refactor: replace smartstring with tristr across the codebase

Co-authored-by: GLM-5.3 <glm@z.ai>
2026-10-28 17:22:15 +08:00 · 2026-10-27 06:55:10 +08:00 · 2026-10-27 06:47:53 +08:00
111 changed files with 1523 additions and 1373 deletions
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-name: Contract Parity
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "src-tauri/**/*.rs"
-      - "crates/**/*.rs"
-      - "Cargo.toml"
-      - "Cargo.lock"
-      - "src-tauri/Cargo.toml"
-      - "crates/**/Cargo.toml"
-      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
-      - "src-tauri/tauri.conf*.json"
-      - "src/services/bindings.ts"
-      - "scripts/gen-contract.mjs"
-      - "scripts/check-contract-changes.mjs"
-      - "biome.json"
-      - "biome.jsonc"
-      - "package.json"
-      - "pnpm-lock.yaml"
-      - "pnpm-workspace.yaml"
-      - "scripts/contract-inputs.json"
-      - ".github/workflows/contract-parity.yml"
-      - ".husky/pre-push"
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-env:
-  HUSKY: 0
-
-jobs:
-  contract-parity:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-26.04
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
-
-      - name: Install Rust Stable
-        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
-        with:
-          toolchain: stable
-
-      - name: Rust Cache
-        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-        with:
-          prefix-key: 'v1-rust'
-          key: 'rust-shared-stable-ubuntu-22.04-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-contract'
-          workspaces: |
-            . -> target
-          cache-all-crates: true
-          cache-workspace-crates: true
-
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: |
-          sudo apt-get update
-          sudo apt-get install -y libxslt1.1 libwebkit2gtk-4.1-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev librsvg2-dev patchelf
-
-      - name: Install pnpm
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
-        with:
-          run_install: false
-
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
-        with:
-          node-version: '24.22.1'
-          cache: 'pnpm'
-
-      - run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
-
-      - name: Provision sidecar placeholders for tauri-build
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p src-tauri/sidecar src-tauri/resources dist
-          touch dist/index.html
-          for bin in clash-verge-service clash-verge-service-install clash-verge-service-uninstall verge-mihomo verge-mihomo-alpha; do
-            touch "src-tauri/sidecar/${bin}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
-          done
-
-      - name: Check generated contract without changing the checkout
-        run: pnpm gen:contract --check
@@ -2,23 +2,11 @@ name: Frontend Check

 on:
  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "src/**"
-      - "**/*.js"
-      - "**/*.ts"
-      - "**/*.tsx"
-      - "**/*.css"
-      - "**/*.scss"
-      - "**/*.json"
-      - "**/*.md"
-      - "pnpm-lock.yaml"
-      - "pnpm-workspace.yaml"
-      - "vite.config.*"
-      - ".github/workflows/frontend-check.yml"
  workflow_dispatch:

 permissions:
  contents: read
+  pull-requests: read

 env:
  HUSKY: 0
@@ -29,17 +17,46 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v7

+      - name: Check frontend changes
+        id: check_frontend
+        uses: dorny/paths-filter@v4
+        with:
+          filters: |
+            frontend:
+              - 'src/**'
+              - '**/*.js'
+              - '**/*.ts'
+              - '**/*.tsx'
+              - '**/*.css'
+              - '**/*.scss'
+              - '**/*.json'
+              - '**/*.md'
+              - 'package.json'
+              - 'pnpm-lock.yaml'
+              - 'pnpm-workspace.yaml'
+              - 'knip.json'
+              - 'eslint.config.ts'
+              - 'tsconfig.json'
+              - 'vite.config.*'
+
+      - name: Skip if no frontend changes
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend != 'true'
+        run: echo "No frontend changes, skipping frontend checks."
+
      - name: Install pnpm
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        with:
          run_install: false

      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        with:
          node-version: '24.22.1'
          cache: 'pnpm'

      - name: Restore pnpm cache
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        uses: actions/cache@v6
        with:
          path: ~/.pnpm-store
@@ -48,21 +65,94 @@ jobs:
            pnpm-shared-stable-${{ runner.os }}-

      - run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'

      - name: Run Prettier check
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        run: pnpm format:check

      - name: Run ESLint
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        run: pnpm lint

      - name: Run TypeScript typecheck
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        run: pnpm typecheck

      - name: Run tests
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        run: pnpm test

      - name: Run Knip
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        run: pnpm knip:check

      - name: Architecture gates (listen/emit only in the event bus, invoke only in services)
+        if: steps.check_frontend.outputs.frontend == 'true'
        run: node scripts/check-architecture.mjs listen emit invoke
+
+  contract-parity:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-26.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+
+      - name: Check contract inputs
+        id: check_inputs
+        uses: dorny/paths-filter@v4
+        with:
+          filters: scripts/contract-inputs.json
+
+      - name: Skip if contract inputs unchanged
+        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract != 'true'
+        run: echo "No contract inputs changed, skipping parity check."
+
+      - name: Install Rust Stable
+        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
+        with:
+          toolchain: stable
+
+      - name: Rust Cache
+        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
+        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          prefix-key: 'v1-rust'
+          key: 'rust-shared-stable-ubuntu-22.04-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-contract'
+          workspaces: |
+            . -> target
+          cache-all-crates: true
+          cache-workspace-crates: true
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y libxslt1.1 libwebkit2gtk-4.1-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev librsvg2-dev patchelf
+
+      - name: Install pnpm
+        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
+        with:
+          run_install: false
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
+        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
+        with:
+          node-version: '24.22.1'
+          cache: 'pnpm'
+
+      - run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
+        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
+
+      - name: Provision sidecar placeholders for tauri-build
+        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p src-tauri/sidecar src-tauri/resources dist
+          touch dist/index.html
+          for bin in clash-verge-service clash-verge-service-install clash-verge-service-uninstall verge-mihomo verge-mihomo-alpha; do
+            touch "src-tauri/sidecar/${bin}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
+          done
+
+      - name: Check generated contract without changing the checkout
+        if: steps.check_inputs.outputs.contract == 'true'
+        run: pnpm gen:contract --check
@@ -2,13 +2,6 @@ name: Clippy Lint

 on:
  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "src-tauri/**"
-      - "crates/**"
-      - "Cargo.toml"
-      - "Cargo.lock"
-      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
-      - ".github/workflows/lint-clippy.yml"
  workflow_dispatch:
 env:
  HUSKY: 0
@@ -30,6 +23,28 @@ jobs:

    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    steps:
+      - name: Check src-tauri changes
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
+        id: check_changes
+        uses: dorny/paths-filter@v4
+        with:
+          filters: |
+            rust:
+              - 'src-tauri/**'
+
+      - name: Skip if src-tauri not changed
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' && steps.check_changes.outputs.rust != 'true'
+        run: echo "No src-tauri changes, skipping clippy lint."
+
+      - name: Continue if src-tauri changed
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' && steps.check_changes.outputs.rust == 'true'
+        run: echo "src-tauri changed, running clippy lint."
+
+      - name: Manual trigger - always run
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: |
+          echo "Manual trigger detected: skipping changes check and running clippy."
+
      - name: Checkout Repository
        uses: actions/checkout@v7

@@ -64,7 +79,7 @@ jobs:
        run: cargo clippy-all

      - name: Run Windows security tests
-        if: matrix.os == 'windows-latest'
+        if: matrix.os == 'windows-latest' && (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' || steps.check_changes.outputs.rust == 'true')
        working-directory: ./src-tauri
        run: cargo test --all-features --target ${{ matrix.target }}

@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@ name: Check Formatting

 on:
  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "src-tauri/**"
-      - "**/*.rs"
-      - ".github/workflows/rustfmt.yml"

 permissions:
  contents: read
@@ -23,10 +19,25 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v7

+      - name: Check Rust changes
+        id: check_rust
+        uses: dorny/paths-filter@v4
+        with:
+          filters: |
+            rust:
+              - 'src-tauri/**'
+              - '**/*.rs'
+
+      - name: Skip if no Rust changes
+        if: steps.check_rust.outputs.rust != 'true'
+        run: echo "No Rust changes, skipping rustfmt."
+
      - name: install Rust stable and rustfmt
+        if: steps.check_rust.outputs.rust == 'true'
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
          components: rustfmt

      - name: run cargo fmt
+        if: steps.check_rust.outputs.rust == 'true'
        run: cargo fmt --manifest-path ./src-tauri/Cargo.toml --all -- --check
@@ -1139,7 +1139,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "serde_json",
 "serde_yaml_ng",
 "sha2 0.11.1",
- "smartstring",
 "socket2",
 "specta",
 "specta-typescript",
@@ -1169,6 +1168,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "tokio-stream",
 "tokio-util",
 "tracing",
+ "tristr",
 "warp",
 "webpki-roots",
 "windows 0.62.2",
@@ -6720,18 +6720,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "thiserror 2.0.20",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "smartstring"
-version = "1.0.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3fb72c633efbaa2dd666986505016c32c3044395ceaf881518399d2f4127ee29"
-dependencies = [
- "autocfg",
- "serde",
- "static_assertions",
- "version_check",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "socket2"
 version = "0.6.5"
@@ -8505,6 +8493,14 @@ dependencies = [
 "stable_deref_trait",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "tristr"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "specta",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "try-lock"
 version = "0.2.5"
@@ -85,9 +85,8 @@ reqwest = { version = "0.13.5", features = [
 ] }
 rust_iso3166 = "0.2.0"

-smartstring = { version = "1.0.1" }
-
 serde = { version = "1.0.229" }
+tristr = { path = "../tristr", default-features = false, features = ["serde", "specta"] }
 serde_json = { version = "1.0.154" }
 serde_yaml_ng = { version = "0.10.0" }
 bitflags = { version = "2.13.2" }
@@ -3,15 +3,10 @@
 <details>
 <summary><strong> 🐞 修复问题 </strong></summary>

- 修复规则扩展包含空列表项时，「编辑规则」界面报错的问题
 - 修复托盘测速与代理页行为不一致的问题，移除托盘「测试延迟」入口
 - 修复通过 URL 导入订阅时，即使导入的订阅并非当前使用的订阅，也会重新加载当前配置
 - 修复 首页 网站测速失败后卡片一直显示测试中
 - 修复 代理 页展开分组后不显示最新测速结果，需切换节点才刷新
- 修复 代理 在全局模式下无法展开节点组
- 修复 自定义 CSS 无法修改编辑器字体和字号的问题
- 修复恢复备份的同时修改配置，可能导致配置丢失或错乱的问题
- 修复切换规则模式与配置变更并发时可能丢失或错乱的问题

 **🐧 Linux**

@@ -23,8 +18,6 @@
 <summary><strong> ✨ 新增功能 </strong></summary>

 - 新增虚拟网卡设置的「DNS 模式」选项，支持配置 mihomo 系统 DNS 行为
- 新增「IP 信息」自动刷新开关，关闭后仍可手动刷新
- 新增 Muse AI 解锁检测，针对 Muse AI 特有的 Cloudflare 人机验证增加「Risky」状态标记

 </details>

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ mod chatgpt;
 mod claude;
 mod disney_plus;
 mod gemini;
-mod muse;
 mod netflix;
 mod prime_video;
 mod spotify;
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ enum UnlockCheck {
    ChatGptWeb,
    Claude,
    Gemini,
-    MuseAi,
    YouTubePremium,
    BahamutAnime,
    Netflix,
@@ -48,7 +46,6 @@ impl UnlockCheck {
        Self::ChatGptWeb,
        Self::Claude,
        Self::Gemini,
-        Self::MuseAi,
        Self::YouTubePremium,
        Self::BahamutAnime,
        Self::Netflix,
@@ -69,7 +66,6 @@ impl UnlockCheck {
            Self::ChatGptWeb => chatgpt::CHATGPT_WEB_NAME,
            Self::Claude => claude::CLAUDE_NAME,
            Self::Gemini => gemini::GEMINI_NAME,
-            Self::MuseAi => muse::MUSE_AI_NAME,
            Self::YouTubePremium => youtube::YOUTUBE_PREMIUM_NAME,
            Self::BahamutAnime => bahamut::BAHAMUT_ANIME_NAME,
            Self::Netflix => netflix::NETFLIX_NAME,
@@ -87,7 +83,6 @@ impl UnlockCheck {
            Self::ChatGptWeb => chatgpt::check_chatgpt(client).await,
            Self::Claude => claude::check_claude(client).await,
            Self::Gemini => gemini::check_gemini(client).await,
-            Self::MuseAi => muse::check_muse_ai(client).await,
            Self::YouTubePremium => youtube::check_youtube_premium(client).await,
            Self::BahamutAnime => bahamut::check_bahamut_anime(client).await,
            Self::Netflix => netflix::check_netflix(client).await,
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-use reqwest::Client;
-
-use crate::utils::{classify_restricted_status, get_trace_location};
-
-use super::UnlockItem;
-
-pub(crate) const MUSE_AI_NAME: &str = "Muse AI";
-
-const MUSE_URL: &str = "https://muse.ai";
-const CLOUDFLARE_TRACE_URL: &str = "https://www.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/trace";
-
-// The aymh ("Are You a Human") gateway answers plain HTTP requests with a
-// generic Meta error page that always contains the Facebook logo asset.
-const AYMH_ERROR_MARKERS: &[&str] = &["Sorry, something went wrong", "static.facebook.com/images/logos"];
-
-pub(super) async fn check_muse_ai(client: &Client) -> UnlockItem {
-    // muse.ai itself is served by Vercel, so resolve the exit region through
-    // the generic Cloudflare trace endpoint instead of a service-specific one.
-    let region = get_trace_location(client, CLOUDFLARE_TRACE_URL)
-        .await
-        .map(|code| code.trim().to_ascii_uppercase())
-        .map(|code| UnlockItem::region_label(&code));
-
-    let Ok(response) = client.get(MUSE_URL).send().await else {
-        return UnlockItem::checked(MUSE_AI_NAME, "Failed (Network Connection)", region);
-    };
-
-    let status = response.status();
-    let landed_on_aymh = response.url().host_str() == Some("auth.muse.ai");
-    let body = response.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
-
-    // Every region is redirected to the aymh anti-bot gateway before the app
-    // loads, and a non-browser HTTP client cannot finish the JavaScript
-    // challenge. It returns the Meta error page, so reaching this point only
-    // proves the exit can connect to Muse's auth infrastructure; availability
-    // cannot be verified over plain HTTP and is reported as `Risky`.
-    let behind_anti_bot = landed_on_aymh || AYMH_ERROR_MARKERS.iter().any(|marker| body.contains(marker));
-
-    let result = if behind_anti_bot {
-        "Risky"
-    } else if status.is_success() {
-        "Yes"
-    } else {
-        classify_restricted_status(status).unwrap_or("Failed")
-    };
-
-    UnlockItem::checked(MUSE_AI_NAME, result, region)
-}
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
    "build:fast": "cross-env NODE_OPTIONS='--max-old-space-size=4096' tauri build -- --profile fast-release",
    "tauri": "tauri",
    "web:dev": "vite",
-    "web:build": "tsrs -p . --noEmit && vite build",
+    "web:build": "tsc --noEmit && vite build",
    "web:serve": "vite preview",
    "prebuild": "node scripts/prebuild.mjs",
    "updater": "node scripts/updater.mjs",
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
    "i18n:types": "node scripts/generate-i18n-keys.mjs",
    "gen:contract": "node scripts/gen-contract.mjs",
    "arch:check": "node scripts/check-architecture.mjs listen emit invoke",
-    "typecheck": "tsrs -p . --noEmit",
+    "typecheck": "tsc --noEmit",
    "test": "vitest run",
    "test:watch": "vitest",
    "knip:check": "knip",
@@ -128,7 +128,6 @@
    "sass": "^1.104.1",
    "tar": "^7.5.22",
    "terser": "^5.51.2",
-    "tsrs": "0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta",
    "typescript": "^6.0.3",
    "typescript-eslint": "^8.70.0",
    "vite": "^8.3.0",
@@ -416,9 +416,6 @@ importers:
      terser:
        specifier: ^5.51.2
        version: 5.51.2
-      tsrs:
-        specifier: 0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
-        version: 0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
      typescript:
        specifier: ^6.0.3
        version: 6.0.3
@@ -2221,52 +2218,6 @@ packages:
  '@tauri-apps/plugin-updater@2.14.0':
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-gdylJ9tger4hkyOn24QZd6MNOKVo2Eh53iw5th2Qj1vKTR/+u4PIwJWuiis5hohYvobn6iOvlnALfrqIPSzh7Q==}

-  '@tsrs/darwin-arm64@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-mhHj8QGUmdJDBvJEnMXx5P/jvAKXYU3hy/z3qxrWBo8XHlbLES32PgC0ZpTRbJA960ReTpVqqvCOYaC6EL32/Q==}
-    engines: {node: '>=16.20.0'}
-    cpu: [arm64]
-    os: [darwin]
-
-  '@tsrs/darwin-x64@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-CsRUnyYRLrhmChS7ol7LgmdqMXTu+mVlDU+7JgbW8RpkJRGLZ/zgEDEOeD8qrndt8rpP9oW1T1SJ36HSzB3/sg==}
-    engines: {node: '>=16.20.0'}
-    cpu: [x64]
-    os: [darwin]
-
-  '@tsrs/linux-arm64-gnu@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-VNwpdI/iICwQMMlS/MoSZCvKFByEn2+g7D0HREWG+3r3GRayXgbLv8iaNSHKT3QGcu8pXr3lH9170ghJQi2zRg==}
-    engines: {node: '>=16.20.0'}
-    cpu: [arm64]
-    os: [linux]
-    libc: [glibc]
-
-  '@tsrs/linux-arm64-musl@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-cXnqPpmj5gzeGi4u1OV0ctd5df5t4ivwyeToCa4pBrKtjYodu0EeAo5Y76SHbJwggbiA1gzEJVj1vvuciQm5mQ==}
-    engines: {node: '>=16.20.0'}
-    cpu: [arm64]
-    os: [linux]
-    libc: [musl]
-
-  '@tsrs/linux-x64-gnu@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-jlhJSrO9lxNh0TF5EU1i+Frok5sRWsBvCuQhmdqMZKIN2pSHsDZl3CSmKUsJ4tNr50np9USCPpkkxwby2Eiqhg==}
-    engines: {node: '>=16.20.0'}
-    cpu: [x64]
-    os: [linux]
-    libc: [glibc]
-
-  '@tsrs/linux-x64-musl@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-pestGEPplhEPzIERc7zwuQ5zhh9ZwMSvAPNQy5TM0je/QuaizmM1zKoPYJ4NiaPzLh2M25HtP4HcpumTqmF3KQ==}
-    engines: {node: '>=16.20.0'}
-    cpu: [x64]
-    os: [linux]
-    libc: [musl]
-
-  '@tsrs/win32-x64@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-sstxBfhjjOSYvSHFfSmROau2oGAVNLwAnj+H0h+ywLo7N7ueFKIDk14HAkIYa/F9iVboiICCpHDY/pmBO71sSg==}
-    engines: {node: '>=16.20.0'}
-    cpu: [x64]
-    os: [win32]
-
  '@tybys/wasm-util@0.10.4':
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-W3c4gRigFS0T/Ma4qIYF3GDAc5AQdHb1yL5znJT1Zv1YaD9Kitx656wBjvr19qbiosmZT8lWDM5BEMynUqX65A==}

@@ -4819,11 +4770,6 @@ packages:
  tslib@2.8.1:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-oJFu94HQb+KVduSUQL7wnpmqnfmLsOA/nAh6b6EH0wCEoK0/mPeXU6c3wKDV83MkOuHPRHtSXKKU99IBazS/2w==}

-  tsrs@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-8NifAn2tcna3t/nluu1yFvp0fYE28vElDpnD4jiWik69+MDjiHgxdjH8sUYUEFmf/2hl6QIE5ExVGpJzQbBDPw==}
-    engines: {node: '>=16.20.0'}
-    hasBin: true
-
  tunnel@0.0.6:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-1h/Lnq9yajKY2PEbBadPXj3VxsDDu844OnaAo52UVmIzIvwwtBPIuNvkjuzBlTWpfJyUbG3ez0KSBibQkj4ojg==}
    engines: {node: '>=0.6.11 <=0.7.0 || >=0.7.3'}
@@ -6936,27 +6882,6 @@ snapshots:
    dependencies:
      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.12.4

-  '@tsrs/darwin-arm64@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    optional: true
-
-  '@tsrs/darwin-x64@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    optional: true
-
-  '@tsrs/linux-arm64-gnu@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    optional: true
-
-  '@tsrs/linux-arm64-musl@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    optional: true
-
-  '@tsrs/linux-x64-gnu@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    optional: true
-
-  '@tsrs/linux-x64-musl@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    optional: true
-
-  '@tsrs/win32-x64@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta':
-    optional: true
-
  '@tybys/wasm-util@0.10.4':
    dependencies:
      tslib: 2.8.1
@@ -7297,7 +7222,7 @@ snapshots:

  '@wdio/globals@9.31.3(expect-webdriverio@6.1.0)(webdriverio@10.1.0(supports-color@7.2.0)(yauzl@2.10.0))':
    dependencies:
-      expect-webdriverio: 6.1.0(@wdio/globals@9.31.3)(@wdio/logger@9.29.1)(webdriverio@10.1.0(supports-color@7.2.0)(yauzl@2.10.0))
+      expect-webdriverio: 6.1.0(@wdio/globals@9.31.3)(@wdio/logger@10.1.0)(webdriverio@10.1.0(supports-color@7.2.0)(yauzl@2.10.0))
      webdriverio: 10.1.0(supports-color@7.2.0)(yauzl@2.10.0)

