.href,
-            last_modified: file.last_modified,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
-pub struct NetworkInterfaceView {
-    pub name: String,
-    pub addr: Vec<InterfaceAddress>,
-    pub mac_addr: Option<String>,
-}
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-pub enum InterfaceAddress {
-    V4(IpAddress),
-    V6(IpAddress),
-}
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-pub struct IpAddress {
-    pub ip: String,
-}
-
-impl From<network_interface::NetworkInterface> for NetworkInterfaceView {
-    fn from(interface: network_interface::NetworkInterface) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            name: interface.name,
-            addr: interface
-                .addr
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|address| match address {
-                    network_interface::Addr::V4(address) => InterfaceAddress::V4(IpAddress {
-                        ip: address.ip.to_string(),
-                    }),
-                    network_interface::Addr::V6(address) => InterfaceAddress::V6(IpAddress {
-                        ip: address.ip.to_string(),
-                    }),
-                })
-                .collect(),
-            mac_addr: interface.mac_addr,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-pub struct DelayHistory {
-    pub time: String,
-    pub delay: u16,
-}
-
-fn platform_types() -> specta::Types {
-    use specta::datatype::{DataType, Fields};
-    let mut types = specta::Types::default().register::<crate::config::IVerge>();
-    <PlatformVergeFields as specta::Type>::definition(&mut types);
-    let platform = types
-        .into_unsorted_iter()
-        .find(|ty| ty.name == "PlatformVergeFields")
-        .and_then(|ty| ty.ty.clone());
-    let Some(DataType::Struct(platform)) = platform else {
-        unreachable!()
-    };
-    let Fields::Named(platform) = platform.fields else {
-        unreachable!()
-    };
-    types.iter_mut(|ty| {
-        if ty.name != "IVerge" {
-            return;
-        }
-        let Some(DataType::Struct(config)) = &mut ty.ty else {
-            return;
-        };
-        let Fields::Named(fields) = &mut config.fields else {
-            return;
-        };
-        fields
-            .fields
-            .retain(|(name, _)| !platform.fields.iter().any(|(platform_name, _)| name == platform_name));
-        fields.fields.extend(platform.fields.iter().cloned());
-    });
-    types
-}
-
-// These fields exist only on some hosts; IPC generation covers every desktop target.
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-struct PlatformVergeFields {
-    #[specta(optional)]
-    tray_icon: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(optional)]
-    verge_redir_port: Option<u16>,
-    #[specta(optional)]
-    verge_redir_enabled: Option<bool>,
-    #[specta(optional)]
-    verge_tproxy_port: Option<u16>,
-    #[specta(optional)]
-    verge_tproxy_enabled: Option<bool>,
-    #[specta(optional)]
-    enable_tray_speed: Option<bool>,
-}
-
-#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
-#[serde(untagged)]
-pub enum JsonValue {
-    Null(()),
-    Bool(bool),
-    Number(f64),
-    String(String),
-    // Specta resolves fields in nested functions, where Self is unavailable.
-    Array(#[specta(type = Vec<JsonValue>)] Vec<Self>),
-    Object(#[specta(type = std::collections::HashMap<String, JsonValue>)] std::collections::HashMap<String, Self>),
-}
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ mod constants;
 mod core;
 mod enhance;
 mod feat;
-pub mod ipc;
 mod process;
 pub mod utils;

@@ -27,6 +26,9 @@ use tauri_plugin_deep_link::DeepLinkExt as _;

 pub static APP_HANDLE: OnceLock<AppHandle> = OnceLock::new();

+// Re-exported for src/bin/frontend-contract.rs; the wire contract stays owned
+// by core::notify.
+pub use crate::core::notify::frontend_wire_contract;
 /// Application initialization helper functions
 mod app_init {
    use super::*;
@@ -125,10 +127,100 @@ mod app_init {
    }

    pub fn generate_handlers() -> impl Fn(tauri::ipc::Invoke<tauri::Wry>) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static {
-        {
-            let builder = crate::ipc::builder();
-            move |invoke| builder.invoke_handler()(invoke)
-        }
+        tauri::generate_handler![
+            tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::commands::get_system_info,
+            tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::commands::get_app_uptime,
+            tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::commands::export_diagnostic_info,
+            cmd::probe_listener,
+            cmd::save_proxy_ports,
+            cmd::get_sys_proxy,
+            cmd::get_auto_proxy,
+            cmd::get_embedded_server_port,
+            cmd::open_app_dir,
+            cmd::open_logs_dir,
+            cmd::open_core_dir,
+            cmd::get_network_interfaces,
+            cmd::get_system_hostname,
+            cmd::restart_app,
+            cmd::install_update,
+            cmd::cancel_update_download,
+            cmd::restart_core,
+            cmd::upgrade_clash_core,
+            cmd::get_runtime_state,
+            cmd::get_pending_failures,
+            cmd::get_sidecar_failure,
+            cmd::entry_lightweight_mode,
+            cmd::install_service,
+            cmd::uninstall_service,
+            cmd::reinstall_service,
+            cmd::repair_service,
+            cmd::continue_with_sidecar,
+            cmd::sync_runtime_providers,
+            cmd::get_clash_info,
+            cmd::patch_clash_config,
+            cmd::patch_clash_mode,
+            cmd::get_clash_mode,
+            cmd::change_clash_core,
+            cmd::get_runtime_config,
+            cmd::get_proxy_view,
+            cmd::get_runtime_yaml,
+            cmd::get_runtime_logs,
+            cmd::get_runtime_proxy_chain_config,
+            cmd::update_proxy_chain_config_in_runtime,
+            cmd::invoke_uwp_tool,
+            cmd::copy_clash_env,
+            cmd::sync_tray_proxy_selection,
+            cmd::record_selected_node,
+            cmd::forget_selected_node,
+            cmd::save_dns_config,
+            cmd::apply_dns_config,
+            cmd::set_dns_override,
+            cmd::take_dns_override_notice,
+            cmd::take_service_fallback_notice,
+            cmd::get_core_startup_error,
+            cmd::take_service_repair_notice,
+            cmd::take_service_owner_notice,
+            cmd::take_discarded_keys_notice,
+            cmd::get_dns_config_content,
+            cmd::validate_dns_config,
+            cmd::get_clash_logs,
+            cmd::get_verge_config,
+            cmd::patch_verge_config,
+            cmd::test_delay,
+            cmd::get_app_dir,
+            cmd::copy_icon_file,
+            cmd::download_icon_cache,
+            cmd::open_devtools,
+            cmd::exit_app,
+            cmd::get_network_interfaces_info,
+            cmd::get_profiles,
+            cmd::enhance_profiles,
+            cmd::patch_profiles_config,
+            cmd::view_profile,
+            cmd::patch_profile,
+            cmd::create_profile,
+            cmd::import_profile,
+            cmd::reorder_profile,
+            cmd::update_profile,
+            cmd::delete_profile,
+            cmd::read_profile_file,
+            cmd::save_profile_file,
+            cmd::get_next_update_time,
+            cmd::create_local_backup,
+            cmd::list_local_backup,
+            cmd::delete_local_backup,
+            cmd::restore_local_backup,
+            cmd::import_local_backup,
+            cmd::export_local_backup,
+            cmd::create_webdav_backup,
+            cmd::save_webdav_config,
+            cmd::list_webdav_backup,
+            cmd::delete_webdav_backup,
+            cmd::restore_webdav_backup,
+            cmd::get_unlock_items,
+            cmd::check_media_unlock,
+            cmd::check_media_unlock_item,
+        ]
    }
 }

@@ -230,7 +322,6 @@ pub fn run() -> std::process::ExitCode {
            if let Err(panic) = std::panic::catch_unwind(std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe(|| {
                resolve::resolve_setup_async();
                resolve::resolve_setup_sync();
-                #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
                resolve::init_signal();
            })) {
                log_setup_panic("window-core", panic);
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
 #[cfg(not(all(feature = "perf-harness", target_os = "macos")))]
 fn main() -> ExitCode {
    let default_parallelism = std::thread::available_parallelism().map(|n| n.get()).unwrap_or(1);
-    let worker_limit = std::cmp::min(default_parallelism, 4);
+    let worker_limit = std::cmp::min(default_parallelism, 8);
    let blocking_limit = 2 * worker_limit;

    #[allow(clippy::unwrap_used)]
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ use crate::{
    utils::{init, server, window_manager::WindowManager},
 };
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
+use clash_verge_signal;

 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 pub mod dns;
@@ -188,8 +189,6 @@ async fn init_silent_updater() {
    logging!(info, Type::Setup, "Silent updater initialized");
 }