  '@wdio/logger@10.1.0':
@@ -8281,11 +8206,11 @@ snapshots:

  expect-type@1.4.0: {}

-  expect-webdriverio@6.1.0(@wdio/globals@9.31.3)(@wdio/logger@9.29.1)(webdriverio@10.1.0(supports-color@7.2.0)(yauzl@2.10.0)):
+  expect-webdriverio@6.1.0(@wdio/globals@9.31.3)(@wdio/logger@10.1.0)(webdriverio@10.1.0(supports-color@7.2.0)(yauzl@2.10.0)):
    dependencies:
      '@vitest/snapshot': 4.1.11
      '@wdio/globals': 9.31.3(expect-webdriverio@6.1.0)(webdriverio@10.1.0(supports-color@7.2.0)(yauzl@2.10.0))
-      '@wdio/logger': 9.29.1
+      '@wdio/logger': 10.1.0
      deep-eql: 5.0.2
      expect: 30.5.2
      jest-matcher-utils: 30.5.2
@@ -9940,16 +9865,6 @@ snapshots:

  tslib@2.8.1: {}

-  tsrs@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta:
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@tsrs/darwin-arm64': 0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
-      '@tsrs/darwin-x64': 0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
-      '@tsrs/linux-arm64-gnu': 0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
-      '@tsrs/linux-arm64-musl': 0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
-      '@tsrs/linux-x64-gnu': 0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
-      '@tsrs/linux-x64-musl': 0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
-      '@tsrs/win32-x64': 0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
-
  tunnel@0.0.6: {}

  type-check@0.4.0:
@@ -10,11 +10,3 @@ allowBuilds:
  unrs-resolver: true
 minimumReleaseAgeExclude:
  - dayjs@1.11.21
-  - "@tsrs/darwin-arm64@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta"
-  - "@tsrs/darwin-x64@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta"
-  - "@tsrs/linux-arm64-gnu@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta"
-  - "@tsrs/linux-arm64-musl@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta"
-  - "@tsrs/linux-x64-gnu@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta"
-  - "@tsrs/linux-x64-musl@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta"
-  - "@tsrs/win32-x64@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta"
-  - tsrs@0.20.0-ts7.1.0-beta
@@ -79,13 +79,6 @@
      "matchPackageNames": ["typescript"],
      "allowedVersions": "<7.0.0 || >=7.1.0"
    },
-    {
-      "description": "Review tsrs bumps alone; the version encodes the pinned TypeScript release",
-      "matchPackageNames": ["tsrs", "/^@tsrs//"],
-      "groupName": "tsrs",
-      "rangeStrategy": "pin",
-      "automerge": false
-    },
    {
      "description": "Prevent project from supply chain attack",
      "matchDatasources": ["npm"],
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
    "pnpm-lock.yaml",
    "pnpm-workspace.yaml",
    "scripts/contract-inputs.json",
-    ".github/workflows/contract-parity.yml",
+    ".github/workflows/frontend-check.yml",
    ".husky/pre-push"
  ]
 }
@@ -266,13 +266,13 @@ async function getLatestReleaseVersion() {
 }

 if (!META_MAP[`${platform}-${arch}`]) {
-  throw new Error(`mihomo unsupported platform "${platform}-${arch}"`)
+  throw new Error(`clash meta unsupported platform "${platform}-${arch}"`)
 }
 if (!META_ALPHA_MAP[`${platform}-${arch}`]) {
-  throw new Error(`mihomo alpha unsupported platform "${platform}-${arch}"`)
+  throw new Error(`clash meta alpha unsupported platform "${platform}-${arch}"`)
 }

-function mihomoAlpha() {
+function clashMetaAlpha() {
  const name = META_ALPHA_MAP[`${platform}-${arch}`]
  const isWin = platform === 'win32'
  const urlExt = isWin ? 'zip' : 'gz'
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ function mihomoAlpha() {
  }
 }

-function mihomo() {
+function clashMeta() {
  const name = META_MAP[`${platform}-${arch}`]
  const isWin = platform === 'win32'
  const urlExt = isWin ? 'zip' : 'gz'
@@ -733,12 +733,13 @@ const tasks = [
  {
    name: 'verge-mihomo-alpha',
    func: () =>
-      getLatestAlphaVersion().then(() => resolveSidecar(mihomoAlpha())),
+      getLatestAlphaVersion().then(() => resolveSidecar(clashMetaAlpha())),
    retry: 5,
  },
  {
    name: 'verge-mihomo',
-    func: () => getLatestReleaseVersion().then(() => resolveSidecar(mihomo())),
+    func: () =>
+      getLatestReleaseVersion().then(() => resolveSidecar(clashMeta())),
    retry: 5,
  },
  // After both sidecar tasks: it hashes what they downloaded.
@@ -52,9 +52,9 @@ anyhow = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+tristr = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 serde_yaml_ng = { workspace = true }
-smartstring = { workspace = true, features = ["serde"] }
 bitflags = { workspace = true }
 socket2 = { workspace = true }
 warp = { version = "0.4.3", features = ["server"] }
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ use crate::{
    feat,
    utils::dirs,
 };
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tauri::{AppHandle, Manager as _, ipc::Channel};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ pub async fn restart_app() -> CmdResult<()> {
 #[specta::specta]
 pub async fn install_update(
    app_handle: AppHandle,
-    version: std::string::String,
+    version: String,
    on_event: Channel<DownloadEvent>,
 ) -> CmdResult<bool> {
-    let version: String = version.into();
+    let version: String = version;
    SilentUpdater::global()
        .install_update(&app_handle, &version, |event| {
            let _ = on_event.send(event);
@@ -79,25 +79,22 @@ pub fn cancel_update_download() {

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub fn get_app_dir() -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+pub fn get_app_dir() -> CmdResult<String> {
    let app_home_dir = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?.to_string_lossy().into();
    Ok(app_home_dir)
 }

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn download_icon_cache(
-    url: std::string::String,
-    name: std::string::String,
-) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
-    let url: String = url.into();
-    let name: String = name.into();
-    feat::download_icon_cache(url, name).await.map(Into::into)
+pub async fn download_icon_cache(url: String, name: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
+    let url: String = url;
+    let name: String = name;
+    feat::download_icon_cache(url, name).await
 }

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn copy_icon_file(path: std::string::String, icon_info: feat::IconInfo) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
-    let path: String = path.into();
-    feat::copy_icon_file(path, icon_info).await.map(Into::into)
+pub async fn copy_icon_file(path: String, icon_info: feat::IconInfo) -> CmdResult<String> {
+    let path: String = path;
+    feat::copy_icon_file(path, icon_info).await
 }
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use super::CmdResult;
 use crate::{cmd::StringifyErr as _, feat};
 use feat::LocalBackupFile;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@ pub async fn list_local_backup() -> CmdResult<Vec<LocalBackupFile>> {

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn delete_local_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
+pub async fn delete_local_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename;
    feat::delete_local_backup(filename).await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn restore_local_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
+pub async fn restore_local_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename;
    feat::restore_local_backup(filename)
        .await
        .map_err(|error| super::proxy_aware_error(&error))
@@ -33,15 +33,15 @@ pub async fn restore_local_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn import_local_backup(source: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
-    let source: String = source.into();
-    feat::import_local_backup(source).await.map(Into::into).stringify_err()
+pub async fn import_local_backup(source: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
+    let source: String = source;
+    feat::import_local_backup(source).await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn export_local_backup(filename: std::string::String, destination: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
-    let destination: String = destination.into();
+pub async fn export_local_backup(filename: String, destination: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename;
+    let destination: String = destination;
    feat::export_local_backup(filename, destination).await.stringify_err()
 }
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ use crate::{
    },
 };
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tokio::fs;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ pub async fn patch_clash_config(payload: crate::ipc::YamlMapping) -> CmdResult {

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn patch_clash_mode(payload: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
-    let payload: String = payload.into();
+pub async fn patch_clash_mode(payload: String) -> CmdResult {
+    let payload: String = payload;
    feat::change_clash_mode(payload)
        .await
        .with_error_code("CLASH_MODE_UPDATE_FAILED")
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@ pub async fn patch_clash_mode(payload: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
 /// Reads the saved mode without depending on strict mihomo `/configs` deserialization.
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_clash_mode() -> CmdResult<Option<std::string::String>> {
+pub async fn get_clash_mode() -> CmdResult<Option<String>> {
    Ok(Config::clash().await.data_arc().get_mode())
 }

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn change_clash_core(clash_core: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<Option<CommandFailure>> {
-    let clash_core: String = clash_core.into();
+pub async fn change_clash_core(clash_core: String) -> CmdResult<Option<CommandFailure>> {
+    let clash_core: String = clash_core;
    logging!(info, Type::Config, "changing core to {clash_core}");

    match CoreManager::global().change_core(&clash_core).await {
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ pub async fn upgrade_clash_core(force: bool) -> CmdResult<feat::CoreUpgradeRepor

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn test_delay(url: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<u32> {
-    let url: String = url.into();
+pub async fn test_delay(url: String) -> CmdResult<u32> {
+    let url: String = url;
    let result = match feat::test_delay(url).await {
        Ok(delay) => delay,
        Err(e) => {
@@ -148,12 +148,12 @@ pub fn take_dns_override_notice() -> bool {
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
 pub async fn set_dns_override(
-    profile_uid: std::string::String,
+    profile_uid: String,
    enabled: bool,
-    confirmation: Option<std::string::String>,
+    confirmation: Option<String>,
 ) -> CmdResult<feat::DnsOverrideOutcome> {
-    let profile_uid: String = profile_uid.into();
-    let confirmation = confirmation.map(String::from);
+    let profile_uid: String = profile_uid;
+    let confirmation = confirmation;
    feat::set_dns_override(profile_uid, enabled, confirmation)
        .await
        .map_err(|error| proxy_aware_coded_error(&error, "DNS_OVERRIDE_UPDATE_FAILED"))
@@ -212,14 +212,14 @@ pub async fn apply_dns_config(apply: bool) -> CmdResult {

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_dns_config_content() -> CmdResult<Option<std::string::String>> {
+pub async fn get_dns_config_content() -> CmdResult<Option<String>> {
    use crate::utils::dirs;
    use tokio::fs;

    let dns_path = dirs::app_home_dir().stringify_err()?.join(constants::files::DNS_CONFIG);

    match fs::read_to_string(&dns_path).await {
-        Ok(content) => Ok(Some(content)),
+        Ok(content) => Ok(Some(content.into())),
        Err(error) if error.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(None),
        Err(error) => Err(CommandFailure::plain(error)),
    }
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ pub async fn validate_dns_config() -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_clash_logs() -> CmdResult<Vec<std::string::String>> {
+pub async fn get_clash_logs() -> CmdResult<Vec<String>> {
    let logs = CoreManager::global().get_clash_logs().await.unwrap_or_default();
-    Ok(logs)
+    Ok(logs.into_iter().collect())
 }
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ pub use clash_verge_media_unlock::UnlockItem;
 use reqwest::{Client, Proxy};
 use std::time::Duration;
 use tauri::{command, ipc::Channel};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ async fn create_client() -> Result<Client, String> {
        .cookie_store(true)
        .proxy(proxy)
        .build()
-        .map_err(|error| format!("创建HTTP客户端失败: {error}"))
+        .map_err(|error| format!("创建HTTP客户端失败: {error}").into())
 }

 #[command]
@@ -40,5 +41,7 @@ pub async fn check_media_unlock(on_complete: Channel<UnlockItem>) -> Result<Vec<
 #[specta::specta]
 pub async fn check_media_unlock_item(name: String) -> Result<UnlockItem, String> {
    let client = create_client().await?;
-    clash_verge_media_unlock::check_media_unlock_item(&client, &name).await
+    clash_verge_media_unlock::check_media_unlock_item(&client, &name)
+        .await
+        .map_err(Into::into)
 }
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub type CmdResult<T = ()> = Result<T, CommandFailure>;

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ pub type CmdResult<T = ()> = Result<T, CommandFailure>;
 pub struct CommandFailure {
    /// Stable frontend identifier, when classified.
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub code: Option<std::string::String>,
+    pub code: Option<String>,
    /// Human-readable diagnostic detail.
-    pub detail: std::string::String,
+    pub detail: String,
    /// Requested operation when known by the command.
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub operation: Option<crate::core::notification::FailedOperation>,
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ impl CommandFailure {
    /// A failure with a stable code.
    pub fn coded(code: &str, detail: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Self {
        Self {
-            code: Some(code.to_owned()),
-            detail: detail.to_string(),
+            code: Some(code.into()),
+            detail: detail.to_string().into(),
            operation: None,
        }
    }
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ impl CommandFailure {
    pub fn plain(detail: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Self {
        Self {
            code: None,
-            detail: detail.to_string(),
+            detail: detail.to_string().into(),
            operation: None,
        }
    }
@@ -50,16 +50,6 @@ impl From<&str> for CommandFailure {
    }
 }

-impl From<std::string::String> for CommandFailure {
-    fn from(detail: std::string::String) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            code: None,
-            detail,
-            operation: None,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 impl From<String> for CommandFailure {
    fn from(detail: String) -> Self {
        Self::plain(detail)
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use crate::core::{proxy_control, sysopt::Sysopt};
 use gethostname::gethostname;
 use sysproxy::{Autoproxy, Sysproxy};
 use tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -24,8 +25,8 @@ pub async fn get_sys_proxy() -> CmdResult<SystemProxy> {

    Ok(SystemProxy {
        enable,
-        server: format!("{host}:{port}"),
-        bypass,
+        server: format!("{host}:{port}").into(),
+        bypass: bypass.into(),
    })
 }

@@ -39,7 +40,10 @@ pub async fn get_auto_proxy() -> CmdResult<AutoProxy> {
    };
    let Autoproxy { enable, url } = auto_proxy;

-    Ok(AutoProxy { enable, url })
+    Ok(AutoProxy {
+        enable,
+        url: url.into(),
+    })
 }

 #[tauri::command]
@@ -52,10 +56,10 @@ pub fn get_embedded_server_port() -> CmdResult<u16> {
 #[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_system_hostname() -> String {
    match gethostname().into_string() {
-        Ok(name) => name,
+        Ok(name) => name.into(),
        Err(os_string) => {
            let fallback = format!("{os_string:?}");
-            fallback.trim_matches('"').to_string()
+            fallback.trim_matches('"').into()
        }
    }
 }
@@ -64,6 +68,9 @@ pub fn get_system_hostname() -> String {
 #[specta::specta]
 pub fn get_network_interfaces() -> Vec<String> {
    tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::list_network_interfaces()
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(Into::into)
+        .collect()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
@@ -77,7 +84,7 @@ pub fn get_network_interfaces_info() -> CmdResult<Vec<crate::ipc::NetworkInterfa
    let mut result = Vec::new();

    for interface in interfaces {
-        if names.contains(&interface.name) {
+        if names.iter().any(|name| name == &interface.name) {
            result.push(interface.into());
        }
    }
@@ -19,17 +19,17 @@ use crate::{
 use clash_verge_draft::{Draft, SharedDraft};
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
 use scopeguard::defer;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 static CURRENT_SWITCHING_PROFILE: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);

-fn profile_import_error(err: &anyhow::Error) -> std::string::String {
+fn profile_import_error(err: &anyhow::Error) -> String {
    if let Some(cause) = err.chain().find(|cause| cause.to_string().contains("TLS 1.0/1.1")) {
-        return cause.to_string();
+        return cause.to_string().into();
    }

-    format!("导入订阅失败: {err:#}")
+    format!("导入订阅失败: {err:#}").into()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ pub async fn enhance_profiles() -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
 #[tauri::command]
 #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, level = "info", fields(url = %help::mask_url(&url), uid = tracing::field::Empty))]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn import_profile(url: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn import_profile(url: String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
    let item = &mut match PrfItem::from_url(&url, None, None, option.as_ref()).await {
        Ok(it) => it,
        Err(e) => {
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ pub async fn import_profile(url: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption>)

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn reorder_profile(active_id: std::string::String, over_id: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
-    let active_id: String = active_id.into();
-    let over_id: String = over_id.into();
+pub async fn reorder_profile(active_id: String, over_id: String) -> CmdResult {
+    let active_id: String = active_id;
+    let over_id: String = over_id;
    match profiles_reorder_safe(&active_id, &over_id).await {
        Ok(_) => {
            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, "重新排序配置文件: {} -> {}", active_id, over_id);
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ pub async fn reorder_profile(active_id: std::string::String, over_id: std::strin

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn create_profile(item: ProfileCreate, file_data: Option<std::string::String>) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn create_profile(item: ProfileCreate, file_data: Option<String>) -> CmdResult {
    let item: PrfItem = item.into();
-    let file_data = file_data.map(String::from);
+    let file_data = file_data;
    match profiles_append_item_with_filedata_safe(&item, file_data).await {
        Ok(_) => {
            profiles_save_file_safe()
@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ pub async fn create_profile(item: ProfileCreate, file_data: Option<std::string::

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn update_profile(index: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
-    let index: String = index.into();
+pub async fn update_profile(index: String, option: Option<PrfOption>) -> CmdResult {
+    let index: String = index;
    match feat::update_profile(&index, option.as_ref(), true).await {
        Ok(_) => Ok(()),
        Err(e) => {
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ pub async fn update_profile(index: std::string::String, option: Option<PrfOption

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn delete_profile(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
-    let index: String = index.into();
+pub async fn delete_profile(index: String) -> CmdResult {
+    let index: String = index;
    let profile_write_guard = PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK.lock().await;

    let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
@@ -325,7 +325,6 @@ async fn perform_config_update(
 #[derive(Default, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct ProfileSelection {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub current: Option<String>,
 }

@@ -333,13 +332,9 @@ pub struct ProfileSelection {
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct ProfileCreate {
    #[serde(rename = "type")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub itype: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub name: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub desc: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub url: Option<String>,
    pub option: Option<PrfOption>,
 }
@@ -361,15 +356,10 @@ impl From<ProfileCreate> for PrfItem {
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct ProfilePatch {
    #[serde(rename = "type")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub itype: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub name: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub desc: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub file: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub url: Option<String>,
    pub selected: Option<Vec<crate::config::PrfSelected>>,
    pub extra: Option<crate::config::PrfExtra>,
@@ -436,9 +426,9 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config_by_profile_index(profile_index: String) -> Cm

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn patch_profile(index: std::string::String, profile: ProfilePatch) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn patch_profile(index: String, profile: ProfilePatch) -> CmdResult {
    let profile: PrfItem = profile.into();
-    let index: String = index.into();
+    let index: String = index;
    let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
    let should_refresh_timer = if let Ok(old_profile) = profiles.latest_arc().get_item(&index)
        && let Some(new_option) = profile.option.as_ref()
@@ -479,7 +469,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profile(index: std::string::String, profile: ProfilePatch) ->

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn view_profile(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {
+pub async fn view_profile(index: String) -> CmdResult {
    let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
    let profiles_ref = profiles.latest_arc();
    let file = profiles_ref
@@ -504,7 +494,7 @@ pub async fn view_profile(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult {

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn read_profile_file(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+pub async fn read_profile_file(index: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
    let item = {
        let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
        let profiles_ref = profiles.latest_arc();
@@ -524,7 +514,7 @@ pub async fn read_profile_file(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::str
            .join(file.as_str());
        match tokio::fs::try_exists(&path).await {
            Ok(true) => {}
-            Ok(false) => return Ok(std::string::String::new()),
+            Ok(false) => return Ok(String::new()),
            Err(err) => {
                return Err(coded_error(
                    "PROFILE_READ_FAILED",
@@ -535,12 +525,12 @@ pub async fn read_profile_file(index: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<std::str
    }

    let data = item.read_file().await.with_error_code("PROFILE_READ_FAILED")?;
-    Ok(data.into())
+    Ok(data)
 }

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_next_update_time(uid: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<Option<i64>> {
+pub async fn get_next_update_time(uid: String) -> CmdResult<Option<i64>> {
    let timer = Timer::global();
    let next_time = timer.get_next_update_time(&uid).await;
    Ok(next_time)
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ use std::{
    collections::{BTreeMap, HashSet},
    sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 /// Merges one selection pair into fresh backend state to avoid stale-list overwrites.
 #[tauri::command]
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ fn runtime_group_order(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> Vec<String> {
        .filter_map(|name| name.as_str())
        .filter(|name| !name.is_empty() && *name != "GLOBAL")
        .filter(|name| seen.insert(*name))
-        .map(str::to_owned)
+        .map(String::from)
        .collect()
 }

@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ fn runtime_group_scopes(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> BTreeMap<String, GroupScope
        .into_iter()
        .flat_map(|providers| providers.keys())
        .filter_map(|name| name.as_str())
-        .map(str::to_owned)
+        .map(String::from)
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
    all_providers.sort();
    let flag = |group: &Mapping, key: &str| group.get(key).and_then(|value| value.as_bool()) == Some(true);
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ fn runtime_group_scopes(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> BTreeMap<String, GroupScope
        .flatten()
        .filter_map(|group| group.as_mapping())
        .filter_map(|group| {
-            let name = group.get("name")?.as_str()?.to_owned();
+            let name: String = group.get("name")?.as_str()?.into();
            let providers = if flag(group, "include-all") || flag(group, "include-all-providers") {
                all_providers.clone()
            } else {
@@ -85,14 +86,14 @@ fn runtime_group_scopes(config: Option<&Mapping>) -> BTreeMap<String, GroupScope
                    .into_iter()
                    .flatten()
                    .filter_map(|provider| provider.as_str())
-                    .map(str::to_owned)
+                    .map(String::from)
                    .collect()
            };
            let exclude_types = group
                .get("exclude-type")
                .and_then(|types| types.as_str())
                .filter(|types| !types.is_empty())
-                .map(|types| types.split('|').map(str::to_owned).collect())
+                .map(|types| types.split('|').map(String::from).collect())
                .unwrap_or_default();
            Some((
                name,
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use super::CmdResult;
 use crate::{cmd::StringifyErr as _, config::Config, core::CoreManager, utils::yaml_emitter};
 use anyhow::{Context as _, anyhow};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ pub async fn get_runtime_config() -> CmdResult<Option<crate::ipc::YamlMapping>>

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_runtime_yaml() -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+pub async fn get_runtime_yaml() -> CmdResult<String> {
    let runtime = Config::runtime().await;
    let runtime = runtime.latest_arc();

@@ -36,22 +36,17 @@ pub async fn get_runtime_logs() -> CmdResult<RuntimeLogs> {

 #[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(transparent)]
-pub struct RuntimeLogs(
-    #[specta(type = HashMap<std::string::String, Vec<(std::string::String, std::string::String)>>)]
-    HashMap<String, Vec<(String, String)>>,
-);
+pub struct RuntimeLogs(HashMap<String, Vec<(String, String)>>);

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub fn take_discarded_keys_notice() -> Option<std::string::String> {
-    crate::enhance::take_discarded_keys_notice().map(Into::into)
+pub fn take_discarded_keys_notice() -> Option<String> {
+    crate::enhance::take_discarded_keys_notice()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn get_runtime_proxy_chain_config(
-    proxy_chain_exit_node: std::string::String,
-) -> CmdResult<std::string::String> {
+pub async fn get_runtime_proxy_chain_config(proxy_chain_exit_node: String) -> CmdResult<String> {
    let runtime = Config::runtime().await;
    let runtime = runtime.latest_arc();

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use super::CmdResult;
+use super::{CmdResult, CommandFailure};
 use crate::{
    cmd::StringifyErr as _,
    cmd::validate::{ValidationNoticeTarget, handle_validation_notice},
@@ -11,18 +11,15 @@ use crate::{
    utils::dirs,
 };
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tokio::fs;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 /// 保存profiles的配置
 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn save_profile_file(
-    index: std::string::String,
-    file_data: Option<std::string::String>,
-) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
-    let index: String = index.into();
-    let file_data = file_data.map(String::from);
+pub async fn save_profile_file(index: String, file_data: Option<String>) -> CmdResult<ValidationOutcome> {
+    let index: String = index;
+    let file_data = file_data;
    let file_data = match file_data {
        Some(d) => d,
        None => return Ok(ValidationOutcome::Valid),
@@ -153,7 +150,7 @@ async fn handle_saved_profile_file(
        Err(e) => {
            logging!(error, Type::Config, "[cmd配置save] 验证过程发生错误: {e:#}");
            restore_original(file_path, original_content, original_existed).await?;
-            return Err(e.to_string().into());
+            return Err(CommandFailure::plain(e));
        }
    }

@@ -181,7 +178,7 @@ async fn handle_saved_profile_file(
        Err(err) => {
            logging!(error, Type::Config, "[cmd配置save] 运行时配置应用错误: {err:#}");
            restore_original(file_path, original_content, original_existed).await?;
-            Err(err.to_string().into())
+            Err(CommandFailure::plain(err))
        }
    }
 }
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use crate::{
        service::{SERVICE_MANAGER, ServiceStatus, request_runtime_provider_sync},
    },
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ where
    if reasons.is_empty() {
        return Err(proxy_aware_coded_error(&error, error_code));
    }
-    let reason = reasons.join("\n");
+    let reason: String = reasons.join("\n").into();
    fallback(reason.clone())
        .await
        .map_err(|error| proxy_aware_coded_error(&error, "SERVICE_SIDECAR_FAILED"))?;
@@ -179,7 +180,7 @@ mod tests {
            let error = match availability {
                Some(availability) => anyhow::Error::new(InstallationVerificationError {
                    status: InstallationStatus {
-                        service_sha256: String::new(),
+                        service_sha256: std::string::String::new(),
                        protocol: ProtocolInfo::current(),
                        cores: vec![CoreInspection {
                            name: "verge-mihomo.exe".into(),
@@ -203,7 +204,7 @@ mod tests {
                assert_eq!(
                    result,
                    Ok(ServiceInstallOutcome::Sidecar {
-                        reason: format!("verge-mihomo.exe: {reason}")
+                        reason: format!("verge-mihomo.exe: {reason}").into()
                    })
                );
            } else {
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use crate::core::{
    notification::{self, PendingFailure},
    runstate::{RUN_STATE, RunStateView},
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 /// Returns one coherent core/service snapshot instead of independently refreshed state.
 #[tauri::command]
@@ -4,18 +4,14 @@ use crate::{
    config::{Config, IVerge},
    core, feat,
 };
-use smartstring::alias::String;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn save_webdav_config(
-    url: std::string::String,
-    username: std::string::String,
-    password: std::string::String,
-) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let url: String = url.into();
-    let username: String = username.into();
-    let password: String = password.into();
+pub async fn save_webdav_config(url: String, username: String, password: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let url: String = url;
+    let username: String = username;
+    let password: String = password;
    let patch = IVerge {
        webdav_url: Some(url),
        webdav_username: Some(username),
@@ -48,15 +44,15 @@ pub async fn list_webdav_backup() -> CmdResult<Vec<crate::ipc::WebDavFile>> {

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn delete_webdav_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
+pub async fn delete_webdav_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename;
    feat::delete_webdav_backup(filename).await.stringify_err()
 }

 #[tauri::command]
 #[specta::specta]
-pub async fn restore_webdav_backup(filename: std::string::String) -> CmdResult<()> {
-    let filename: String = filename.into();
+pub async fn restore_webdav_backup(filename: String) -> CmdResult<()> {
+    let filename: String = filename;
    feat::restore_webdav_backup(filename)
        .await
        .map_err(|error| super::proxy_aware_error(&error))
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use std::{
    net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr},
    str::FromStr as _,
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct IClashTemp(pub Mapping);
@@ -84,12 +85,12 @@ impl IClashTemp {
        #[cfg(unix)]
        map.insert(
            "external-controller-unix".into(),
-            Self::guard_external_controller_ipc().into(),
+            Self::guard_external_controller_ipc().as_str().into(),
        );
        #[cfg(windows)]
        map.insert(
            "external-controller-pipe".into(),
-            Self::guard_external_controller_ipc().into(),
+            Self::guard_external_controller_ipc().as_str().into(),
        );
        map.insert("tun".into(), tun_config.into());
        cors_map.insert("allow-private-network".into(), true.into());
@@ -134,12 +135,18 @@ impl IClashTemp {
        config.insert("mixed-port".into(), mixed_port.into());
        config.insert("socks-port".into(), socks_port.into());
        config.insert("port".into(), port.into());
-        config.insert("external-controller".into(), ctrl.into());
+        config.insert("external-controller".into(), ctrl.as_str().into());

        #[cfg(unix)]
-        config.insert("external-controller-unix".into(), external_controller_unix.into());
+        config.insert(
+            "external-controller-unix".into(),
+            external_controller_unix.as_str().into(),
+        );
        #[cfg(windows)]
-        config.insert("external-controller-pipe".into(), external_controller_pipe.into());
+        config.insert(
+            "external-controller-pipe".into(),
+            external_controller_pipe.as_str().into(),
+        );
        config
    }

@@ -166,9 +173,9 @@ impl IClashTemp {
            port: Self::guard_port(config),
            server: Self::guard_client_ctrl(config),
            secret: config.get("secret").and_then(|value| match value {
-                Value::String(val_str) => Some(val_str.clone()),
-                Value::Bool(val_bool) => Some(val_bool.to_string()),
-                Value::Number(val_num) => Some(val_num.to_string()),
+                Value::String(val_str) => Some(val_str.clone().into()),
+                Value::Bool(val_bool) => Some(val_bool.to_string().into()),
+                Value::Number(val_num) => Some(val_num.to_string().into()),
                _ => None,
            }),
        }
@@ -180,45 +187,88 @@ impl IClashTemp {
    /// 的严格 `BaseConfig` 反序列化，因此即使核心返回的字段与插件结构体不匹配也能取到。
    pub fn get_mode(&self) -> Option<String> {
        self.0.get("mode").and_then(|value| match value {
-            Value::String(val_str) => Some(val_str.clone()),
+            Value::String(val_str) => Some(val_str.clone().into()),
            _ => None,
        })
    }
-    fn guard_port_value(config: &Mapping, key: &str, default: u16) -> u16 {
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
+    fn guard_redir_port(config: &Mapping) -> u16 {
        let mut port = config
-            .get(key)
+            .get("redir-port")
            .and_then(|value| match value {
                Value::String(val_str) => val_str.parse().ok(),
                Value::Number(val_num) => val_num.as_u64().map(|u| u as u16),
                _ => None,
            })
-            .unwrap_or(default);
+            .unwrap_or(7895);
        if port == 0 {
-            port = default;
+            port = 7895;
        }
        port
    }

-    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
-    fn guard_redir_port(config: &Mapping) -> u16 {
-        Self::guard_port_value(config, "redir-port", network::ports::DEFAULT_REDIR)
-    }
-
    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
    fn guard_tproxy_port(config: &Mapping) -> u16 {
-        Self::guard_port_value(config, "tproxy-port", network::ports::DEFAULT_TPROXY)
+        let mut port = config
+            .get("tproxy-port")
+            .and_then(|value| match value {
+                Value::String(val_str) => val_str.parse().ok(),
+                Value::Number(val_num) => val_num.as_u64().map(|u| u as u16),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .unwrap_or(network::ports::DEFAULT_TPROXY);
+        if port == 0 {
+            port = network::ports::DEFAULT_TPROXY;
+        }
+        port
    }

    fn guard_mixed_port(config: &Mapping) -> u16 {
-        Self::guard_port_value(config, "mixed-port", network::ports::DEFAULT_MIXED)
+        let raw_value = config.get("mixed-port");
+
+        let mut port = raw_value
+            .and_then(|value| match value {
+                Value::String(val_str) => val_str.parse().ok(),
+                Value::Number(val_num) => val_num.as_u64().map(|u| u as u16),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .unwrap_or(network::ports::DEFAULT_MIXED);
+
+        if port == 0 {
+            port = network::ports::DEFAULT_MIXED;
+        }
+
+        port
    }

    fn guard_socks_port(config: &Mapping) -> u16 {
-        Self::guard_port_value(config, "socks-port", network::ports::DEFAULT_SOCKS)
+        let mut port = config
+            .get("socks-port")
+            .and_then(|value| match value {
+                Value::String(val_str) => val_str.parse().ok(),
+                Value::Number(val_num) => val_num.as_u64().map(|u| u as u16),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .unwrap_or(7898);
+        if port == 0 {
+            port = 7898;
+        }
+        port
    }

    fn guard_port(config: &Mapping) -> u16 {
-        Self::guard_port_value(config, "port", network::ports::DEFAULT_HTTP)
+        let mut port = config
+            .get("port")
+            .and_then(|value| match value {
+                Value::String(val_str) => val_str.parse().ok(),
+                Value::Number(val_num) => val_num.as_u64().map(|u| u as u16),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .unwrap_or(7899);
+        if port == 0 {
+            port = 7899;
+        }
+        port
    }

    pub(super) fn guard_server_ctrl(config: &Mapping) -> String {
@@ -233,7 +283,7 @@ impl IClashTemp {
                        false => Cow::Borrowed(val_str),
                    };

-                    SocketAddr::from_str(&val).ok().map(|s| s.to_string())
+                    SocketAddr::from_str(&val).ok().map(|s| s.to_string().into())
                }
                None => None,
            })
@@ -247,7 +297,7 @@ impl IClashTemp {
                if socket.ip().is_unspecified() {
                    socket.set_ip(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1)));
                }
-                socket.to_string()
+                socket.to_string().into()
            }
            Err(_) => "127.0.0.1:9097".into(),
        }
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ use backon::{ExponentialBuilder, Retryable as _};
 use clash_verge_draft::Draft;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{collections::HashSet, path::PathBuf};
 use tokio::sync::{Mutex, MutexGuard, OnceCell};
 use tokio::time::sleep;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub(crate) struct Config {
    clash_config: Draft<IClashTemp>,
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ impl Config {
        Self::write_runtime_file(&yaml).await
    }

-    pub(crate) async fn runtime_config_yaml() -> Result<std::string::String> {
+    pub(crate) async fn runtime_config_yaml() -> Result<String> {
        let runtime = Self::runtime().await;
        AsyncHandler::spawn_blocking(move || {
            let runtime_lastest = runtime.latest_arc();
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ impl Config {
                .or_else(|| runtime_data.config.as_ref())
                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("failed to generate runtime config, might need to restart application"))?;
            let yaml_str = serde_yaml_ng::to_string(config)?;
-            Ok(format!("# Generated by Clash Verge\n\n{}", yaml_str))
+            Ok(format!("# Generated by Clash Verge\n\n{}", yaml_str).into())
        })
        .await
        .map_err(|join| anyhow!("runtime serialization task failed: {join}"))?
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ use clash_verge_draft::DraftTransaction;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
 use sha2::{Digest as _, Sha256};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 use super::{Config, IVerge};
 use crate::core::handle::Handle;
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ impl DnsOverrideState {
 pub struct ProfileDnsSettings {
    pub enabled: bool,
    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub confirmation: Option<String>,
 }

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use base64::{Engine as _, engine::general_purpose::STANDARD};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
 use std::cell::Cell;
 use std::future::Future;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 const NONCE_LENGTH: usize = 12;

@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ pub fn encrypt_data(data: &str) -> Result<String, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {

    let mut combined = nonce.to_vec();
    combined.extend(ciphertext);
-    Ok(STANDARD.encode(combined))
+    Ok(STANDARD.encode(combined).into())
 }

 pub fn decrypt_data(encrypted: &str) -> Result<String, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
@@ -46,7 +47,10 @@ pub fn decrypt_data(encrypted: &str) -> Result<String, Box<dyn std::error::Error
        .decrypt(nonce.into(), ciphertext)
        .map_err(|e| format!("Decryption failed: {e}"))?;

-    String::from_utf8(plaintext).map_err(|e| e.into())
+    // from_utf8 exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    std::string::String::from_utf8(plaintext)
+        .map_err(|e| e.into())
+        .map(Into::into)
 }

 pub fn serialize_encrypted<T, S>(value: &T, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
@@ -14,15 +14,6 @@ mod verge;
 pub(crate) use self::config::Config;
 pub use self::{clash::*, encrypt::*, mixed_port::*, prfitem::*, profiles::*, verge::*};

-macro_rules! patch_opt_field {
-    ($lv:expr, $rv:expr, $key:tt) => {
-        if ($rv.$key).is_some() {
-            $lv.$key = $rv.$key.clone();
-        }
-    };
-}
-pub(crate) use patch_opt_field;
-
 pub const DEFAULT_PAC: &str = r#"function FindProxyForURL(url, host) {
  return "PROXY 127.0.0.1:%mixed-port%; SOCKS5 127.0.0.1:%mixed-port%; DIRECT;";
 }
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use serde_yaml_ng::Value;
 use std::{collections::HashSet, net::SocketAddr, str::FromStr as _};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
 struct MixedPortFallback {
@@ -141,8 +142,8 @@ impl Config {
    }

    pub(crate) fn block_startup_core(error: &anyhow::Error) {
-        *STARTUP_CORE_BLOCK_REASON.lock() = Some(error.to_string());
-        report_fallback_error(error.to_string());
+        *STARTUP_CORE_BLOCK_REASON.lock() = Some(error.to_string().into());
+        report_fallback_error(error.to_string().into());
    }

    pub(crate) fn startup_core_block_reason() -> Option<String> {
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-use super::patch_opt_field;
-
 use crate::{
    config::profiles,
    utils::{
@@ -11,9 +9,9 @@ use crate::{
 use anyhow::{Context as _, Result, bail};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::time::Duration;
 use tokio::fs;
+use tristr::alias::String;
 // TODO, use other re-export
 use reqwest_dav::re_exports::url::form_urlencoded;
 use tauri::Url;
@@ -32,24 +30,18 @@ pub(super) fn normalize_profile_home_url(raw: &str) -> Option<String> {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, Default, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct PrfItem {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub uid: Option<String>,

    /// enum value: remote | local | script | merge
    #[serde(rename = "type")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub itype: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub name: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub file: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub desc: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub url: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -64,20 +56,16 @@ pub struct PrfItem {
    pub option: Option<PrfOption>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub home: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip)]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub file_data: Option<String>,
 }

 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct PrfSelected {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub name: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub now: Option<String>,
 }

@@ -93,7 +81,6 @@ pub struct PrfExtra {
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct PrfOption {
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub user_agent: Option<String>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -116,15 +103,10 @@ pub struct PrfOption {

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub allow_auto_update: Option<bool>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub merge: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub script: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub rules: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub proxies: Option<String>,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub groups: Option<String>,
 }

@@ -133,18 +115,19 @@ impl PrfOption {
        match (one, other) {
            (Some(a_ref), Some(b_ref)) => {
                let mut result = a_ref.clone();
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, user_agent);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, with_proxy);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, self_proxy);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, danger_accept_invalid_certs);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, allow_auto_update);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, update_interval);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, merge);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, script);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, rules);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, proxies);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, groups);
-                patch_opt_field!(result, b_ref, timeout_seconds);
+                result.user_agent = b_ref.user_agent.clone().or(result.user_agent);
+                result.with_proxy = b_ref.with_proxy.or(result.with_proxy);
+                result.self_proxy = b_ref.self_proxy.or(result.self_proxy);
+                result.danger_accept_invalid_certs =
+                    b_ref.danger_accept_invalid_certs.or(result.danger_accept_invalid_certs);
+                result.allow_auto_update = b_ref.allow_auto_update.or(result.allow_auto_update);
+                result.update_interval = b_ref.update_interval.or(result.update_interval);
+                result.merge = b_ref.merge.clone().or(result.merge);
+                result.script = b_ref.script.clone().or(result.script);
+                result.rules = b_ref.rules.clone().or(result.rules);
+                result.proxies = b_ref.proxies.clone().or(result.proxies);
+                result.groups = b_ref.groups.clone().or(result.groups);
+                result.timeout_seconds = b_ref.timeout_seconds.or(result.timeout_seconds);
                Some(result)
            }
            (Some(a_ref), None) => Some(a_ref.clone()),
@@ -182,45 +165,13 @@ impl PrfItem {
        }
    }

-    async fn append_companion_item(item: &mut Self) -> Result<String> {
-        profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(item).await?;
-        item.uid
-            .clone()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("appended companion item has no uid"))
-    }
-
-    async fn ensure_companion_items(
-        merge: &mut Option<String>,
-        script: &mut Option<String>,
-        rules: &mut Option<String>,
-        proxies: &mut Option<String>,
-        groups: &mut Option<String>,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        if merge.is_none() {
-            *merge = Some(Self::append_companion_item(&mut Self::from_merge(None)).await?);
-        }
-        if script.is_none() {
-            *script = Some(Self::append_companion_item(&mut Self::from_script(None)).await?);
-        }
-        if rules.is_none() {
-            *rules = Some(Self::append_companion_item(&mut Self::from_rules()).await?);
-        }
-        if proxies.is_none() {
-            *proxies = Some(Self::append_companion_item(&mut Self::from_proxies()).await?);
-        }
-        if groups.is_none() {
-            *groups = Some(Self::append_companion_item(&mut Self::from_groups()).await?);
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
    async fn from_local(
        name: String,
        desc: String,
        file_data: Option<String>,
        option: Option<&PrfOption>,
    ) -> Result<Self> {
-        let uid = help::get_uid("L").into();
+        let uid = help::get_uid("L");
        let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into();
        let opt_ref = option.as_ref();
        let update_interval = opt_ref.and_then(|o| o.update_interval);
@@ -230,7 +181,31 @@ impl PrfItem {
        let mut proxies = opt_ref.and_then(|o| o.proxies.clone());
        let mut groups = opt_ref.and_then(|o| o.groups.clone());

-        Self::ensure_companion_items(&mut merge, &mut script, &mut rules, &mut proxies, &mut groups).await?;
+        if merge.is_none() {
+            let merge_item = &mut Self::from_merge(None);
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(merge_item).await?;
+            merge = merge_item.uid.clone();
+        }
+        if script.is_none() {
+            let script_item = &mut Self::from_script(None);
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(script_item).await?;
+            script = script_item.uid.clone();
+        }
+        if rules.is_none() {
+            let rules_item = &mut Self::from_rules();
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(rules_item).await?;
+            rules = rules_item.uid.clone();
+        }
+        if proxies.is_none() {
+            let proxies_item = &mut Self::from_proxies();
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(proxies_item).await?;
+            proxies = proxies_item.uid.clone();
+        }
+        if groups.is_none() {
+            let groups_item = &mut Self::from_groups();
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(groups_item).await?;
+            groups = groups_item.uid.clone();
+        }
        Ok(Self {
            uid: Some(uid),
            itype: Some("local".into()),
@@ -369,11 +344,11 @@ impl PrfItem {
            .and_then(|value| value.to_str().ok())
            .and_then(normalize_profile_home_url);