-// Upstream has no session-end signal support on Linux; see crates/clash-verge-signal.
-#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 pub(crate) fn init_signal() {
    logging!(debug, Type::Setup, "Initializing signal handlers...");
    clash_verge_signal::register(feat::quit);
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ static INSTANCE_LOCK: OnceLock<std::fs::File> = OnceLock::new();
 const PAC_INITIAL_AVAILABLE: bool = false;
 static PAC_AVAILABLE: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(PAC_INITIAL_AVAILABLE);
 static COMMANDS_READY: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
+#[cfg(feature = "verge-dev")]
+static DEV_QUIT_REQUESTED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);

 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum SingletonDisposition {
@@ -162,12 +164,55 @@ fn instance_auth(token: String) -> impl warp::Filter<Extract = (), Error = warp:
        .untuple_one()
 }

+#[cfg(feature = "verge-dev")]
+fn dev_quit_route<F>(
+    token: String,
+    commands_ready: &'static AtomicBool,
+    quit_requested: &'static AtomicBool,
+    trigger: F,
+) -> impl warp::Filter<Extract = (impl warp::Reply,), Error = warp::Rejection> + Clone
+where
+    F: Fn() + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+    instance_auth(token)
+        .and(warp::path!("commands" / "dev" / "quit"))
+        .and(warp::post())
+        .and_then(move || {
+            let trigger = trigger.clone();
+            async move {
+                if !commands_ready.load(Ordering::Acquire) {
+                    return Ok::<_, warp::Rejection>(warp::reply::with_status(
+                        String::from("starting"),
+                        warp::http::StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
+                    ));
+                }
+                if quit_requested
+                    .compare_exchange(false, true, Ordering::AcqRel, Ordering::Acquire)
+                    .is_ok()
+                {
+                    trigger();
+                }
+                Ok(warp::reply::with_status(
+                    String::from("accepted"),
+                    warp::http::StatusCode::ACCEPTED,
+                ))
+            }
+        })
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "verge-dev")]
+fn release_dev_quit_latch(quit_requested: &AtomicBool, outcome: clash_verge_signal::ShutdownOutcome) {
+    if matches!(outcome, clash_verge_signal::ShutdownOutcome::Canceled) {
+        quit_requested.store(false, Ordering::Release);
+    }
+}
+
 fn start_embedded_server(listener: tokio::net::TcpListener, token: String) {
    let (shutdown_tx, shutdown_rx) = oneshot::channel();
    let _ = SHUTDOWN_SENDER.set(Mutex::new(Some(shutdown_tx)));

    #[cfg(feature = "verge-dev")]
-    let auth = instance_auth(token);
+    let auth = instance_auth(token.clone());
    #[cfg(not(feature = "verge-dev"))]
    let auth = instance_auth(token);

@@ -233,6 +278,12 @@ fn start_embedded_server(listener: tokio::net::TcpListener, token: String) {
        });

    let commands = auth.clone().and(visible).or(auth.and(scheme)).or(pac);
+    #[cfg(feature = "verge-dev")]
+    let commands = commands.or(dev_quit_route(token, &COMMANDS_READY, &DEV_QUIT_REQUESTED, || {
+        AsyncHandler::spawn(|| async {
+            release_dev_quit_latch(&DEV_QUIT_REQUESTED, crate::feat::quit().await);
+        });
+    }));
    AsyncHandler::spawn(move || async move {
        warp::serve(commands)
            .incoming(listener)
@@ -27,12 +27,8 @@ const TRAY_STATUS_ITEM_EXTRA_WIDTH: f64 = 30.0;
 const TRAY_STATUS_ITEM_MIN_LENGTH: f64 = 58.0;
 const NS_VARIABLE_STATUS_ITEM_LENGTH: f64 = -1.0;

-/// (button_height, mono_advance, attributes).
-type CachedAttrs = (f64, f64, Retained<NSDictionary<NSString, AnyObject>>);
-
 thread_local! {
    static LAST_DISPLAY_STR: RefCell<String> = const { RefCell::new(String::new()) };
-    static CACHED_ATTRS: RefCell<Option<CachedAttrs>> = const { RefCell::new(None) };
 }

 fn format_tray_speed(up: u64, down: u64) -> String {
@@ -78,26 +74,8 @@ fn create_attributed_string(
    }
 }