-        let uid = help::get_uid("R").into();
+        let uid = help::get_uid("R");
        let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into();
        let name = name
            .map(|s| s.to_owned())
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| filename.map(|s| s.into()).unwrap_or_else(|| "Remote File".into()));
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| filename.unwrap_or_else(|| "Remote File".into()));
        let data = resp.text();

        let data = data.trim_start_matches('\u{feff}');
@@ -384,7 +359,31 @@ impl PrfItem {
            bail!("profile does not contain `proxies` or `proxy-providers`");
        }

-        Self::ensure_companion_items(&mut merge, &mut script, &mut rules, &mut proxies, &mut groups).await?;
+        if merge.is_none() {
+            let merge_item = &mut Self::from_merge(None);
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(merge_item).await?;
+            merge = merge_item.uid.clone();
+        }
+        if script.is_none() {
+            let script_item = &mut Self::from_script(None);
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(script_item).await?;
+            script = script_item.uid.clone();
+        }
+        if rules.is_none() {
+            let rules_item = &mut Self::from_rules();
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(rules_item).await?;
+            rules = rules_item.uid.clone();
+        }
+        if proxies.is_none() {
+            let proxies_item = &mut Self::from_proxies();
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(proxies_item).await?;
+            proxies = proxies_item.uid.clone();
+        }
+        if groups.is_none() {
+            let groups_item = &mut Self::from_groups();
+            profiles::profiles_append_item_safe(groups_item).await?;
+            groups = groups_item.uid.clone();
+        }

        Ok(Self {
            uid: Some(uid),
@@ -415,7 +414,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
        let (id, template) = if let Some(uid) = uid {
            (uid, tmpl::ITEM_MERGE.into())
        } else {
-            (help::get_uid("m").into(), tmpl::ITEM_MERGE_EMPTY.into())
+            (help::get_uid("m"), tmpl::ITEM_MERGE_EMPTY.into())
        };
        let file = format!("{id}.yaml").into();

@@ -430,11 +429,7 @@ impl PrfItem {
    }

    pub(super) fn from_script(uid: Option<String>) -> Self {
-        let id = if let Some(uid) = uid {
-            uid
-        } else {
-            help::get_uid("s").into()
-        };
+        let id = if let Some(uid) = uid { uid } else { help::get_uid("s") };
        let file = format!("{id}.js").into(); // js ext
        Self {
            uid: Some(id),
@@ -446,30 +441,46 @@ impl PrfItem {
        }
    }

-    fn new_seq_item(prefix: &str, itype: &str, template: &str) -> Self {
-        let uid = help::get_uid(prefix).into();
+    fn from_rules() -> Self {
+        let uid = help::get_uid("r");
        let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into(); // yaml ext

        Self {
            uid: Some(uid),
-            itype: Some(itype.into()),
+            itype: Some("rules".into()),
            file: Some(file),
            updated: Some(chrono::Local::now().timestamp() as usize),
-            file_data: Some(template.into()),
+            file_data: Some(tmpl::ITEM_RULES.into()),
            ..Default::default()
        }
    }

-    fn from_rules() -> Self {
-        Self::new_seq_item("r", "rules", tmpl::ITEM_RULES)
-    }
-
    fn from_proxies() -> Self {
-        Self::new_seq_item("p", "proxies", tmpl::ITEM_PROXIES)
+        let uid = help::get_uid("p");
+        let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into(); // yaml ext
+
+        Self {
+            uid: Some(uid),
+            itype: Some("proxies".into()),
+            file: Some(file),
+            updated: Some(chrono::Local::now().timestamp() as usize),
+            file_data: Some(tmpl::ITEM_PROXIES.into()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        }
    }

    fn from_groups() -> Self {
-        Self::new_seq_item("g", "groups", tmpl::ITEM_GROUPS)
+        let uid = help::get_uid("g");
+        let file = format!("{uid}.yaml").into(); // yaml ext
+
+        Self {
+            uid: Some(uid),
+            itype: Some("groups".into()),
+            file: Some(file),
+            updated: Some(chrono::Local::now().timestamp() as usize),
+            file_data: Some(tmpl::ITEM_GROUPS.into()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        }
    }

    pub(crate) async fn read_file(&self) -> Result<String> {
@@ -485,20 +496,26 @@ impl PrfItem {
    }
 }

-macro_rules! current_field {
-    ($name:ident, $field:ident) => {
-        pub(crate) fn $name(&self) -> Option<&String> {
-            self.option.as_ref().and_then(|o| o.$field.as_ref())
-        }
-    };
-}
-
 impl PrfItem {
-    current_field!(current_merge, merge);
-    current_field!(current_script, script);
-    current_field!(current_rules, rules);
-    current_field!(current_proxies, proxies);
-    current_field!(current_groups, groups);
+    pub(crate) fn current_merge(&self) -> Option<&String> {
+        self.option.as_ref().and_then(|o| o.merge.as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn current_script(&self) -> Option<&String> {
+        self.option.as_ref().and_then(|o| o.script.as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn current_rules(&self) -> Option<&String> {
+        self.option.as_ref().and_then(|o| o.rules.as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn current_proxies(&self) -> Option<&String> {
+        self.option.as_ref().and_then(|o| o.proxies.as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn current_groups(&self) -> Option<&String> {
+        self.option.as_ref().and_then(|o| o.groups.as_ref())
+    }
 }

 fn allow_auto_update_enabled(option: Option<&PrfOption>) -> bool {
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::{
-    PrfOption, patch_opt_field,
+    PrfOption,
    prfitem::{PrfItem, PrfSelected, normalize_profile_home_url},
 };
 use crate::core::notify::{Refresh, announce};
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
 use std::{
    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
@@ -30,6 +29,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::models::{Proxies, ProxyType};
 use tokio::{fs, task::JoinHandle};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub(crate) static PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK: tokio::sync::Mutex<()> = tokio::sync::Mutex::const_new(());

@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ const SELECTED_NODES_FIRST_PASS_BUDGET: Duration = Duration::from_secs(3);
 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct IProfiles {
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub current: Option<String>,

    pub items: Option<Vec<PrfItem>>,
@@ -86,6 +85,14 @@ impl ProfileDeletePlan {
    }
 }

+macro_rules! patch {
+    ($lv: expr, $rv: expr, $key: tt) => {
+        if ($rv.$key).is_some() {
+            $lv.$key = $rv.$key.to_owned();
+        }
+    };
+}
+
 impl IProfiles {
    fn take_item_file_by_uid(items: &mut Vec<PrfItem>, target_uid: Option<&str>) -> Option<String> {
        let index = items.iter().position(|item| item.uid.as_deref() == target_uid)?;
@@ -107,7 +114,7 @@ impl IProfiles {
                let mut home_changed = false;
                for item in items.iter_mut() {
                    if item.uid.is_none() {
-                        item.uid = Some(help::get_uid("d").into());
+                        item.uid = Some(help::get_uid("d"));
                    }
                    if item.itype.as_deref() == Some("remote") {
                        item.option
@@ -236,15 +243,15 @@ impl IProfiles {

        for each in items.iter_mut() {
            if each.uid.as_deref() == Some(uid) {
-                patch_opt_field!(each, item, itype);
-                patch_opt_field!(each, item, name);
-                patch_opt_field!(each, item, desc);
-                patch_opt_field!(each, item, file);
-                patch_opt_field!(each, item, url);
-                patch_opt_field!(each, item, selected);
-                patch_opt_field!(each, item, extra);
-                patch_opt_field!(each, item, updated);
-                patch_opt_field!(each, item, option);
+                patch!(each, item, itype);
+                patch!(each, item, name);
+                patch!(each, item, desc);
+                patch!(each, item, file);
+                patch!(each, item, url);
+                patch!(each, item, selected);
+                patch!(each, item, extra);
+                patch!(each, item, updated);
+                patch!(each, item, option);

                self.items = Some(items);
                return self.save_file().await;
@@ -412,21 +419,6 @@ pub(crate) async fn profiles_append_item_with_filedata_safe(item: &PrfItem, file
    profiles_append_item_safe(item).await
 }

-/// Applies `edit` to the committed profiles; commits only when the edit succeeds.
-async fn with_profiles_edit<F, Fut>(edit: F) -> Result<()>
-where
-    F: FnOnce(IProfiles) -> Fut + Send,
-    Fut: std::future::Future<Output = Result<IProfiles>> + Send,
-{
-    Config::profiles()
-        .await
-        .with_data_modify(|profiles| async move {
-            let profiles = edit(profiles).await?;
-            Ok((profiles, ()))
-        })
-        .await
-}
-
 pub(crate) async fn profiles_append_item_safe(item: &mut PrfItem) -> Result<()> {
    let profiles = Config::profiles().await;
    profiles_append_item_to_safe(&profiles, item).await
@@ -442,19 +434,43 @@ pub(super) async fn profiles_append_item_to_safe(profiles: &Draft<IProfiles>, it
 }

 pub(crate) async fn profiles_patch_item_safe(index: &str, item: &PrfItem) -> Result<()> {
-    with_profiles_edit(|mut profiles| async move { profiles.patch_item(index, item).await.map(|_| profiles) }).await
+    Config::profiles()
+        .await
+        .with_data_modify(|mut profiles| async move {
+            profiles.patch_item(index, item).await?;
+            Ok((profiles, ()))
+        })
+        .await
 }

 pub(crate) async fn profiles_reorder_safe(active_id: &str, over_id: &str) -> Result<()> {
-    with_profiles_edit(|mut profiles| async move { profiles.reorder(active_id, over_id).await.map(|_| profiles) }).await
+    Config::profiles()
+        .await
+        .with_data_modify(|mut profiles| async move {
+            profiles.reorder(active_id, over_id).await?;
+            Ok((profiles, ()))
+        })
+        .await
 }

 pub(crate) async fn profiles_save_file_safe() -> Result<()> {
-    with_profiles_edit(|profiles| async move { profiles.save_file().await.map(|_| profiles) }).await
+    Config::profiles()
+        .await
+        .with_data_modify(|profiles| async move {
+            profiles.save_file().await?;
+            Ok((profiles, ()))
+        })
+        .await
 }

 pub(crate) async fn profiles_update_item_safe(index: &str, item: &mut PrfItem) -> Result<()> {
-    with_profiles_edit(|mut profiles| async move { profiles.update_item(index, item).await.map(|_| profiles) }).await
+    Config::profiles()
+        .await
+        .with_data_modify(|mut profiles| async move {
+            profiles.update_item(index, item).await?;
+            Ok((profiles, ()))
+        })
+        .await
 }

 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -696,21 +712,19 @@ where
    Ok(())
 }

-fn current_item_mut(profiles: &mut IProfiles) -> Option<&mut PrfItem> {
-    let current = profiles.current.clone()?;
-    profiles
-        .items
-        .as_mut()?
-        .iter_mut()
-        .find(|item| item.uid.as_ref() == Some(&current))
-}
-
 /// Records a backend-made selection so the next core start restores it.
 pub(crate) async fn record_selected_node(group_name: &str, node: &str) -> Result<()> {
    let group_name = String::from(group_name);
    let node = String::from(node);
    persist_selected_update(true, move |mut profiles| async move {
-        let Some(item) = current_item_mut(&mut profiles) else {
+        let Some(current) = profiles.current.clone() else {
+            return Ok((profiles, false));
+        };
+        let Some(item) = profiles
+            .items
+            .as_mut()
+            .and_then(|items| items.iter_mut().find(|item| item.uid.as_ref() == Some(&current)))
+        else {
            return Ok((profiles, false));
        };

@@ -745,7 +759,14 @@ fn remove_selected_node(selected: &mut Vec<PrfSelected>, group_name: &str) -> bo

 pub(crate) async fn forget_selected_node(group_name: &str) -> Result<()> {
    persist_selected_update(true, move |mut profiles| async move {
-        let Some(item) = current_item_mut(&mut profiles) else {
+        let Some(current) = profiles.current.clone() else {
+            return Ok((profiles, false));
+        };
+        let Some(item) = profiles
+            .items
+            .as_mut()
+            .and_then(|items| items.iter_mut().find(|item| item.uid.as_ref() == Some(&current)))
+        else {
            return Ok((profiles, false));
        };

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 use crate::enhance::field::use_keys;

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use crate::config::Config;
 use crate::{
-    config::{DEFAULT_PAC, deserialize_encrypted, patch_opt_field, serialize_encrypted},
+    config::{DEFAULT_PAC, deserialize_encrypted, serialize_encrypted},
    constants::network,
    utils::{dirs, help},
 };
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use anyhow::Result;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use log::LevelFilter;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 /// ### `verge.yaml` schema
 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, specta::Type)]
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ pub struct IVerge {

    pub traffic_graph: Option<bool>,

-    /// show memory info (only for Mihomo)
+    /// show memory info (only for Clash Meta)
    pub enable_memory_usage: Option<bool>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -432,90 +432,98 @@ impl IVerge {

    #[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
    pub fn patch_config(&mut self, patch: &Self) {
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, app_log_level);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, app_log_max_size);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, app_log_max_count);
+        macro_rules! patch {
+            ($key: tt) => {
+                if patch.$key.is_some() {
+                    self.$key = patch.$key.clone();
+                }
+            };
+        }

-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, language);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, theme_mode);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, tray_event);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, env_type);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, start_page);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, startup_script);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, traffic_graph);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_memory_usage);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_group_icon);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, pause_render_traffic_stats_on_blur);
+        patch!(app_log_level);
+        patch!(app_log_max_size);
+        patch!(app_log_max_count);
+
+        patch!(language);
+        patch!(theme_mode);
+        patch!(tray_event);
+        patch!(env_type);
+        patch!(start_page);
+        patch!(startup_script);
+        patch!(traffic_graph);
+        patch!(enable_memory_usage);
+        patch!(enable_group_icon);
+        patch!(pause_render_traffic_stats_on_blur);
        #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, tray_icon);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, menu_icon);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, menu_order);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, proxy_group_tools_position);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, notice_position);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, collapse_navbar);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, common_tray_icon);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, sysproxy_tray_icon);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, tun_tray_icon);
+        patch!(tray_icon);
+        patch!(menu_icon);
+        patch!(menu_order);
+        patch!(proxy_group_tools_position);
+        patch!(notice_position);
+        patch!(collapse_navbar);
+        patch!(common_tray_icon);
+        patch!(sysproxy_tray_icon);
+        patch!(tun_tray_icon);

-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_tun_mode);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_auto_launch);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_silent_start);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_hover_jump_navigator);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, hover_jump_navigator_delay);
+        patch!(enable_tun_mode);
+        patch!(enable_auto_launch);
+        patch!(enable_silent_start);
+        patch!(enable_hover_jump_navigator);
+        patch!(hover_jump_navigator_delay);
        #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, verge_redir_port);
+        patch!(verge_redir_port);
        #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, verge_redir_enabled);
+        patch!(verge_redir_enabled);
        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, verge_tproxy_port);
+        patch!(verge_tproxy_port);
        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, verge_tproxy_enabled);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, verge_mixed_port);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, verge_socks_port);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, verge_socks_enabled);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, verge_port);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, verge_http_enabled);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_system_proxy);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_proxy_guard);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_bypass_check);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, use_default_bypass);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, system_proxy_bypass);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, proxy_guard_duration);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, proxy_auto_config);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, pac_file_content);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, proxy_host);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, theme_setting);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, web_ui_list);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, clash_core);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, hotkeys);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_global_hotkey);
+        patch!(verge_tproxy_enabled);
+        patch!(verge_mixed_port);
+        patch!(verge_socks_port);
+        patch!(verge_socks_enabled);
+        patch!(verge_port);
+        patch!(verge_http_enabled);
+        patch!(enable_system_proxy);
+        patch!(enable_proxy_guard);
+        patch!(enable_bypass_check);
+        patch!(use_default_bypass);
+        patch!(system_proxy_bypass);
+        patch!(proxy_guard_duration);
+        patch!(proxy_auto_config);
+        patch!(pac_file_content);
+        patch!(proxy_host);
+        patch!(theme_setting);
+        patch!(web_ui_list);
+        patch!(clash_core);
+        patch!(hotkeys);
+        patch!(enable_global_hotkey);

-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, auto_close_connection);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, auto_check_update);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, default_latency_test);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, default_latency_timeout);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_auto_delay_detection);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, auto_delay_detection_interval_minutes);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_builtin_enhanced);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, proxy_layout_column);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, test_list);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, auto_log_clean);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_auto_backup_schedule);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, auto_backup_interval_hours);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, auto_backup_on_change);
+        patch!(auto_close_connection);
+        patch!(auto_check_update);
+        patch!(default_latency_test);
+        patch!(default_latency_timeout);
+        patch!(enable_auto_delay_detection);
+        patch!(auto_delay_detection_interval_minutes);
+        patch!(enable_builtin_enhanced);
+        patch!(proxy_layout_column);
+        patch!(test_list);
+        patch!(auto_log_clean);
+        patch!(enable_auto_backup_schedule);
+        patch!(auto_backup_interval_hours);
+        patch!(auto_backup_on_change);

-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, webdav_url);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, webdav_username);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, webdav_password);
+        patch!(webdav_url);
+        patch!(webdav_username);
+        patch!(webdav_password);
        #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_tray_speed);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, tray_proxy_groups_display_mode);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, tray_inline_outbound_modes);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_auto_light_weight_mode);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, auto_light_weight_minutes);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_dns_settings);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, home_cards);
-        patch_opt_field!(self, patch, enable_external_controller);
+        patch!(enable_tray_speed);
+        patch!(tray_proxy_groups_display_mode);
+        patch!(tray_inline_outbound_modes);
+        patch!(enable_auto_light_weight_mode);
+        patch!(auto_light_weight_minutes);
+        patch!(enable_dns_settings);
+        patch!(home_cards);
+        patch!(enable_external_controller);
    }

    pub fn get_log_level(&self) -> LevelFilter {
@@ -14,13 +14,6 @@ pub mod network {
    }
 }

-pub mod sysproxy {
-    /// Single source of the macOS default bypass list; both proxy backends compose from it.
-    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
-    pub const MACOS_DEFAULT_BYPASS: &str =
-        "127.0.0.1,192.168.0.0/16,10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,localhost,*.local,*.crashlytics.com,<local>";
-}
-
 pub mod timing {
    use super::Duration;

@@ -7,10 +7,11 @@ use crate::{
 use anyhow::Result;
 use chrono::Local;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use std::{
    path::PathBuf,
    sync::{
-        OnceLock,
+        Arc, OnceLock,
        atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicI64, Ordering},
    },
    time::{Duration, UNIX_EPOCH},
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ use tokio::{
    fs,
    sync::{Mutex, watch},
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 const DEFAULT_INTERVAL_HOURS: u64 = 24;
 const MIN_INTERVAL_HOURS: u64 = 1;
@@ -81,9 +83,8 @@ impl Default for AutoBackupSettings {
 }

 pub struct AutoBackupManager {
+    settings: Arc<RwLock<AutoBackupSettings>>,
    settings_tx: watch::Sender<AutoBackupSettings>,
-    // The watch channel is the single settings store; no duplicate copies.
-    settings_rx: watch::Receiver<AutoBackupSettings>,
    runner_started: AtomicBool,
    exec_lock: Mutex<()>,
    last_backup: AtomicI64,
@@ -93,10 +94,10 @@ impl AutoBackupManager {
    pub fn global() -> &'static Self {
        static INSTANCE: OnceLock<AutoBackupManager> = OnceLock::new();
        INSTANCE.get_or_init(|| {
-            let (settings_tx, settings_rx) = watch::channel(AutoBackupSettings::default());
+            let (tx, _rx) = watch::channel(AutoBackupSettings::default());
            Self {
-                settings_tx,
-                settings_rx,
+                settings: Arc::new(RwLock::new(AutoBackupSettings::default())),
+                settings_tx: tx,
                runner_started: AtomicBool::new(false),
                exec_lock: Mutex::new(()),
                last_backup: AtomicI64::new(0),
@@ -106,6 +107,9 @@ impl AutoBackupManager {

    pub async fn init(&self) -> Result<()> {
        let settings = Self::load_settings().await;
+        {
+            *self.settings.write() = settings;
+        }
        let _ = self.settings_tx.send(settings);
        self.maybe_start_runner(settings);
        Ok(())
@@ -113,6 +117,9 @@ impl AutoBackupManager {

    pub async fn refresh_settings(&self) -> Result<()> {
        let settings = Self::load_settings().await;
+        {
+            *self.settings.write() = settings;
+        }
        let _ = self.settings_tx.send(settings);
        self.maybe_start_runner(settings);
        Ok(())
@@ -187,7 +194,7 @@ impl AutoBackupManager {
    }

    async fn execute_trigger(&self, trigger: AutoBackupTrigger) -> Result<()> {
-        let snapshot = *self.settings_rx.borrow();
+        let snapshot = *self.settings.read();

        if trigger.is_schedule() && !snapshot.schedule_enabled {
            return Ok(());
@@ -205,7 +212,7 @@ impl AutoBackupManager {
            return Ok(());
        }

-        let file_name = create_local_backup_with_namer(|name| append_auto_suffix(name, trigger.slug()).into()).await?;
+        let file_name = create_local_backup_with_namer(|name| append_auto_suffix(name, trigger.slug())).await?;
        self.last_backup.store(Local::now().timestamp(), Ordering::Release);

        if let Err(err) = cleanup_auto_backups().await {
@@ -233,8 +240,8 @@ impl AutoBackupManager {

 fn append_auto_suffix(file_name: &str, slug: &str) -> String {
    match file_name.rsplit_once('.') {
-        Some((stem, ext)) => format!("{stem}{AUTO_MARKER}{slug}.{ext}"),
-        None => format!("{file_name}{AUTO_MARKER}{slug}"),
+        Some((stem, ext)) => format!("{stem}{AUTO_MARKER}{slug}.{ext}").into(),
+        None => format!("{file_name}{AUTO_MARKER}{slug}").into(),
    }
 }