-/// Attributes and per-glyph advance, rebuilt only when the button height changes.
-fn cached_attributes(button_height: f64) -> (f64, Retained<NSDictionary<NSString, AnyObject>>) {
-    CACHED_ATTRS.with(|cache| {
-        if let Some((height, advance, attrs)) = cache.borrow().as_ref()
-            && *height == button_height
-        {
-            return (*advance, attrs.clone());
-        }
-        let attrs = build_attributes(button_height);
-        let probe = NSString::from_str("0");
-        let advance = create_attributed_string(&probe, Some(&attrs)).size().width;
-        *cache.borrow_mut() = Some((button_height, advance, attrs.clone()));
-        (advance, attrs)
-    })
-}
-
-/// Longest line times the monospaced advance; matches `size().width` for the ASCII-only speed text.
-fn arithmetic_width(text: &str, advance: f64) -> f64 {
-    let glyphs = text.split('\n').map(str::len).max().unwrap_or(0) as f64;
-    glyphs * advance
+fn status_item_length_for_speed(attr_str: &NSAttributedString) -> f64 {
+    (attr_str.size().width.ceil() + TRAY_STATUS_ITEM_EXTRA_WIDTH).max(TRAY_STATUS_ITEM_MIN_LENGTH)
 }

 fn sync_click_target_frame(button: &NSStatusBarButton) {
@@ -111,7 +89,7 @@ fn sync_click_target_frame(button: &NSStatusBarButton) {
 }

 /// `with_inner_tray_icon` should run this on the main thread; fail safely if it does not.
-fn apply_status_item_attributed_title(status_item: &NSStatusItem, text: &str, show_speed: bool) {
+fn apply_status_item_attributed_title(status_item: &NSStatusItem, text: &NSString, show_speed: bool) {
    let Some(mtm) = MainThreadMarker::new() else {
        logging!(warn, Type::Tray, "托盘速率富文本设置跳过：非主线程调用");
        return;
@@ -119,19 +97,17 @@ fn apply_status_item_attributed_title(status_item: &NSStatusItem, text: &str, sh
    let Some(button) = status_item.button(mtm) else {
        return;
    };
-    let ns_string = NSString::from_str(text);
    let attr_str = if show_speed {
-        let (advance, attrs) = cached_attributes(button.bounds().size.height);
+        let attrs = build_attributes(button.bounds().size.height);
        let attrs: &NSDictionary<NSString, AnyObject> = &attrs;
-        let attr_str = create_attributed_string(&ns_string, Some(attrs));
-        let width = arithmetic_width(text, advance);
-        let length = (width.ceil() + TRAY_STATUS_ITEM_EXTRA_WIDTH).max(TRAY_STATUS_ITEM_MIN_LENGTH);
+        let attr_str = create_attributed_string(text, Some(attrs));
+        let length = status_item_length_for_speed(&attr_str);
        if status_item.length() != length {
            status_item.setLength(length);
        }
        attr_str
    } else {
-        create_attributed_string(&ns_string, None)
+        create_attributed_string(text, None)
    };
    button.setAttributedTitle(&attr_str);
    sync_click_target_frame(&button);
@@ -145,7 +121,8 @@ pub fn set_speed_attributed_title(status_item: &NSStatusItem, up: u64, down: u64
            return;
        }
        *last = speed_text;
-        apply_status_item_attributed_title(status_item, last.as_str(), true);
+        let ns_string = NSString::from_str(last.as_str());
+        apply_status_item_attributed_title(status_item, &ns_string, true);
    });
 }

@@ -153,6 +130,7 @@ pub fn clear_speed_attributed_title(status_item: &NSStatusItem) {
    LAST_DISPLAY_STR.with(|last| {
        last.borrow_mut().clear();
    });
+    let empty = NSString::from_str("");
    status_item.setLength(NS_VARIABLE_STATUS_ITEM_LENGTH);
-    apply_status_item_attributed_title(status_item, "", false);
+    apply_status_item_attributed_title(status_item, &empty, false);
 }
@@ -47,7 +47,10 @@ import {
  useCoreDataStatus,
  useProxiesData,
 } from '@/providers/app-data-context'
+import { syncTrayProxySelection } from '@/services/cmds'
 import delayManager from '@/services/delay'
+import { mutate } from '@/services/mutate'
+import { profileTestUrls } from '@/services/proxy-test-url'
 import {
  findCurrentGroupMember,
  getRecord,
@@ -420,7 +423,7 @@ interface PersistentProxySelectProps
  value: string
  selectedName: string
  groupName: string
-  fixed?: string | null
+  fixed?: string
  selectedDelay: number
  options: ProxyOption[]
  onChange: (value: string) => void
@@ -675,6 +678,20 @@ export const CurrentProxyCard = () => {
    [proxyView],
  )

+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!selectedGroup) return
+    const customUrl = currentProfile
+      ? profileTestUrls(currentProfile)[selectedGroup.name]
+      : undefined
+    delayManager.setUrl(
+      selectedGroup.name,
+      customUrl?.trim() ||
+        selectedGroup.testUrl?.trim() ||
+        verge?.default_latency_test?.trim() ||
+        'http://cp.cloudflare.com/generate_204',
+    )
+  }, [selectedGroup, currentProfile, verge?.default_latency_test])
+
  const unsortedProxyOptions = useMemo(
    () => optionsForGroup(selectedGroup),
    [optionsForGroup, selectedGroup],
@@ -768,8 +785,8 @@ export const CurrentProxyCard = () => {
      // The profile selection is the durable source across core restarts and run modes.
      handleSelectChange(
        selectedGroup.name,
-        previousProxy!,
-        selectedGroup.fixed!,
+        previousProxy,
+        selectedGroup.fixed,
      )({
        target: { value: nextName },
      })
@@ -907,6 +924,12 @@ export const CurrentProxyCard = () => {
    }

    refreshProxy()
+    mutate(() => syncTrayProxySelection(), {
+      id: 'sync-tray-selection',
+      errorNotice: false,
+    }).catch((error) => {
+      console.error('[CurrentProxyCard] Failed to sync tray latency:', error)
+    })
  })

  const proxyOptions = useMemo(
@@ -917,7 +940,7 @@ export const CurrentProxyCard = () => {
            unsortedProxyOptions,
            sortType,
            delays.of,
-            defaultLatencyTimeout!,
+            defaultLatencyTimeout,
          ),
    [
      delays,
@@ -56,7 +56,26 @@ const openProfileHome = (url: string) => {
  void openExternalUrl(url).catch(showNotice.error)
 }

-type ProfileItem = IProfileItem
+// 使用类型定义，而不是导入
+interface ProfileExtra {
+  upload: number
+  download: number
+  total: number
+  expire: number
+}
+
+interface ProfileItem {
+  uid: string
+  type?: 'local' | 'remote' | 'merge' | 'script'
+  name?: string
+  desc?: string
+  file?: string
+  url?: string
+  updated?: number
+  extra?: ProfileExtra
+  home?: string
+  option?: any
+}

 interface HomeProfileCardProps {
  current: ProfileItem | null | undefined
@@ -279,13 +298,10 @@ export const HomeProfileCard = ({

    setUpdating(true)
    try {
-      await mutate(
-        () => updateProfile(current.uid!, current.option ?? undefined),
-        {
-          id: `update-profile:${current.uid}`,
-          errorNotice: false,
-        },
-      )
+      await mutate(() => updateProfile(current.uid, current.option), {
+        id: `update-profile:${current.uid}`,
+        errorNotice: false,
+      })
      onProfileUpdated?.()

      // 刷新首页数据
@@ -329,7 +345,7 @@ export const HomeProfileCard = ({
            flex: 1,
          },
        }}
-        title={current.name!}
+        title={current.name}
      >
        <span>{current.name}</span>
        <LaunchOutlined
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ export const ProxyTunCard: FC = () => {
          onClick={() => handleTabChange('tun')}
          icon={TroubleshootRounded}
          label={t('settings.sections.system.toggles.tunMode')}
-          hasIndicator={enable_tun_mode! && isTunModeAvailable}
+          hasIndicator={enable_tun_mode && isTunModeAvailable}
        />
      </Stack>

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ export const TestCard = () => {
        }}
      >
        {testList.map((item, index) => (
-          <SortableItem key={item.uid} id={item.uid!} index={index}>
+          <SortableItem key={item.uid} id={item.uid} index={index}>
            <TestItem
              itemData={item}
              onEdit={() => viewerRef.current?.edit(item)}
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
  )
  const setLoading = useCallback(
    (loading: boolean) => {
-      setProfileLoading([itemData.uid!], loading)
+      setProfileLoading([itemData.uid], loading)
    },
    [itemData.uid, setProfileLoading],
  )
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
            debugLog(`强制刷新定时器任务`)
          }

-          const nextUpdate = await getNextUpdateTime(itemData.uid!)
+          const nextUpdate = await getNextUpdateTime(itemData.uid)
          debugLog(`获取到下次更新时间结果:`, nextUpdate)

          if (nextUpdate) {
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
  const hasHome = !!itemData.home // only subscription url has home page

  const { upload = 0, download = 0, total = 0 } = extra ?? {}
-  const from = parseUrl(itemData.url!)
+  const from = parseUrl(itemData.url)
  const description = itemData.desc
  const expire = parseExpire(extra?.expire)
  const progress = Math.min(
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
    100,
  )