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ use arc_swap::{ArcSwap, ArcSwapOption};
 use backon::{ConstantBuilder, Retryable as _};
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use reqwest_dav::list_cmd::{ListEntity, ListFile, ListMultiStatus};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
    collections::HashMap,
    env::{consts::OS, temp_dir},
@@ -15,6 +14,7 @@ use std::{
    time::Duration,
 };
 use tokio::{fs, time::timeout};
+use tristr::alias::String;
 use zip::write::SimpleFileOptions;

 const APP_VERSION: &str = env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION");
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ use crate::{config::Config, core::handle, core::lightweight::entry_lightweight_m
 use anyhow::{Result, bail};
 use arc_swap::ArcSwap;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
    collections::HashMap,
    fmt,
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@ use std::{
    },
 };
 use tauri_plugin_global_shortcut::{Code, GlobalShortcutExt as _, ShortcutState};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 /// Enum representing all available hotkey functions
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
@@ -466,3 +466,12 @@ impl Hotkey {
        (del_list, add_list)
    }
 }
+
+impl Drop for Hotkey {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let app_handle = handle::Handle::app_handle();
+        if let Err(e) = app_handle.global_shortcut().unregister_all() {
+            logging!(error, Type::Hotkey, "Error unregistering all hotkeys: {:?}", e);
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -40,47 +40,8 @@ impl LightweightState {

 static LIGHTWEIGHT_STATE: AtomicU8 = AtomicU8::new(LightweightState::Normal as u8);

-struct WindowListener {
-    handler_id: AtomicU32,
-    event: &'static str,
-    label: &'static str,
-}
-
-impl WindowListener {
-    fn setup(&self, on_event: impl Fn() + Send + 'static) {
-        if let Some(window) = WindowManager::get_main_window() {
-            let previous_handler_id = self.handler_id.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
-            if previous_handler_id != 0 {
-                window.unlisten(previous_handler_id);
-                logging!(debug, Type::Lightweight, "覆盖旧的{}监听", self.label);
-            }
-            let handler_id = window.listen(self.event, move |_event| on_event());
-            self.handler_id.store(handler_id, Ordering::Release);
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn cancel(&self) {
-        let id = self.handler_id.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
-        if id != 0 {
-            if let Some(window) = WindowManager::get_main_window() {
-                window.unlisten(id);
-            }
-            logging!(debug, Type::Lightweight, "取消了{}监听", self.label);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static WINDOW_CLOSE_LISTENER: WindowListener = WindowListener {
-    handler_id: AtomicU32::new(0),
-    event: "tauri://close-requested",
-    label: "窗口关闭",
-};
-
-static WEBVIEW_FOCUS_LISTENER: WindowListener = WindowListener {
-    handler_id: AtomicU32::new(0),
-    event: "tauri://focus",
-    label: "窗口焦点",
-};
+static WINDOW_CLOSE_HANDLER_ID: AtomicU32 = AtomicU32::new(0);
+static WEBVIEW_FOCUS_HANDLER_ID: AtomicU32 = AtomicU32::new(0);

 static CANCEL_TX: Mutex<Option<oneshot::Sender<()>>> = Mutex::new(None);

@@ -193,27 +154,55 @@ pub async fn add_light_weight_timer() {
 }

 fn setup_window_close_listener() {
-    WINDOW_CLOSE_LISTENER.setup(|| {
-        std::mem::drop(AsyncHandler::spawn(|| async {
-            setup_light_weight_timer().await;
-        }));
-        logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, "监听到关闭请求，开始轻量模式计时");
-    });
+    if let Some(window) = WindowManager::get_main_window() {
+        let previous_handler_id = WINDOW_CLOSE_HANDLER_ID.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
+        if previous_handler_id != 0 {
+            window.unlisten(previous_handler_id);
+            logging!(debug, Type::Lightweight, "覆盖旧的窗口关闭监听");
+        }
+        let handler_id = window.listen("tauri://close-requested", move |_event| {
+            std::mem::drop(AsyncHandler::spawn(|| async {
+                setup_light_weight_timer().await;
+            }));
+            logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, "监听到关闭请求，开始轻量模式计时");
+        });
+        WINDOW_CLOSE_HANDLER_ID.store(handler_id, Ordering::Release);
+    }
 }

 fn cancel_window_close_listener() {
-    WINDOW_CLOSE_LISTENER.cancel();
+    let id = WINDOW_CLOSE_HANDLER_ID.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
+    if id != 0 {
+        if let Some(window) = WindowManager::get_main_window() {
+            window.unlisten(id);
+        }
+        logging!(debug, Type::Lightweight, "取消了窗口关闭监听");
+    }
 }

 fn setup_webview_focus_listener() {
-    WEBVIEW_FOCUS_LISTENER.setup(|| {
-        cancel_light_weight_timer();
-        logging!(debug, Type::Lightweight, "监听到窗口获得焦点，取消轻量模式计时");
-    });
+    if let Some(window) = WindowManager::get_main_window() {
+        let previous_handler_id = WEBVIEW_FOCUS_HANDLER_ID.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
+        if previous_handler_id != 0 {
+            window.unlisten(previous_handler_id);
+            logging!(debug, Type::Lightweight, "覆盖旧的窗口焦点监听");
+        }
+        let handler_id = window.listen("tauri://focus", move |_event| {
+            cancel_light_weight_timer();
+            logging!(debug, Type::Lightweight, "监听到窗口获得焦点，取消轻量模式计时");
+        });
+        WEBVIEW_FOCUS_HANDLER_ID.store(handler_id, Ordering::Release);
+    }
 }

 fn cancel_webview_focus_listener() {
-    WEBVIEW_FOCUS_LISTENER.cancel();
+    let id = WEBVIEW_FOCUS_HANDLER_ID.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
+    if id != 0 {
+        if let Some(window) = WindowManager::get_main_window() {
+            window.unlisten(id);
+        }
+        logging!(debug, Type::Lightweight, "取消了窗口焦点监听");
+    }
 }

 async fn setup_light_weight_timer() {
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use std::{
    net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, Ipv6Addr, SocketAddr},
    str::FromStr as _,
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 /// The config key of the Mixed Port, named once so callers stop spelling it out.
 pub(crate) const MIXED_PORT_KEY: &str = "mixed-port";
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ pub(crate) fn probe_listener(request: &ListenerProbe) -> ListenerProbeOutcome {
        Ok(address) => address,
        Err(error) => {
            return ListenerProbeOutcome::Invalid {
-                message: error.to_string(),
+                message: error.to_string().into(),
            };
        }
    };
@@ -201,7 +202,7 @@ pub(crate) fn probe_proxy_port_change(
            Ok(claims) => claims,
            Err(error) => {
                return ListenerProbeOutcome::Invalid {
-                    message: format!("current proxy listener configuration is invalid: {error:#}"),
+                    message: format!("current proxy listener configuration is invalid: {error:#}").into(),
                };
            }
        }
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ pub(crate) fn probe_proxy_port_change(
        Ok(claims) => claims,
        Err(error) => {
            return ListenerProbeOutcome::Invalid {
-                message: format!("candidate proxy listener configuration is invalid: {error:#}"),
+                message: format!("candidate proxy listener configuration is invalid: {error:#}").into(),
            };
        }
    };
@@ -401,7 +402,8 @@ fn probe_claims(claims: &[BindClaim]) -> ListenerProbeOutcome {
                        claim.socket_addr(),
                        transport_name(claim.transport),
                        error
-                    ),
+                    )
+                    .into(),
                };
            }
            Err(error) => {
@@ -412,7 +414,8 @@ fn probe_claims(claims: &[BindClaim]) -> ListenerProbeOutcome {
                        claim.socket_addr(),
                        transport_name(claim.transport),
                        error
-                    ),
+                    )
+                    .into(),
                };
            }
        }
@@ -739,7 +742,7 @@ mod tests {
        let port = listener.local_addr()?.port();
        assert_eq!(
            probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-                address: format!("0.0.0.0:{port}"),
+                address: format!("0.0.0.0:{port}").into(),
                transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Tcp],
            }),
            ListenerProbeOutcome::Conflict {
@@ -755,7 +758,7 @@ mod tests {
        let listener = TcpListener::bind((Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST, 0))?;
        let port = listener.local_addr()?.port();
        let outcome = probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}"),
+            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}").into(),
            transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Tcp],
        });
        assert_eq!(
@@ -773,7 +776,7 @@ mod tests {
        let listener = TcpListener::bind((Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED, 0))?;
        let port = listener.local_addr()?.port();
        let outcome = probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}"),
+            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}").into(),
            transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Tcp],
        });
        assert_eq!(
@@ -809,7 +812,7 @@ mod tests {

        assert_eq!(
            probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-                address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}"),
+                address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}").into(),
                transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Tcp],
            }),
            ListenerProbeOutcome::Available
@@ -822,7 +825,7 @@ mod tests {
        let socket = UdpSocket::bind((Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST, 0))?;
        let port = socket.local_addr()?.port();
        let outcome = probe_listener(&ListenerProbe {
-            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}"),
+            address: format!("127.0.0.1:{port}").into(),
            transports: vec![ListenerTransport::Udp],
        });
        assert_eq!(
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ use clash_verge_draft::DraftTransaction;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use clash_verge_service_ipc::StageRuntimeOutcome;
 use scopeguard::defer;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
    collections::HashSet,
    path::PathBuf,
@@ -23,6 +22,7 @@ use std::{
    time::{Duration, Instant},
 };
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::Error as MihomoError;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 /// A staging result separated from the policy that acts on it.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ async fn ask_to_stage(path: &std::path::Path) -> StageAttempt {
    match crate::core::service::stage_runtime_by_service(path).await {
        Ok(StageRequest::Answered(outcome)) => StageAttempt::Answered(outcome),
        Ok(StageRequest::Refused { code, message }) => {
-            let message = message.into();
+            let message = message;
            if StageRequest::is_about_the_bundle(code) {
                StageAttempt::RefusedTheBundle(message)
            } else {
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ use crate::core::service::{SERVICE_MANAGER, ServiceStatus};
 use anyhow::Result;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use scopeguard::defer;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::path::Path;
 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 use tauri_plugin_clash_verge_sysinfo::is_current_app_handle_admin;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[cfg(any(target_os = "windows", test))]
 const fn should_wait_for_service(tun_enabled: bool, service_ready: bool, is_admin: bool) -> bool {
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ async fn run_service_start_with_sidecar_fallback<Start, StartFuture, Check, Chec
    start_service: Start,
    confirm_idle: Check,
    start_sidecar: Fallback,
-    record_unavailable: impl FnOnce(std::string::String),
+    record_unavailable: impl FnOnce(String),
 ) -> Result<()>
 where
    Start: FnOnce() -> StartFuture,
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ where
    // A lost start response can hide a running core; the shared check must resolve occupancy.
    if let Err(probe_error) = confirm_idle().await {
        let error = error.context(format!("Sidecar fallback was not safe: {probe_error:#}"));
-        record_unavailable(format!("{error:#}"));
+        record_unavailable(format!("{error:#}").into());
        return Err(error);
    }
    logging!(
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                        |error| self.start_sidecar_after_service_failure(error),
                        |reason| {
                            crate::core::runstate::RUN_STATE
-                                .observe(crate::core::runstate::ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason));
+                                .observe(crate::core::runstate::ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason.into()));
                        },
                    )
                    .await
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
        }
        let reason = match state.health {
            ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason) => reason,
-            ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch => "registered service is unavailable or incompatible".to_owned(),
+            ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch => "registered service is unavailable or incompatible".into(),
            _ => return Ok(()),
        };
        if let Err(error) = clash_verge_service_ipc::execution::check_sidecar_available()
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
        if Handle::global().is_exiting() {
            return Err(error.context("application exited before Sidecar fallback"));
        }
-        let reason = format!("{error:#}");
+        let reason: String = format!("{error:#}").into();
        RUN_STATE.allow_sidecar_after_service_refusal(reason.clone())?;
        logging!(warn, Type::Core, "Starting Sidecar with Service unavailable: {reason}");
        let result = self.start_core_by_sidecar().await;
@@ -1590,7 +1590,7 @@ mod tests {
                    started.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
                    Ok(())
                },
-                |reason| store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason)),
+                |reason| store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(reason.into())),
            )
            .await;

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
 use std::path::Path;
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::MihomoExt as _;
 use tauri_plugin_shell::ShellExt as _;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub(super) fn explain_core_occupancy(error: anyhow::Error) -> anyhow::Error {
    let detail = error.to_string();
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ pub(super) fn explain_core_occupancy(error: anyhow::Error) -> anyhow::Error {
 }

 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
-fn sidecar_config_without_tun(yaml: &str) -> Result<std::string::String> {
+fn sidecar_config_without_tun(yaml: &str) -> Result<String> {
    use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};

    let mut config: Mapping = serde_yaml_ng::from_str(yaml)?;
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ fn sidecar_config_without_tun(yaml: &str) -> Result<std::string::String> {
    tun.as_mapping_mut()
        .context("invalid Sidecar TUN configuration")?
        .insert(Value::from("enable"), Value::Bool(false));
-    Ok(serde_yaml_ng::to_string(&config)?)
+    Ok(serde_yaml_ng::to_string(&config)?.into())
 }

 const SIDECAR_READINESS_ATTEMPTS: usize = 30;
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
    pub async fn get_clash_logs(&self) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
        match *self.get_running_mode() {
            RunningMode::Service => service::get_clash_logs_by_service().await,
-            RunningMode::Sidecar => Ok(CLASH_LOGGER.get_logs()),
+            RunningMode::Sidecar => Ok(CLASH_LOGGER.get_logs().into_iter().map(Into::into).collect()),
            RunningMode::NotRunning => Ok(Vec::new()),
        }
    }
@@ -257,7 +258,9 @@ impl CoreManager {
                match event {
                    tauri_plugin_shell::process::CommandEvent::Stdout(line)
                    | tauri_plugin_shell::process::CommandEvent::Stderr(line) => {
-                        let message = String::from_utf8_lossy_owned(line);
+                        // from_utf8_lossy_owned exists only on the std String type; the tristr
+                        // alias shadows the bare name. LogRing stores std Strings.
+                        let message = std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy_owned(line);
                        Logger::global().writer_sidecar_log(Level::Error, &message);
                        CLASH_LOGGER.append_log(message);
                    }
@@ -265,12 +268,12 @@ impl CoreManager {
                        let _ = terminated.send(());
                        let manager = Self::global();
                        let _ = manager.invalidate_core_readiness_if(core_readiness_generation);
-                        let message = if let Some(code) = term.code {
-                            format!("Process terminated with code: {}", code)
+                        let message: String = if let Some(code) = term.code {
+                            format!("Process terminated with code: {}", code).into()
                        } else if let Some(signal) = term.signal {
-                            format!("Process terminated by signal: {}", signal)
+                            format!("Process terminated by signal: {}", signal).into()
                        } else {
-                            String::from("Process terminated")
+                            "Process terminated".into()
                        };
                        Logger::global().writer_sidecar_log(Level::Info, &message);
                        CLASH_LOGGER.clear_logs();
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
 use super::NoticeStatus;
 use crate::{APP_HANDLE, singleton};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
-use std::sync::{
-    Arc,
-    atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
-};
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
 use tauri::AppHandle;
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::{Mihomo, MihomoExt as _};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 use super::notification::{FrontendEvent, NotificationSystem};

@@ -73,7 +70,7 @@ impl Handle {
        Self::send_event(FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateCompleted { uid });
    }

-    pub fn notice(status: NoticeStatus, message: impl Into<Arc<str>>) {
+    pub fn notice(status: NoticeStatus, message: impl Into<String>) {
        Self::send_event(FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage {
            status,
            message: message.into(),
@@ -3,11 +3,10 @@ use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 #[cfg(test)]
 use serde_json::json;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
-use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::sync::LazyLock;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, future::Future};
 use tauri::{AppHandle, Emitter as _, Manager as _, WebviewWindow};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum FrontendEvent<'a> {
@@ -17,7 +16,7 @@ pub enum FrontendEvent<'a> {
    RefreshProxyConfig,
    NoticeMessage {
        status: NoticeStatus,
-        message: Arc<str>,
+        message: String,
    },
    ProfileChanged {
        current_profile_id: &'a String,
@@ -77,10 +76,8 @@ impl FailedOperation {
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct PendingFailure {
    /// Stable code used as the table key.
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub code: String,
    /// Full diagnostic context chain.
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub detail: String,
    pub operation: FailedOperation,
    /// Monotonic identity for repeated failures under the same code.
@@ -247,7 +244,6 @@ static PENDING_FAILURES: LazyLock<FailureTable> = LazyLock::new(FailureTable::de
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
 pub struct SidecarFailureSnapshot {
    pub revision: u64,
-    #[specta(type = Option<std::string::String>)]
    pub detail: Option<String>,
 }

@@ -391,7 +387,7 @@ fn sample_frontend_events(uid: &String) -> Vec<(FrontendEvent<'_>, &'static str,
        (
            FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage {
                status: NoticeStatus::Info,
-                message: Arc::from("ok"),
+                message: String::from("ok"),
            },
            "verge://notice-message",
            json!(["info", "ok"]),
@@ -456,16 +452,16 @@ frontend_events! {
    refresh_verge: () = "verge://refresh-verge-config", FrontendEvent::RefreshVerge => ();
    refresh_profiles: () = "verge://refresh-profiles", FrontendEvent::RefreshProfiles => ();
    refresh_proxy: () = "verge://refresh-proxy-config", FrontendEvent::RefreshProxyConfig => ();
-    notice: (NoticeStatus, std::string::String) = "verge://notice-message", FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage { status, ref message } => (status, message.to_string());
-    profile_changed: std::string::String = "profile-changed", FrontendEvent::ProfileChanged { current_profile_id } => current_profile_id.to_string();
-    timer_updated: std::string::String = "verge://timer-updated", FrontendEvent::TimerUpdated { profile_index } => profile_index.to_string();
-    profile_started: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-started", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateStarted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.to_string() };
-    profile_completed: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-completed", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateCompleted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.to_string() };
+    notice: (NoticeStatus, String) = "verge://notice-message", FrontendEvent::NoticeMessage { status, ref message } => (status, message.clone());
+    profile_changed: String = "profile-changed", FrontendEvent::ProfileChanged { current_profile_id } => current_profile_id.clone();
+    timer_updated: String = "verge://timer-updated", FrontendEvent::TimerUpdated { profile_index } => profile_index.clone();
+    profile_started: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-started", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateStarted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.clone() };
+    profile_completed: ProfileUpdatePayload = "profile-update-completed", FrontendEvent::ProfileUpdateCompleted { uid } => ProfileUpdatePayload { uid: uid.clone() };
    run_state: crate::core::runstate::RunStateView = "verge://run-state-changed", FrontendEvent::RunStateChanged { state } => state;
    pending_failures: () = "verge://pending-failures-changed", FrontendEvent::PendingFailuresChanged => ();
 }

 #[derive(serde::Serialize, specta::Type)]
 pub struct ProfileUpdatePayload {
-    pub uid: std::string::String,
+    pub uid: String,
 }
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ use crate::utils::dirs;
 use anyhow::{Context as _, Result};
 use clash_verge_service_ipc::{OwnerCredentials, OwnerIdentity};
 use std::path::Path;
+#[cfg(windows)]
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub(crate) fn current_owner_credentials() -> Result<OwnerCredentials> {
    current_owner_credentials_for_root(&dirs::app_home_dir()?)
@@ -39,16 +41,16 @@ pub(crate) fn current_owner_credentials_for_root(app_root: &Path) -> Result<Owne
 }

 #[cfg(windows)]
-fn windows_owner_credentials(app_data_root: &Path) -> Result<(OwnerIdentity, Option<String>)> {
+fn windows_owner_credentials(app_data_root: &Path) -> Result<(OwnerIdentity, Option<std::string::String>)> {
    let sid = windows_owner::current_sid()?;
    let token = windows_owner::load_or_create_token(app_data_root, &sid)?;
-    Ok((OwnerIdentity::Windows { sid }, Some(token)))
+    Ok((OwnerIdentity::Windows { sid: sid.into() }, Some(token.into())))
 }

 #[cfg(windows)]
 fn windows_current_identity() -> Result<OwnerIdentity> {
    Ok(OwnerIdentity::Windows {
-        sid: windows_owner::current_sid()?,
+        sid: windows_owner::current_sid()?.into(),
    })
 }

@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ pub(crate) fn repair_app_data_root_owner(app_data_root: &Path) -> Result<()> {
 #[cfg(windows)]
 pub(crate) fn current_user_pipe_sddl() -> Result<String> {
    let sid = windows_owner::current_sid()?;
-    Ok(format!("D:P(A;;GA;;;{sid})(A;;GA;;;SY)(A;;GA;;;BA)"))
+    Ok(format!("D:P(A;;GA;;;{sid})(A;;GA;;;SY)(A;;GA;;;BA)").into())
 }