-  const loading = loadingCache.has(itemData.uid!)
+  const loading = loadingCache.has(itemData.uid)

  const [, forceRefresh] = useReducer((value: number) => value + 1, 0)
  useEffect(() => {
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {

    const handler = () => {
      const now = Date.now()
-      const lastUpdate = updated! * 1000
+      const lastUpdate = updated * 1000
      if (now - lastUpdate >= 24 * 36e5) return

      const wait = now - lastUpdate >= 36e5 ? 30e5 : 5e4
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
  const [confirmOpen, setConfirmOpen] = useState(false)
  const [qrOpen, setQrOpen] = useState(false)

-  const loadProfileDocument = useCallback(() => readProfileFile(uid!), [uid])
+  const loadProfileDocument = useCallback(() => readProfileFile(uid), [uid])
  const loadMergeDocument = useCallback(
    () => readProfileFile(option?.merge ?? ''),
    [option?.merge],
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
  const onOpenFile = useLockFn(async () => {
    setAnchorEl(null)
    try {
-      await mutate(() => viewProfile(itemData.uid!), {
+      await mutate(() => viewProfile(itemData.uid), {
        id: 'view-profile',
        errorNotice: false,
      })
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {

    try {
      const payload = Object.keys(option).length > 0 ? option : undefined
-      await mutate(() => updateProfile(itemData.uid!, payload), {
+      await mutate(() => updateProfile(itemData.uid, payload), {
        id: `update-profile:${itemData.uid}`,
        errorNotice: false,
      })
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {

  const handleSaveProfileDocument = useLockFn(async () => {
    const currentValue = profileDocument.value
-    const result = await mutate(() => saveProfileFile(uid!, currentValue), {
+    const result = await mutate(() => saveProfileFile(uid, currentValue), {
      id: `save-profile-file:${uid}`,
      errorNotice: false,
    })
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
              variant="h6"
              component="h2"
              noWrap
-              title={name!}
+              title={name}
            >
              {name}
            </Typography>
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
                    title={
                      showNextUpdate
                        ? t('profiles.components.profileItem.tooltips.showLast')
-                        : `${t('shared.labels.updateTime')}: ${parseExpire(updated!)}\n${t('profiles.components.profileItem.tooltips.showNext')}`
+                        : `${t('shared.labels.updateTime')}: ${parseExpire(updated)}\n${t('profiles.components.profileItem.tooltips.showNext')}`
                    }
                    sx={{
                      fontSize: 14,
@@ -812,8 +812,8 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
                  >
                    {showNextUpdate
                      ? nextUpdateTime
-                      : updated! > 0
-                        ? dayjs(updated! * 1000).fromNow()
+                      : updated > 0
+                        ? dayjs(updated * 1000).fromNow()
                        : ''}
                  </Typography>
                </Box>
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
        ) : (
          <Box sx={{ ...boxStyle, fontSize: 12, justifyContent: 'flex-end' }}>
            <span title={t('shared.labels.updateTime')}>
-              {parseExpire(updated!)}
+              {parseExpire(updated)}
            </span>
          </Box>
        )}
@@ -896,7 +896,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
        <RulesEditorViewer
          groupsUid={option?.groups ?? ''}
          mergeUid={option?.merge ?? ''}
-          profileUid={uid!}
+          profileUid={uid}
          property={option?.rules ?? ''}
          open={true}
          onSave={onSave}
@@ -905,7 +905,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
      )}
      {proxiesOpen && (
        <ProxiesEditorViewer
-          profileUid={uid!}
+          profileUid={uid}
          property={option?.proxies ?? ''}
          open={true}
          onSave={onSave}
@@ -916,7 +916,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
        <GroupsEditorViewer
          mergeUid={option?.merge ?? ''}
          proxiesUid={option?.proxies ?? ''}
-          profileUid={uid!}
+          profileUid={uid}
          property={option?.groups ?? ''}
          open={true}
          onSave={onSave}
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ const ProfileItemBase = (props: ProfileItemProps) => {
      {qrOpen && itemData.url && (
        <QrViewer
          open={true}
-          value={`${itemData.url}${itemData.url.includes('?') ? '&' : '?'}name=${encodeURIComponent(name!)}`}
+          value={`${itemData.url}${itemData.url.includes('?') ? '&' : '?'}name=${encodeURIComponent(name)}`}
          onClose={() => setQrOpen(false)}
        />
      )}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More