 #[cfg(windows)]
@@ -644,17 +646,19 @@ mod windows_owner {
        }
        let value = LocalWideString(value);
        let length = (0..).take_while(|index| unsafe { *value.0.add(*index) } != 0).count();
-        String::from_utf16(unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(value.0, length) })
+        // from_utf16 exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+        std::string::String::from_utf16(unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(value.0, length) })
            .context("process SID is not valid UTF-16")
+            .map(Into::into)
    }

    fn encode_token(token: &[u8; TOKEN_BYTES]) -> String {
-        let mut encoded = String::with_capacity(TOKEN_BYTES * 2);
+        let mut encoded = std::string::String::with_capacity(TOKEN_BYTES * 2);
        for byte in token {
            use std::fmt::Write as _;
            let _ = write!(encoded, "{byte:02x}");
        }
-        encoded
+        encoded.into()
    }

    fn wide_path(path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<u16>> {
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use crate::{
        notification::{self, FailedOperation},
        runstate::RUN_STATE,
        service,
-        sysopt::{Sysopt, format_bypass},
+        sysopt::Sysopt,
    },
    process::AsyncHandler,
    utils::{
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ use std::{
    time::Duration,
 };
 use tokio::{sync::Mutex, time::timeout};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 const CLEAR_ATTEMPTS: u32 = 3;
 const CLEAR_RETRY_DELAY: Duration = Duration::from_millis(100);
@@ -204,6 +205,8 @@ const fn refusal_classification(service_usable: Option<bool>) -> SysproxyFailure
 }

 const LOOPBACK_HOST: &str = "127.0.0.1";
+const MACOS_DEFAULT_BYPASS: &str =
+    "127.0.0.1,192.168.0.0/16,10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,localhost,*.local,*.crashlytics.com,<local>";
 const MAX_SERVICE_BYPASS_LEN: usize = 8192;

 static SERVICE_PROXY_OPERATIONS: ServiceProxyOperations = ServiceProxyOperations::new();
@@ -318,14 +321,21 @@ fn truncate_utf8(value: &mut String, max_bytes: usize) {
    while !value.is_char_boundary(boundary) {
        boundary -= 1;
    }
-    value.truncate(boundary);
+    let truncated = value.as_str()[..boundary].into();
+    *value = truncated;
 }

 fn service_bypass(verge: &IVerge) -> Result<String> {
    let custom = verge.system_proxy_bypass.as_deref().unwrap_or("");
    ensure!(!custom.contains('\0'), "system proxy bypass contains NUL");

-    let mut bypass: String = format_bypass(verge.use_default_bypass.unwrap_or(true), custom).into();
+    let mut bypass = if custom.is_empty() {
+        MACOS_DEFAULT_BYPASS.into()
+    } else if verge.use_default_bypass.unwrap_or(true) {
+        format!("{MACOS_DEFAULT_BYPASS},{custom}").into()
+    } else {
+        custom.into()
+    };
    truncate_utf8(&mut bypass, MAX_SERVICE_BYPASS_LEN);
    Ok(bypass)
 }
@@ -345,7 +355,7 @@ fn service_proxy_config(verge: &IVerge, mixed_port: u16, pac_port: u16) -> Resul
        Ok(MacosProxyConfig::Global {
            host: LOOPBACK_HOST.to_owned(),
            port: mixed_port,
-            bypass: service_bypass(verge)?,
+            bypass: service_bypass(verge)?.into(),
        })
    }
 }
@@ -360,7 +370,7 @@ fn service_apply_result(requested: &MacosProxyConfig, outcome: ProxyApplyOutcome
        // Direct fallback satisfies a disable request.
        ProxyApplyOutcome::DirectFallback { .. } if matches!(requested, MacosProxyConfig::Disabled) => Ok(()),
        ProxyApplyOutcome::DirectFallback { message } => {
-            Err(SysproxyFailure::DirectFallback { detail: message }.into())
+            Err(SysproxyFailure::DirectFallback { detail: message.into() }.into())
        }
    }
 }
@@ -636,7 +646,7 @@ const GUARD_FAILURES_BEFORE_STOPPING: u32 = 3;

 async fn report_guard_stopped(captured_generation: u64, error: &anyhow::Error) {
    let stopped = anyhow::Error::new(SysproxyFailure::GuardStopped {
-        detail: format!("{error:#}"),
+        detail: format!("{error:#}").into(),
    });
    // Do not publish a late failure from a replaced guard.
    let recorded = SERVICE_PROXY_OPERATIONS
@@ -1098,7 +1108,7 @@ mod tests {
        let requested = MacosProxyConfig::Global {
            host: "127.0.0.1".to_owned(),
            port: 7890,
-            bypass: String::new(),
+            bypass: std::string::String::new(),
        };

        let error = service_apply_result(
@@ -1138,8 +1148,8 @@ mod tests {
        let events = Mutex::new(Vec::new());
        super::settle_table(
            effect,
-            |asked| events.lock().push(format!("retire:{asked:?}")),
-            |operation, _| events.lock().push(format!("file:{operation:?}")),
+            |asked| events.lock().push(format!("retire:{asked:?}").into()),
+            |operation, _| events.lock().push(format!("file:{operation:?}").into()),
        );
        events.into_inner()
    }
@@ -1268,7 +1278,7 @@ mod tests {
        let combined = rollback_failure(
            mappable(),
            anyhow::anyhow!("the service could not set it").context(SysproxyFailure::DirectFallback {
-                detail: "fell back to direct".to_owned(),
+                detail: "fell back to direct".into(),
            }),
        );

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use serde::Serialize;
 use tauri_plugin_mihomo::models::{
    DelayHistory, Proxies, Proxy, ProxyProvider, ProxyProviders, ProxyType, VehicleType,
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub struct ProxyViewInput {
    pub runtime_group_order: Vec<String>,
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ impl ProxyViewBuilder {

        let global = core_groups
            .remove("GLOBAL")
-            .map(|proxy| build_group("GLOBAL".to_owned(), proxy, &resolver));
+            .map(|proxy| build_group(String::from("GLOBAL"), proxy, &resolver));
        let (groups, order_source) = build_ordered_groups(core_groups, runtime_group_order, &resolver);
        let direct = core_node_ids.get("DIRECT").cloned();
        let standalone = build_standalone(&core_node_ids);
@@ -294,6 +295,7 @@ fn partition_core(proxies: Proxies) -> (BTreeMap<String, Proxy>, BTreeMap<String
    let mut nodes = BTreeMap::new();

    for (name, proxy) in proxies.proxies {
+        let name = String::from(name);
        if proxy.all.is_some() {
            groups.insert(name, proxy);
        } else {
@@ -311,7 +313,7 @@ fn build_core_records(
    let mut ids = BTreeMap::new();

    for (index, (name, proxy)) in core_nodes.into_iter().enumerate() {
-        let record_id = format!("c:{index}");
+        let record_id = String::from(format!("c:{index}"));
        ids.insert(name.clone(), record_id.clone());
        records.insert(
            record_id.clone(),
@@ -332,7 +334,13 @@ fn build_provider_records(
    records: &mut BTreeMap<String, ProxyNodeView>,
 ) -> (Vec<ProxyProviderView>, ProviderCandidates) {
    let providers = providers
-        .map(|providers| providers.providers.into_iter().collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>())
+        .map(|providers| {
+            providers
+                .providers
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|(name, provider)| (String::from(name), provider))
+                .collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>()
+        })
        .unwrap_or_default();
    let mut views = Vec::new();
    let mut candidates = BTreeMap::new();
@@ -355,9 +363,9 @@ fn build_provider_records(
        let mut proxy_record_ids = Vec::new();

        for (member_index, proxy) in proxies.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            let record_id = format!("p:{provider_index}:{member_index}");
-            let proxy_name = proxy.name.clone();
-            let node_name = proxy.name.clone();
+            let record_id = String::from(format!("p:{provider_index}:{member_index}"));
+            let proxy_name = String::from(proxy.name.as_str());
+            let node_name = String::from(proxy.name.as_str());
            candidates
                .entry(proxy_name.clone())
                .or_insert_with(Vec::new)
@@ -380,7 +388,7 @@ fn build_provider_records(
        views.push(ProxyProviderView {
            name: provider_name,
            vehicle_type,
-            updated_at,
+            updated_at: updated_at.map(String::from),
            subscription_info: subscription_info.map(|subscription_info| ProxySubscriptionInfo {
                upload: subscription_info.upload,
                download: subscription_info.download,
@@ -417,6 +425,7 @@ fn build_group(name: String, proxy: Proxy, resolver: &MemberResolver<'_>) -> Pro
        .unwrap_or_default()
        .into_iter()
        .map(|member| {
+            let member = String::from(member);
            let (occurrence, scoped) = seen
                .entry(member.clone())
                .or_insert_with(|| (0, resolver.scoped_candidates(&name, &member)));
@@ -429,11 +438,11 @@ fn build_group(name: String, proxy: Proxy, resolver: &MemberResolver<'_>) -> Pro
    ProxyGroupView {
        name,
        proxy_type,
-        now,
-        fixed,
+        now: now.map(String::from),
+        fixed: fixed.map(String::from),
        hidden,
-        icon,
-        test_url,
+        icon: icon.map(String::from),
+        test_url: test_url.map(String::from),
        history,
        capabilities: ProxyCapabilities {
            udp,
@@ -467,10 +476,10 @@ fn build_node(record_id: String, name: String, proxy: Proxy, source: ProxyNodeSo
        name,
        proxy_type,
        history,
-        id,
+        id: id.map(String::from),
        hidden,
-        icon,
-        test_url,
+        icon: icon.map(String::from),
+        test_url: test_url.map(String::from),
        capabilities: ProxyCapabilities {
            udp,
            xudp,
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ impl RunStateEnv for RealEnv {
        Ok(ServiceVersionReply {
            core,
            code: response.code,
-            message: response.message,
+            message: response.message.into(),
            protocol: response.data,
        })
    }
@@ -123,6 +123,7 @@ mod fake {

    use super::{PendingAction, RunState, RunStateEnv, ServiceVersionReply};
    use crate::core::manager::RunningMode;
+    use tristr::alias::String;

    /// A fail-closed scripted machine that records outbound effects.
    #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ mod fake {
            self.with_evidence(true).always_replying(Ok(ServiceVersionReply {
                core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
                code: 0,
-                message: "ok".to_owned(),
+                message: "ok".into(),
                protocol: Some(ProtocolInfo::current()),
            }))
        }
@@ -173,7 +174,7 @@ mod fake {
            self.with_evidence(true).always_replying(Ok(ServiceVersionReply {
                core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
                code: 0,
-                message: "ok".to_owned(),
+                message: "ok".into(),
                protocol: None,
            }))
        }
@@ -181,12 +182,12 @@ mod fake {
        #[must_use]
        pub fn service_unreachable(self) -> Self {
            self.with_evidence(true)
-                .always_replying(Err("ipc transport refused".to_owned()))
+                .always_replying(Err("ipc transport refused".into()))
        }

        #[must_use]
        pub fn evidence_unavailable(mut self) -> Self {
-            self.evidence = Err("registry probe failed".to_owned());
+            self.evidence = Err("registry probe failed".into());
            self
        }

@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@ mod fake {

        #[must_use]
        pub fn privileged_operations_fail(self, reason: &str) -> Self {
-            *self.privileged_outcome.lock() = Err(reason.to_owned());
+            *self.privileged_outcome.lock() = Err(reason.into());
            self
        }

@@ -256,7 +257,7 @@ mod fake {
                replies
                    .first()
                    .cloned()
-                    .unwrap_or_else(|| Err("no service configured".to_owned()))
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| Err("no service configured".into()))
            };
            reply.map_err(|error| anyhow!(error))
        }
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 //! Core lifecycle remains in `CoreManager`.

 use crate::core::manager::RunningMode;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum ServiceHealth {
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ impl<E: RunStateEnv> RunStateStore<E> {
                    Type::Service,
                    "failed to inspect trusted service evidence: {error:#}"
                );
-                return ServiceHealth::Unavailable(format!("service detection failed: {error:#}"));
+                return ServiceHealth::Unavailable(format!("service detection failed: {error:#}").into());
            }
        };

@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ impl<E: RunStateEnv> RunStateStore<E> {
    }

    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
-    pub fn allow_sidecar_after_service_refusal(&self, reason: String) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn allow_sidecar_after_service_refusal(&self, reason: tristr::alias::String) -> Result<()> {
        let mut state = self.service.lock();
        if self.operation_running.load(Ordering::Acquire) || state.service.pending.is_some() {
            bail!("cannot fall back while a service operation is pending");
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ mod tests {
        ServiceVersionReply {
            core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
            code: 0,
-            message: "ok".to_owned(),
+            message: "ok".into(),
            protocol: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::ProtocolInfo::current()),
        }
    }
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ mod tests {
        for health in [
            ServiceHealth::NotInstalled,
            ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch,
-            ServiceHealth::Unavailable("boom".to_owned()),
+            ServiceHealth::Unavailable("boom".into()),
        ] {
            let store = with_env(FakeEnv::new());
            store.observe(health.clone());
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ mod tests {

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn awaiting_readiness_retries_a_silent_service_then_accepts_its_reply() {
-        let store = with_env(FakeEnv::new().replying(vec![Err("ipc path not ready".to_owned()), Ok(ready_reply())]));
+        let store = with_env(FakeEnv::new().replying(vec![Err("ipc path not ready".into()), Ok(ready_reply())]));

        let state = store
            .await_ready(2, Duration::ZERO)
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use clash_verge_service_ipc::{
 };

 use super::health::ServiceHealth;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 /// What the Service replied to a protocol-version query.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ pub fn classify_service_version_reply(reply: &ServiceVersionReply) -> ServiceVer
        return match &reply.core {
            Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready) => ServiceVersionCheck::Ready,
            Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Rejected { reason }) => {
-                ServiceVersionCheck::CoreUnavailable(format!("{CORE_REJECTED_PREFIX}{reason}"))
+                ServiceVersionCheck::CoreUnavailable(format!("{CORE_REJECTED_PREFIX}{reason}").into())
            }
            _ => ServiceVersionCheck::CoreUnavailable(
                "the selected approved core is missing or does not match; reinstall the service to repair it".into(),
@@ -77,9 +78,12 @@ pub fn classify_service_version_reply(reply: &ServiceVersionReply) -> ServiceVer
            reply.code, reply.message, client.epoch
        )
    };
-    ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(format!(
-        "Service helper version or protocol mismatch: {detail}. Choose Reinstall to uninstall the existing service and install the required version"
-    ))
+    ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(
+        format!(
+            "Service helper version or protocol mismatch: {detail}. Choose Reinstall to uninstall the existing service and install the required version"
+        )
+        .into(),
+    )
 }

 /// Classify a version reply into the probe outcome used by [`classify_service_health`].
@@ -104,7 +108,7 @@ pub fn classify_service_health(
    match current {
        CurrentServiceProbe::Ready => ServiceHealth::Ready,
        CurrentServiceProbe::VersionMismatch => ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch,
-        CurrentServiceProbe::Unavailable => ServiceHealth::Unavailable(unavailable_reason.to_owned()),
+        CurrentServiceProbe::Unavailable => ServiceHealth::Unavailable(unavailable_reason.into()),
        CurrentServiceProbe::Missing if has_install_marker => ServiceHealth::VersionMismatch,
        CurrentServiceProbe::Missing => ServiceHealth::NotInstalled,
    }
@@ -119,7 +123,7 @@ mod tests {
        ServiceVersionReply {
            core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
            code: 0,
-            message: "ok".to_owned(),
+            message: "ok".into(),
            protocol: Some(ProtocolInfo::current()),
        }
    }
@@ -154,7 +158,7 @@ mod tests {
        let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
            core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
            code: 0,
-            message: "ok".to_owned(),
+            message: "ok".into(),
            protocol: None,
        };
        let ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(detail) = classify_service_version_reply(&reply) else {
@@ -172,7 +176,7 @@ mod tests {
        let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
            core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
            code: 7,
-            message: "nope".to_owned(),
+            message: "nope".into(),
            protocol: Some(ProtocolInfo::current()),
        };
        let ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(detail) = classify_service_version_reply(&reply) else {
@@ -188,7 +192,7 @@ mod tests {
        let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
            core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
            code: 0,
-            message: "ok".to_owned(),
+            message: "ok".into(),
            protocol: Some(info),
        };
        assert!(matches!(
@@ -209,7 +213,7 @@ mod tests {
        let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
            core: Some(clash_verge_service_ipc::CoreAvailability::Ready),
            code: 0,
-            message: "ok".to_owned(),
+            message: "ok".into(),
            protocol: Some(info),
        };
        assert!(matches!(
@@ -228,7 +232,7 @@ mod tests {
                let reply = ServiceVersionReply {
                    core: None,
                    code,
-                    message: "unsupported command".to_owned(),
+                    message: "unsupported command".into(),
                    protocol: protocol.clone(),
                };
                let ServiceVersionCheck::NeedsReinstall(detail) = classify_service_version_reply(&reply) else {
@@ -250,7 +254,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn an_unreachable_service_keeps_the_reason() {
        assert_eq!(
            classify_service_health(CurrentServiceProbe::Unavailable, true, "socket refused"),
-            ServiceHealth::Unavailable("socket refused".to_owned())
+            ServiceHealth::Unavailable("socket refused".into())
        );
    }

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
 use sha2::{Digest as _, Sha256};
 use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashSet};
 use std::path::{Component, Path, PathBuf};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub(crate) const GEO_ASSETS: &[&str] = &[
    "Country.mmdb",
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ struct ProviderPathOwners {
 pub(crate) fn resolve_provider_path_conflicts(config: &mut Mapping, config_root: &Path) -> Result<()> {
    let config_root = std::fs::canonicalize(config_root)?;
    let mut paths = BTreeMap::<String, ProviderPathOwners>::new();
-    let mut reserved: HashSet<String> = GEO_ASSETS.iter().map(|name| (*name).to_owned()).collect();
+    let mut reserved: HashSet<String> = GEO_ASSETS.iter().map(|name| (*name).into()).collect();
    for section in ["proxy-providers", "rule-providers"] {
        let Some(providers) = config.get(section).and_then(Value::as_mapping) else {
            continue;
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ pub(crate) fn resolve_provider_path_conflicts(config: &mut Mapping, config_root:
            match (is_remote, provider.get("url").and_then(Value::as_str)) {
                (true, Some(url)) => owners
                    .remote
-                    .entry(url.to_owned())
+                    .entry(url.into())
                    .or_default()
                    .push((section, name.clone())),
                _ => owners.local = true,
@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@ pub(crate) fn resolve_provider_path_conflicts(config: &mut Mapping, config_root:
        for (url, providers) in owners.remote {
            let replacement = allocate_provider_destination(&destination, &url, &mut reserved);
            for (section, name) in providers {
-                config[section][&name]["path"] = Value::String(replacement.clone());
+                config[section][&name]["path"] = Value::String(replacement.clone().into());
                logging!(
                    warn,
                    Type::Config,
@@ -131,15 +132,16 @@ fn allocate_provider_destination(destination: &str, url: &str, reserved: &mut Ha
    let mut suffix = String::new();
    let mut sequence = 0;
    loop {
-        let candidate = path
+        let candidate: String = path
            .with_file_name(format!("cvr-{digest}{suffix}{extension}"))
            .to_string_lossy()
-            .replace('\\', "/");
+            .replace('\\', "/")
+            .into();
        if reserved.insert(candidate.clone()) {
            return candidate;
        }
        sequence += 1;
-        suffix = format!("-{sequence}");
+        suffix = format!("-{sequence}").into();
    }
 }

@@ -167,7 +169,7 @@ fn collect_runtime_parts(mut config: Value, config_root: &Path) -> Result<Runtim
    )?;
    for filename in GEO_ASSETS {
        let source = config_root.join(filename);
-        if source.is_file() && destinations.insert((*filename).to_string()) {
+        if source.is_file() && destinations.insert((*filename).into()) {
            assets.push(RuntimeAsset {
                source: std::fs::canonicalize(&source)?.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
                destination: (*filename).to_string(),
@@ -228,9 +230,9 @@ fn collect_provider_assets(
                        }
                        remote_providers.push(RemoteProviderRef {
                            section,
-                            name: name.as_str().unwrap_or_default().to_owned(),
+                            name: name.as_str().unwrap_or_default().into(),
                            provider: RemoteProvider {
-                                destination: destination.clone(),
+                                destination: destination.clone().into(),
                                url,
                            },
                        });
@@ -259,13 +261,13 @@ fn collect_provider_assets(
                if destinations.insert(destination.clone()) {
                    assets.push(RuntimeAsset {
                        source: source.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
-                        destination: destination.clone(),
+                        destination: destination.clone().into(),
                    });
                }
                destination
            }
        };
-        provider.insert(Value::String("path".to_owned()), Value::String(destination));
+        provider.insert(Value::String("path".to_owned()), Value::String(destination.into()));
    }
    Ok(())
 }
@@ -339,7 +341,7 @@ fn normalized_destination(relative: &Path) -> Result<String> {
    if destination.as_os_str().is_empty() {
        bail!("local runtime provider destination is empty");
    }
-    Ok(destination.to_string_lossy().replace('\\', "/"))
+    Ok(destination.to_string_lossy().replace('\\', "/").into())
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -385,12 +387,12 @@ mod tests {
        for declared in readback {
            assert!(bundle.remote_providers.contains(&declared.provider));
            assert_eq!(
-                config[declared.section][&declared.name]["path"],
+                config[declared.section][declared.name.as_str()]["path"],
                declared.provider.destination
            );
            assert_eq!(
-                config[declared.section][&declared.name]["url"],
-                original[declared.section][&declared.name]["url"]
+                config[declared.section][declared.name.as_str()]["url"],
+                original[declared.section][declared.name.as_str()]["url"]
            );
        }
        std::fs::remove_dir_all(root)?;
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ use std::{
    sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU64, Ordering},
    time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH},
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 static OWNER_MONITOR_GENERATION: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(0);
 static ACTIVE_SERVICE_SESSION: Mutex<Option<ActiveServiceSession>> = Mutex::new(None);
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ pub(crate) fn is_not_auto_started(reason: &str) -> bool {

 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 pub(crate) fn notify_service_fallback(reason: &str) {
-    *PENDING_SERVICE_FALLBACK_NOTICE.lock() = Some(reason.to_owned());
+    *PENDING_SERVICE_FALLBACK_NOTICE.lock() = Some(reason.into());
    Handle::notice(NoticeStatus::ServiceCoreSidecarFallback, "");
 }

@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ fn app_data_owner_command(credentials: &OwnerCredentials) -> Option<String> {
        return None;
    };
    let path = credentials.app_data_dir.replace('\'', r"'\''");
-    Some(format!("sudo chown -R {uid}:{gid} '{path}'"))
+    Some(format!("sudo chown -R {uid}:{gid} '{path}'").into())
 }

 /// Capabilities of the service session that owns the running Core.
@@ -243,22 +244,24 @@ fn macos_service_install_markers() -> Vec<String> {
        format!(
            "/Library/LaunchDaemons/{}.plist",
            clash_verge_service_ipc::MACOS_SERVICE_ID
-        ),
+        )
+        .into(),
        format!(
            "/Library/PrivilegedHelperTools/{}.bundle",
            clash_verge_service_ipc::MACOS_SERVICE_ID
-        ),
+        )
+        .into(),
        #[cfg(not(feature = "verge-dev"))]
-        "/Library/LaunchDaemons/io.github.clashverge.helper.plist".to_owned(),
+        "/Library/LaunchDaemons/io.github.clashverge.helper.plist".into(),
        #[cfg(not(feature = "verge-dev"))]
-        "/Library/PrivilegedHelperTools/io.github.clashverge.helper".to_owned(),
+        "/Library/PrivilegedHelperTools/io.github.clashverge.helper".into(),
    ]
 }

 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 fn macos_service_install_marker_exists() -> std::io::Result<bool> {
    for marker in macos_service_install_markers() {
-        if path_entry_exists_without_follow(Path::new(&marker))? {
+        if path_entry_exists_without_follow(Path::new(marker.as_str()))? {
            return Ok(true);
        }
    }
@@ -335,7 +338,8 @@ pub(crate) fn trusted_service_evidence() -> Result<bool> {
            output.status
        );
    }
-    Ok(String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim() != "not-found")
+    // from_utf8_lossy exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    Ok(std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim() != "not-found")
 }

 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
@@ -564,12 +568,12 @@ fn service_core_path(clash_core: &str, bin_ext: &str) -> Result<PathBuf> {

 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 fn escape_osascript_double_quoted_string(value: &str) -> String {
-    value.replace('\\', "\\\\").replace('"', "\\\"")
+    value.replace('\\', "\\\\").replace('"', "\\\"").into()
 }

 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 fn shell_single_quote(value: &str) -> String {
-    format!("'{}'", value.replace('\'', r"'\''"))
+    format!("'{}'", value.replace('\'', r"'\''")).into()
 }

 fn packaged_service_tool_path(file_name: &str, packaged_path: impl FnOnce() -> Result<PathBuf>) -> Result<PathBuf> {
@@ -593,76 +597,55 @@ fn packaged_service_tool_path(file_name: &str, packaged_path: impl FnOnce() -> R
 }

 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
-pub(super) fn run_maybe_elevated(program: &Path, hide_window: bool) -> Result<std::process::ExitStatus> {
+fn uninstall_service() -> Result<()> {
+    logging!(info, Type::Service, "uninstall service");
+
    use deelevate::{PrivilegeLevel, Token};
    use runas::Command as RunasCommand;
    use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt as _;

-    let token = Token::with_current_process()?;
-    let level = token.privilege_level()?;
-    let status = match level {
-        PrivilegeLevel::NotPrivileged => {
-            let mut command = RunasCommand::new(program);
-            if hide_window {
-                command.show(false);
-            }
-            command.status()?
-        }
-        _ => {
-            let mut command = StdCommand::new(program);
-            if hide_window {
-                // 0x08000000 is CREATE_NO_WINDOW, the direct counterpart of runas's show(false).
-                command.creation_flags(0x08000000);
-            }
-            command.status()?
-        }
-    };
-    Ok(status)
-}
+    let uninstall_path = packaged_service_tool_path("clash-verge-service-uninstall.exe", || {
+        Ok(dirs::service_path()?.with_file_name("clash-verge-service-uninstall.exe"))
+    })?;

-fn uninstaller_tool_path(file_name: &str, packaged_path: impl FnOnce() -> Result<PathBuf>) -> Result<PathBuf> {
-    let uninstall_path = packaged_service_tool_path(file_name, packaged_path)?;
    if !uninstall_path.exists() {
        bail!(format!("uninstaller not found: {uninstall_path:?}"));
    }
-    Ok(uninstall_path)
-}

-fn ensure_uninstall_success(status: &std::process::ExitStatus) -> Result<()> {
+    let token = Token::with_current_process()?;
+    let level = token.privilege_level()?;
+    let status = match level {
+        PrivilegeLevel::NotPrivileged => RunasCommand::new(uninstall_path).show(false).status()?,
+        _ => StdCommand::new(uninstall_path).creation_flags(0x08000000).status()?,
+    };
+
    if !status.success() {
        bail!(
            "failed to uninstall service with status {}",
            status.code().unwrap_or(-1)
        );
    }
+
    Ok(())
 }

-#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
-fn uninstall_service() -> Result<()> {
-    logging!(info, Type::Service, "uninstall service");
-
-    let uninstall_path = uninstaller_tool_path("clash-verge-service-uninstall.exe", || {
-        Ok(dirs::service_path()?.with_file_name("clash-verge-service-uninstall.exe"))
-    })?;
-
-    let status = run_maybe_elevated(&uninstall_path, true)?;
-    ensure_uninstall_success(&status)
-}
-
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 fn uninstall_service() -> Result<()> {
    logging!(info, Type::Service, "uninstall service");

-    let uninstall_path = uninstaller_tool_path("clash-verge-service-uninstall", || {
+    let uninstall_path = packaged_service_tool_path("clash-verge-service-uninstall", || {
        Ok(tauri::utils::platform::current_exe()?.with_file_name("clash-verge-service-uninstall"))
    })?;

+    if !uninstall_path.exists() {
+        bail!(format!("uninstaller not found: {uninstall_path:?}"));
+    }
+
    let elevator = crate::utils::help::linux_elevator();
    let status = if linux_running_as_root() {
        StdCommand::new(&uninstall_path).status()?
    } else {
-        let result = StdCommand::new(&elevator)
+        let result = StdCommand::new(elevator.as_str())
            .arg("--disable-internal-agent")
            .arg(&uninstall_path)
            .status()?;
@@ -687,7 +670,14 @@ fn uninstall_service() -> Result<()> {
        status.code().unwrap_or(-1)
    );

-    ensure_uninstall_success(&status)
+    if !status.success() {
+        bail!(
+            "failed to uninstall service with status {}",
+            status.code().unwrap_or(-1)
+        );
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
 }

 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
@@ -702,12 +692,16 @@ fn linux_running_as_root() -> bool {
 fn uninstall_service() -> Result<()> {
    logging!(info, Type::Service, "uninstall service");

-    let uninstall_path = uninstaller_tool_path("clash-verge-service-uninstall", || {
+    let uninstall_path = packaged_service_tool_path("clash-verge-service-uninstall", || {
        Ok(dirs::service_path()?.with_file_name("clash-verge-service-uninstall"))
    })?;

+    if !uninstall_path.exists() {
+        bail!(format!("uninstaller not found: {uninstall_path:?}"));
+    }
+
    let uninstall_path = macos_service_tool_path(&uninstall_path)?;
-    let uninstall_shell: String = uninstall_path.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let uninstall_shell: String = uninstall_path.to_string_lossy().into();

    // clash_verge_i18n::sync_locale(Config::verge().await.latest_arc().language.as_deref());

@@ -721,7 +715,14 @@ fn uninstall_service() -> Result<()> {

    let status = StdCommand::new("osascript").args(vec!["-e", &command]).status()?;

-    ensure_uninstall_success(&status)
+    if !status.success() {
+        bail!(
+            "failed to uninstall service with status {}",
+            status.code().unwrap_or(-1)
+        );
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
 }

 fn install_service() -> Result<()> {
@@ -846,7 +847,7 @@ pub(super) async fn stage_runtime_by_service(config_file: &Path) -> Result<Stage
    if response.code > 0 {
        return Ok(StageRequest::Refused {
            code: response.code,
-            message: response.message,
+            message: response.message.into(),
        });
    }
    response
@@ -882,7 +883,7 @@ fn record_service_start_refusal<E: RunStateEnv>(
    if store.state().mode == crate::core::manager::RunningMode::NotRunning
        && refusal.code != ServiceErrorCode::ProxyClearFailed as u16
    {
-        store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(refusal.to_string()));
+        store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(refusal.to_string().into()));
    }
    refusal.into()
 }
@@ -890,7 +891,7 @@ fn record_service_start_refusal<E: RunStateEnv>(
 /// Sidecar stays blocked until a reinstall replaces the residual helper, so ask for repair.
 pub(super) fn record_residual_service(error: &anyhow::Error) {
    if let Some(residual) = error.downcast_ref::<clash_verge_service_ipc::execution::ResidualServiceError>() {
-        RUN_STATE.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(residual.to_string()));
+        RUN_STATE.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(residual.to_string().into()));
    }
 }

@@ -904,7 +905,7 @@ pub(super) async fn start_with_existing_service(config_file: &Path) -> Result<()
    let proposed_session_token = generate_service_session_token()?;
    let request = StartClashRequest {
        runtime,
-        proposed_session_token: proposed_session_token.clone(),
+        proposed_session_token: proposed_session_token.clone().into(),
        macos_proxy: None,
    };

@@ -942,8 +943,8 @@ pub(super) async fn start_with_existing_service(config_file: &Path) -> Result<()
            &RUN_STATE,
            ServiceStartRefusal {
                code: response.code,
-                core_path: request.runtime.core_path,
-                message: err_msg,
+                core_path: request.runtime.core_path.into(),
+                message: err_msg.into(),
            },
        ));
    }
@@ -955,7 +956,7 @@ pub(super) async fn start_with_existing_service(config_file: &Path) -> Result<()
    *ACTIVE_SERVICE_SESSION.lock() = Some(ActiveServiceSession {
        proof: OwnerSessionProof {
            generation: result.session.generation,
-            token: proposed_session_token,
+            token: proposed_session_token.into(),
        },
        supports_runtime_staging: capabilities.runtime_staging,
        supports_runtime_file_read: capabilities.runtime_file_read,
@@ -1015,7 +1016,10 @@ pub(super) async fn get_clash_logs_by_service() -> Result<Vec<String>> {
        bail!(err_msg);
    }

-    Ok(response.data.unwrap_or_default())
+    Ok(response
+        .data
+        .map(|logs| logs.into_iter().map(Into::into).collect())
+        .unwrap_or_default())
 }

 pub(crate) async fn get_clash_log_snapshot_by_service() -> Result<String> {
@@ -1033,7 +1037,8 @@ pub(crate) async fn get_clash_log_snapshot_by_service() -> Result<String> {
    }
    let encoded = response.data.context("服务未返回核心日志快照")?;
    let content = decode_hex(&encoded).context("服务返回了无效的核心日志快照")?;
-    Ok(String::from_utf8_lossy_owned(content))
+    // from_utf8_lossy_owned exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    Ok(std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy_owned(content).into())
 }

 fn decode_hex(encoded: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
@@ -1347,7 +1352,7 @@ async fn read_chunk(
    }
    Ok(Some(match response.data.context("服务未返回运行时文件")? {
        RuntimeFileOutcome::Absent => (None, 0, None),
-        RuntimeFileOutcome::Chunk { hex, len, mtime_ns } => (Some(hex), len, mtime_ns),
+        RuntimeFileOutcome::Chunk { hex, len, mtime_ns } => (Some(hex.into()), len, mtime_ns),
    }))
 }

@@ -1359,11 +1364,11 @@ async fn provider_load_times() -> Result<ProviderLoadTimes> {
    let proxies = proxies.map_err(|error| anyhow!("failed to query proxy providers: {error}"))?;
    let mut loaded = ProviderLoadTimes::new();
    for (name, provider) in rules.providers {
-        loaded.insert(("rule-providers", name), epoch_nanos(&provider.updated_at));
+        loaded.insert(("rule-providers", name.into()), epoch_nanos(&provider.updated_at));
    }
    for (name, provider) in proxies.providers {
        loaded.insert(
-            ("proxy-providers", name),
+            ("proxy-providers", name.into()),
            provider.updated_at.as_deref().and_then(epoch_nanos),
        );
    }
@@ -1589,7 +1594,7 @@ const fn owner_recovery_policy(reason: OwnerRecoveryReason, is_macos: bool) -> O
 fn mark_service_unavailable_after_owner_loss<E: RunStateEnv>(store: &RunStateStore<E>, reason: OwnerRecoveryReason) {
    if matches!(reason, OwnerRecoveryReason::TransportFailure) {
        store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(
-            "service control IPC unavailable after sustained transport failure".to_owned(),
+            "service control IPC unavailable after sustained transport failure".into(),
        ));
    }
 }
@@ -1850,7 +1855,7 @@ async fn wait_for_service_ipc() -> Result<()> {
        }
        Err(ReadyWaitError::Unreachable(error)) => {
            tracing::Span::current().record("outcome", "unreachable");
-            RUN_STATE.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(format!("{CONTEXT}: {error:#}")));
+            RUN_STATE.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable(format!("{CONTEXT}: {error:#}").into()));
            Err(error).context(CONTEXT)
        }
        Err(ReadyWaitError::Rejected(error)) => {
@@ -2665,7 +2670,7 @@ mod tests {
        let outcome = super::run_action_restoring_sidecar(&store, was_allowed, async {
            store.perform(PendingAction::Install).await?;
            // Simulate `wait_for_service_ipc` recording health before it fails.
-            store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable("service never answered".to_owned()));
+            store.observe(ServiceHealth::Unavailable("service never answered".into()));
            bail!("service IPC did not become available")
        })
        .await;
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ use anyhow::Result;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use scopeguard::defer;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
    sync::{
        Arc,
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 use sysproxy::{Autoproxy, GuardMonitor, GuardType, Sysproxy};
 use tokio::sync::Mutex as TokioMutex;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 enum ProxyApplyStep {
@@ -241,19 +241,20 @@ async fn current_os_proxy_state(sys: Sysproxy, auto: Autoproxy) -> OsProxyState
 }

 pub(crate) struct Sysopt {
-    // Owns the proxy target pair; every reader and writer goes through this lock.
-    proxy_state_lock: TokioMutex<(Sysproxy, Autoproxy)>,
+    update_lock: TokioMutex<()>,
    guard_operation_lock: TokioMutex<()>,
    reset_sysproxy: AtomicBool,
+    inner_proxy: Arc<RwLock<(Sysproxy, Autoproxy)>>,
    guard: Arc<RwLock<GuardMonitor>>,
 }

 impl Default for Sysopt {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
-            proxy_state_lock: TokioMutex::new((Sysproxy::default(), Autoproxy::default())),
+            update_lock: TokioMutex::new(()),
            guard_operation_lock: TokioMutex::new(()),
            reset_sysproxy: AtomicBool::new(false),
+            inner_proxy: Arc::new(RwLock::new((Sysproxy::default(), Autoproxy::default()))),
            guard: Arc::new(RwLock::new(GuardMonitor::new(GuardType::None, Duration::from_secs(30)))),
        }
    }
@@ -268,9 +269,10 @@ static DEFAULT_BYPASS: &str = "localhost,127.0.0.1,192.168.0.0/16,10.0.0.0/8,172
 #[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "macos"))]
 static BYPASS_SEPARATOR: &str = ",";
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
-static DEFAULT_BYPASS: &str = crate::constants::sysproxy::MACOS_DEFAULT_BYPASS;
+static DEFAULT_BYPASS: &str =
+    "127.0.0.1,192.168.0.0/16,10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,localhost,*.local,*.crashlytics.com,<local>";

-pub(super) fn format_bypass(use_default: bool, custom_bypass: &str) -> String {
+fn format_bypass(use_default: bool, custom_bypass: &str) -> String {
    if custom_bypass.is_empty() {
        DEFAULT_BYPASS.into()
    } else if use_default {
@@ -359,7 +361,7 @@ impl Sysopt {
            }
        }
        while self.access_guard().read().get_state().is_pendding() {
-            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
+            tokio::task::yield_now().await;
        }
        // `start()` false may also mean a guard was already running.
        !self.access_guard().read().get_state().is_stopped()
@@ -407,21 +409,18 @@ impl Sysopt {
    /// configuration instead of a partially-applied one (e.g. SOCKS already
    /// disabled but HTTP still enabled mid-transition).
    pub(crate) async fn wait_idle(&self) {
-        let _ = self.proxy_state_lock.lock().await;
+        let _ = self.update_lock.lock().await;
    }

    /// init the sysproxy
-    #[allow(
-        clippy::significant_drop_tightening,
-        reason = "the proxy state lock must stay held until the OS write finishes; wait_idle relies on it"
-    )]
    pub(super) async fn update_sysproxy(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let mut proxy_state = self.proxy_state_lock.lock().await;
+        let _lock = self.update_lock.lock().await;
        let verge = Config::verge().await.latest_arc();
        // Configured, not live: this runs while the Core is being started or restarted, and
        // asking a Core that is not up yet would only fall back here anyway.
        let port = MixedPort::desired().await;
        let pac_port = server::embedded_server_port()?;
+        // 先 await, 避免持有锁导致的 Send 问题
        let bypass = get_bypass().await;

        let (sys_enable, pac_enable, proxy_host, proxy_guard) = (
@@ -432,7 +431,7 @@ impl Sysopt {
        );

        let (sys, auto, guard_type) = {
-            let (sys, auto) = &mut *proxy_state;
+            let (sys, auto) = &mut *self.inner_proxy.write();
            sys.host = proxy_host.into();
            sys.port = port;
            sys.bypass = bypass.into();
@@ -529,10 +528,6 @@ impl Sysopt {
    }

    /// reset the sysproxy
-    #[allow(
-        clippy::significant_drop_tightening,
-        reason = "the proxy state lock must stay held until the disable finishes; wait_idle relies on it"
-    )]
    pub(super) async fn reset_sysproxy(&self) -> Result<()> {
        if self
            .reset_sysproxy
@@ -544,13 +539,13 @@ impl Sysopt {
        defer! {
            self.reset_sysproxy.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
        }
-        let mut proxy_state = self.proxy_state_lock.lock().await;
+        let _lock = self.update_lock.lock().await;
        let _guard_operation = self.guard_operation_lock.lock().await;
        let drained = self.stop_proxy_guard_locked().await;

        // 直接关闭所有代理
        let (sys, auto) = {
-            let (sys, auto) = &mut *proxy_state;
+            let (sys, auto) = &mut *self.inner_proxy.write();
            sys.enable = false;
            auto.enable = false;
            (sys.clone(), auto.clone())
@@ -682,8 +677,8 @@ mod tests {
        (calls.into_inner(), result.is_ok())
    }

-    fn failure_text(result: anyhow::Result<()>) -> std::string::String {
-        result.map_or_else(|error| format!("{error:#}"), |()| "no failure".to_owned())
+    fn failure_text(result: anyhow::Result<()>) -> String {
+        result.map_or_else(|error| format!("{error:#}").into(), |()| String::from("no failure"))
    }

    #[test]
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ use crate::{
 use anyhow::Result;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
 use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
    collections::HashMap,
    sync::{
@@ -23,6 +22,7 @@ use tokio::{
 };
 use tokio_stream::StreamExt as _;
 use tokio_util::time::{DelayQueue, delay_queue::Key};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 enum TimerCommand {
    Apply(HashMap<String, TaskSchedule>),
@@ -502,7 +502,6 @@ mod tests {
    use super::{TaskSchedule, Timer, run_timer_profile_update_transition};
    use crate::config::{PrfItem, PrfOption};
    use parking_lot::Mutex;
-    use smartstring::alias::String;
    use std::collections::HashMap;
    use std::{
        sync::{
@@ -515,6 +514,7 @@ mod tests {
    use tokio::sync::Barrier;
    use tokio_stream::StreamExt as _;
    use tokio_util::time::DelayQueue;
+    use tristr::alias::String;

    struct CancellationProbe {
        cancelled: Arc<AtomicBool>,
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ use tokio::fs;

 use super::handle;
 use anyhow::Result;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::time::Duration;
@@ -27,6 +26,7 @@ use tauri::{
    AppHandle, Wry,
    menu::{CheckMenuItem, IsMenuItem, MenuEvent, MenuItem, PredefinedMenuItem, Submenu},
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 mod menu_def;
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
@@ -636,8 +636,7 @@ async fn create_tray_menu(
        .tray_proxy_groups_display_mode
        .as_deref()
        .unwrap_or("default");
-    let include_proxy_groups =
-        options.include_proxy_groups && verge_settings.tray_proxy_groups_display_mode.as_deref() != Some("disable");
+    let include_proxy_groups = options.include_proxy_groups && tray_proxy_groups_display_mode != "disable";

    let proxy_group_order_map = runtime_proxy_groups_order;

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 use tauri_plugin_updater::{Update, UpdaterExt as _};
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub struct SilentUpdater {
    update_ready: AtomicBool,
@@ -55,8 +56,8 @@ impl SilentUpdater {
            .with_context(|| format!("failed to write update cache {}", bin_path.display()))?;

        let meta = UpdateCacheMeta {
-            version: version.to_string(),
-            downloaded_at: Utc::now().to_rfc3339(),
+            version: version.into(),
+            downloaded_at: Utc::now().to_rfc3339().into(),
        };
        let meta_path = cache_dir.join("pending_update.json");
        std::fs::write(&meta_path, serde_json::to_string_pretty(&meta)?)
@@ -133,9 +134,8 @@ fn verify_signature(app_handle: &tauri::AppHandle, bytes: &[u8], signature: &str
    use base64::Engine as _;

    let decode = |value: &str| -> Result<String> {
-        Ok(String::from_utf8(
-            base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.decode(value)?,
-        )?)
+        // from_utf8 exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+        Ok(std::string::String::from_utf8(base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.decode(value)?)?.into())
    };
    let config: tauri_plugin_updater::Config = serde_json::from_value(
        app_handle
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 use scopeguard::defer;
 use serde::Serialize;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{
    fmt,
    hash::{DefaultHasher, Hash as _, Hasher as _},
@@ -10,6 +9,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 use tauri_plugin_shell::ShellExt as _;
 use tokio::fs;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 use crate::config::Config;
 use crate::core::handle;
@@ -114,14 +114,8 @@ impl fmt::Display for ValidationSkipReason {
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ValidationOutcome {
    Valid,
-    Invalid {
-        kind: ValidationErrorKind,
-        #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
-        message: String,
-    },
-    Skipped {
-        reason: ValidationSkipReason,
-    },
+    Invalid { kind: ValidationErrorKind, message: String },
+    Skipped { reason: ValidationSkipReason },
    Busy,
 }

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 #![cfg(target_os = "windows")]

-use crate::{core::service, utils::dirs};
+use crate::utils::dirs;
 use anyhow::{Result, bail};
+use deelevate::{PrivilegeLevel, Token};
+use runas::Command as RunasCommand;
+use std::process::Command as StdCommand;

 pub fn invoke_uwptools() -> Result<()> {
    let resource_dir = dirs::app_resources_dir()?;
@@ -11,7 +14,13 @@ pub fn invoke_uwptools() -> Result<()> {
        bail!("enableLoopback exe not found");
    }

-    service::run_maybe_elevated(&tool_path, false)?;
+    let token = Token::with_current_process()?;
+    let level = token.privilege_level()?;
+
+    match level {
+        PrivilegeLevel::NotPrivileged => RunasCommand::new(tool_path).status()?,
+        _ => StdCommand::new(tool_path).status()?,
+    };

    Ok(())
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// This function is exported for use by the Clash core
+// eslint-disable-next-line unused-imports/no-unused-vars
+function main(config, _name) {
+  if (config.mode === 'script') {
+    config.mode = 'rule'
+  }
+  return config
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// This function is exported for use by the Clash core
+// eslint-disable-next-line unused-imports/no-unused-vars
+function main(config, _name) {
+  if (Array.isArray(config.proxies)) {
+    config.proxies.forEach((p, i) => {
+      if (p.type === 'hysteria' && typeof p.alpn === 'string') {
+        config.proxies[i].alpn = [p.alpn]
+      }
+    })
+  }
+  return config
+}
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ use crate::{
    utils::{dirs, help},
 };
 use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tokio::fs;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ChainItem {
@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ pub enum ChainType {
    Groups(SeqMap),
 }

+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum ChainSupport {
+    ClashMeta,
+    ClashMetaAlpha,
+}
+
 // Helper trait to allow async conversion
 pub trait AsyncChainItemFrom {
    async fn from_async(item: &PrfItem) -> Option<ChainItem>;
@@ -47,16 +53,70 @@ impl AsyncChainItemFrom for Option<ChainItem> {
                uid,
                data: ChainType::Merge(help::read_mapping(&path).await.ok()?),
            }),
-            "rules" | "proxies" | "groups" => {
+            "rules" => {
                let seq_map = help::read_yaml::<SeqMap>(&path).await.ok()?;
-                let data = match itype {
-                    "rules" => ChainType::Rules(seq_map),
-                    "proxies" => ChainType::Proxies(seq_map),
-                    _ => ChainType::Groups(seq_map),
-                };
-                Some(ChainItem { uid, data })
+                Some(ChainItem {
+                    uid,
+                    data: ChainType::Rules(seq_map),
+                })
+            }
+            "proxies" => {
+                let seq_map = help::read_yaml::<SeqMap>(&path).await.ok()?;
+                Some(ChainItem {
+                    uid,
+                    data: ChainType::Proxies(seq_map),
+                })
+            }
+            "groups" => {
+                let seq_map = help::read_yaml::<SeqMap>(&path).await.ok()?;
+                Some(ChainItem {
+                    uid,
+                    data: ChainType::Groups(seq_map),
+                })
            }
            _ => None,
        }
    }
 }
+impl ChainItem {
+    /// 内建支持一些脚本
+    pub fn builtin() -> Vec<(ChainSupport, Self)> {
+        // meta 的一些处理
+        let meta_guard = Self::to_script("verge_meta_guard", include_str!("./builtin/meta_guard.js"));
+
+        // meta 1.13.2 alpn string 转 数组
+        let hy_alpn = Self::to_script("verge_hy_alpn", include_str!("./builtin/meta_hy_alpn.js"));
+
+        // meta 的一些处理
+        let meta_guard_alpha = Self::to_script("verge_meta_guard", include_str!("./builtin/meta_guard.js"));
+
+        // meta 1.13.2 alpn string 转 数组
+        let hy_alpn_alpha = Self::to_script("verge_hy_alpn", include_str!("./builtin/meta_hy_alpn.js"));
+
+        vec![
+            (ChainSupport::ClashMeta, hy_alpn),
+            (ChainSupport::ClashMeta, meta_guard),
+            (ChainSupport::ClashMetaAlpha, hy_alpn_alpha),
+            (ChainSupport::ClashMetaAlpha, meta_guard_alpha),
+        ]
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_script<U: Into<String>, D: Into<String>>(uid: U, data: D) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            uid: uid.into(),
+            data: ChainType::Script(data.into()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl ChainSupport {
+    pub fn is_support(&self, core: Option<&String>) -> bool {
+        match core {
+            Some(core) => matches!(
+                (self, core.as_str()),
+                (Self::ClashMeta, "verge-mihomo") | (Self::ClashMetaAlpha, "verge-mihomo-alpha")
+            ),
+            None => true,
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub const HANDLE_FIELDS: [&str; 12] = [
    "mode",
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ fn lowercase_key(key: &str) -> Value {
 pub fn use_lowercase(config: &Mapping) -> Mapping {
    let mut lowercased = Mapping::new();

-    for (key, value) in config.iter() {
+    for (key, value) in config.into_iter() {
        if let Some(key_str) = key.as_str() {
            lowercased.insert(lowercase_key(key_str), value.clone());
        }
@@ -35,6 +35,17 @@ pub fn use_lowercase(config: &Mapping) -> Mapping {
    lowercased
 }

+pub fn use_lowercase_owned(config: Mapping) -> Mapping {
+    let mut lowercased = Mapping::new();
+
+    for (key, value) in config {
+        if let Some(key_str) = key.as_str() {
+            lowercased.insert(lowercase_key(key_str), value);
+        }
+    }
+    lowercased
+}
+
 pub fn use_sort(mut config: Mapping) -> Mapping {
    let mut sorted = Mapping::new();
    HANDLE_FIELDS.into_iter().for_each(|key| {
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ mod tun;

 use self::{
    chain::{AsyncChainItemFrom as _, ChainItem, ChainType},
-    field::{use_keys, use_lowercase, use_sort},
+    field::{use_keys, use_lowercase_owned, use_sort},
    merge::use_merge,
    script::use_script,
    seq::{SeqMap, use_seq},
@@ -26,14 +26,15 @@ use anyhow::{Context as _, Result};
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use tokio::fs;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 type ResultLog = Vec<(String, String)>;
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct ConfigValues {
    clash_config: Mapping,
+    clash_core: Option<String>,
    enable_tun: bool,
    enable_builtin: bool,
    socks_enabled: bool,
@@ -127,7 +128,8 @@ async fn get_config_values(profile_uid: &str) -> ConfigValues {
    let dns_settings = verge_arc.dns_settings_for(profile_uid);
    let dns_override_confirmation = dns_settings.confirmation;

-    let (enable_tun, enable_builtin, socks_enabled, http_enabled, enable_dns_settings) = (
+    let (clash_core, enable_tun, enable_builtin, socks_enabled, http_enabled, enable_dns_settings) = (
+        Some(verge_arc.get_valid_clash_core()),
        enable_tun_mode.unwrap_or(false),
        enable_builtin_enhanced.unwrap_or(true),
        verge_socks_enabled.unwrap_or(false),
@@ -146,6 +148,7 @@ async fn get_config_values(profile_uid: &str) -> ConfigValues {

    ConfigValues {
        clash_config,
+        clash_core,
        enable_tun,
        enable_builtin,
        socks_enabled,
@@ -196,25 +199,35 @@ async fn collect_profile_items(profiles: &IProfiles) -> Result<ProfileItems> {

    let name = current_item.name.clone().unwrap_or_default();

-    let ProfileItems {
-        merge_item: default_merge,
-        script_item: default_script,
-        rules_item: default_rules,
-        proxies_item: default_proxies,
-        groups_item: default_groups,
-        global_merge: default_global_merge,
-        global_script: default_global_script,
-        ..
-    } = ProfileItems::default();
-
    let (merge_item, script_item, rules_item, proxies_item, groups_item, global_merge, global_script) = tokio::join!(
-        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&merge_uid).ok(), || default_merge,),
-        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&script_uid).ok(), || default_script,),
-        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&rules_uid).ok(), || default_rules,),
-        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&proxies_uid).ok(), || default_proxies,),
-        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&groups_uid).ok(), || default_groups,),
-        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item("Merge").ok(), || default_global_merge,),
-        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item("Script").ok(), || default_global_script,),
+        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&merge_uid).ok(), || ChainItem {
+            uid: "".into(),
+            data: ChainType::Merge(Mapping::new()),
+        },),
+        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&script_uid).ok(), || ChainItem {
+            uid: "".into(),
+            data: ChainType::Script(tmpl::ITEM_SCRIPT.into()),
+        },),
+        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&rules_uid).ok(), || ChainItem {
+            uid: "".into(),
+            data: ChainType::Rules(SeqMap::default()),
+        },),
+        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&proxies_uid).ok(), || ChainItem {
+            uid: "".into(),
+            data: ChainType::Proxies(SeqMap::default()),
+        },),
+        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item(&groups_uid).ok(), || ChainItem {
+            uid: "".into(),
+            data: ChainType::Groups(SeqMap::default()),
+        },),
+        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item("Merge").ok(), || ChainItem {
+            uid: "Merge".into(),
+            data: ChainType::Merge(Mapping::new()),
+        },),
+        chain_item_or_default(profiles.get_item("Script").ok(), || ChainItem {
+            uid: "Script".into(),
+            data: ChainType::Script(tmpl::ITEM_SCRIPT.into()),
+        },),
    );

    Ok(ProfileItems {
@@ -230,16 +243,16 @@ async fn collect_profile_items(profiles: &IProfiles) -> Result<ProfileItems> {
    })
 }

-async fn process_override_items(
+async fn process_global_items(
    mut config: Mapping,
    mut exists_keys: Vec<String>,
    mut result_map: HashMap<String, ResultLog>,
-    merge_item: ChainItem,
-    script_item: ChainItem,
+    global_merge: ChainItem,
+    global_script: ChainItem,
    profile_name: &String,
    authoritative: &AuthoritativeFields,
 ) -> (Mapping, Vec<String>, HashMap<String, ResultLog>) {
-    if let ChainType::Merge(merge) = merge_item.data {
+    if let ChainType::Merge(merge) = global_merge.data {
        exists_keys.extend(use_keys(&merge));
        let before = authoritative.current(&config);
        config = use_merge(&merge, config);
@@ -249,11 +262,11 @@ async fn process_override_items(
            .map(discarded_note)
            .collect();
        if !notes.is_empty() {
-            result_map.entry(merge_item.uid).or_default().extend(notes);
+            result_map.entry(global_merge.uid).or_default().extend(notes);
        }
    }

-    if let ChainType::Script(script) = script_item.data {
+    if let ChainType::Script(script) = global_script.data {
        let before = authoritative.current(&config);
        let (res_config, changed_keys, mut logs) = use_script(script, config, profile_name.clone()).await;
        exists_keys.extend(changed_keys);
@@ -264,7 +277,7 @@ async fn process_override_items(
                .into_iter()
                .map(discarded_note),
        );
-        result_map.insert(script_item.uid, logs);
+        result_map.insert(global_script.uid, logs);
    }

    (config, exists_keys, result_map)
@@ -531,6 +544,46 @@ fn ensure_lan_bind_address(mut config: Mapping) -> Mapping {
    config
 }

+async fn process_profile_items(
+    mut config: Mapping,
+    mut exists_keys: Vec<String>,
+    mut result_map: HashMap<String, ResultLog>,
+    merge_item: ChainItem,
+    script_item: ChainItem,
+    profile_name: &String,
+    authoritative: &AuthoritativeFields,
+) -> (Mapping, Vec<String>, HashMap<String, ResultLog>) {
+    if let ChainType::Merge(merge) = merge_item.data {
+        exists_keys.extend(use_keys(&merge));
+        let before = authoritative.current(&config);
+        config = use_merge(&merge, config);
+        let notes: ResultLog = authoritative
+            .overridden(&before, &authoritative.current(&config))
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(discarded_note)
+            .collect();
+        if !notes.is_empty() {
+            result_map.entry(merge_item.uid).or_default().extend(notes);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if let ChainType::Script(script) = script_item.data {
+        let before = authoritative.current(&config);
+        let (res_config, changed_keys, mut logs) = use_script(script, config, profile_name.clone()).await;
+        exists_keys.extend(changed_keys);
+        config = res_config;
+        logs.extend(
+            authoritative
+                .overridden(&before, &authoritative.current(&config))
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(discarded_note),
+        );
+        result_map.insert(script_item.uid, logs);
+    }
+
+    (config, exists_keys, result_map)
+}
+
 /// Merges the app's clash config over the profile; switches are parameters to keep it pure.
 fn merge_default_config(
    mut config: Mapping,
@@ -602,12 +655,25 @@ fn merge_default_config(
    config
 }

-fn apply_builtin_scripts(mut config: Mapping, enable_builtin: bool) -> Mapping {
+fn apply_builtin_scripts(mut config: Mapping, clash_core: Option<String>, enable_builtin: bool) -> Mapping {
    if enable_builtin {
-        // The JS path saw a lowercased view; lowercase once, only when the builtin runs.
-        config = use_lowercase(&config);
-        logging!(debug, Type::Core, "run builtin script verge_hy_alpn");
-        config = builtin_hy_alpn(config);
+        let items: Vec<_> = ChainItem::builtin()
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter(|(s, _)| s.is_support(clash_core.as_ref()))
+            .map(|(_, c)| c)
+            .collect();
+        if !items.is_empty() {
+            // The JS path saw a lowercased view; lowercase once, only when a builtin runs.
+            config = use_lowercase_owned(config);
+            for item in items {
+                logging!(debug, Type::Core, "run builtin script {}", item.uid);
+                config = match item.uid.as_str() {
+                    "verge_hy_alpn" => builtin_hy_alpn(config),
+                    "verge_meta_guard" => builtin_meta_guard(config),
+                    _ => config,
+                };
+            }
+        }
    }

    config
@@ -627,6 +693,14 @@ fn builtin_hy_alpn(mut config: Mapping) -> Mapping {
    config
 }

+fn builtin_meta_guard(mut config: Mapping) -> Mapping {
+    if config.get("mode").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some("script") {
+        config.insert(Value::from("mode"), Value::from("rule"));
+    }
+
+    config
+}
+
 fn cleanup_proxy_groups(mut config: Mapping) -> Mapping {
    // built-in proxies docs: https://wiki.metacubex.one/config/proxies/built-in
    const BUILTIN_POLICIES: &[&str] = &["DIRECT", "REJECT", "REJECT-DROP", "PASS", "PASS-RULE"];
@@ -805,6 +879,7 @@ pub async fn enhance(
    let cfg_vals = get_config_values(profile_uid).await;
    let ConfigValues {
        clash_config,
+        clash_core,
        enable_tun,
        enable_builtin,
        socks_enabled,
@@ -854,13 +929,13 @@ pub async fn enhance(
        tproxy_enabled,
    );

-    let config = apply_builtin_scripts(config, enable_builtin);
+    let config = apply_builtin_scripts(config, clash_core, enable_builtin);
    let config = use_tun(config, enable_tun);
    let (config, dns_settings) = apply_dns_settings(config, enable_dns_settings).await;

    let authoritative = AuthoritativeFields::capture(&config, &gui_tun_keys, dns_settings);

-    let (config, exists_keys, result_map) = process_override_items(
+    let (config, exists_keys, result_map) = process_global_items(
        config,
        exists_keys,
        result_map,
@@ -871,7 +946,7 @@ pub async fn enhance(
    )
    .await;

-    let (config, exists_keys, result_map) = process_override_items(
+    let (config, exists_keys, result_map) = process_profile_items(
        config,
        exists_keys,
        result_map,
@@ -1353,7 +1428,7 @@ mod authoritative_field_tests {
 mod tests {
    use super::{
        AuthoritativeFields, ChainItem, ChainType, Mapping, cleanup_proxy_groups, ensure_lan_bind_address,
-        process_override_items, use_keys,
+        process_global_items, process_profile_items, use_keys,
    };
    use std::collections::HashMap;

@@ -1401,28 +1476,22 @@ mod tests {
                data: ChainType::Merge(merge.clone()),
            };
            let profile_name = "test-profile".into();
-            let (config, keys, logs) = process_override_items(
+            let (config, keys, logs) = process_global_items(
                config,
                vec![],
                HashMap::new(),
                merge_item("global-merge"),
-                ChainItem {
-                    uid: "global-script".into(),
-                    data: ChainType::Script(script.into()),
-                },
+                ChainItem::to_script("global-script", script),
                &profile_name,
                &authoritative,
            )
            .await;
-            let (config, _, logs) = process_override_items(
+            let (config, _, logs) = process_profile_items(
                config,
                keys,
                logs,
                merge_item("profile-merge"),
-                ChainItem {
-                    uid: "profile-script".into(),
-                    data: ChainType::Script(script.into()),
-                },
+                ChainItem::to_script("profile-script", script),
                &profile_name,
                &authoritative,
            )
@@ -1467,19 +1536,16 @@ mod tests {
                   nested: {winner: global-merge}, dns: {enable: false}, tun: {enable: false}}",
            )),
        };
-        let global_script = ChainItem {
-            uid: "Script".into(),
-            data: ChainType::Script(
-                r#"function main(config) {
+        let global_script = ChainItem::to_script(
+            "Script",
+            r#"function main(config) {
              config["global-script-wins"] = "global-script";
              config["profile-merge-wins"] = "global-script";
              config["profile-script-wins"] = "global-script";
              config.nested.winner = "global-script";
              return config;
-            }"#
-                .into(),
-            ),
-        };
+            }"#,
+        );
        let profile_merge = ChainItem {
            uid: "profile-merge".into(),
            data: ChainType::Merge(mapping(
@@ -1487,21 +1553,18 @@ mod tests {
                   nested: {winner: profile-merge}}",
            )),
        };
-        let profile_script = ChainItem {
-            uid: "profile-script".into(),
-            data: ChainType::Script(
-                r#"function main(config) {
+        let profile_script = ChainItem::to_script(
+            "profile-script",
+            r#"function main(config) {
              config["profile-script-wins"] = "profile-script";
              config.nested.winner = "profile-script";
              return config;
-            }"#
-                .into(),
-            ),
-        };
+            }"#,
+        );

        let profile_name = "test-profile".into();
        let authoritative = AuthoritativeFields::capture(&config, &[], Mapping::new());
-        let (config, exists_keys, result_map) = process_override_items(
+        let (config, exists_keys, result_map) = process_global_items(
            config,
            exists_keys,
            HashMap::new(),
@@ -1511,7 +1574,7 @@ mod tests {
            &authoritative,
        )
        .await;
-        let (config, exists_keys, _) = process_override_items(
+        let (config, exists_keys, _) = process_profile_items(
            config,
            exists_keys,
            result_map,
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 use crate::{process::AsyncHandler, utils::tmpl};

-use super::field::use_lowercase;
+use super::field::{use_lowercase, use_lowercase_owned};
 use anyhow::{Error, Result};
 use boa_engine::{Context, JsString, JsValue, Source, js_string, native_function::NativeFunction, property::Attribute};
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use serde_yaml_ng::Mapping;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::sync::Arc;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 const MAX_OUTPUTS: usize = 1000;
 const MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 1024; // 1MB
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ const MAX_LOOP_ITERATIONS: u64 = 10_000_000;
 const SCRIPT_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(5);

 type ScriptResult = (Mapping, Vec<String>, Vec<(String, String)>);
-type EvalOutcome = (Result<Mapping, std::string::String>, Vec<(String, String)>);
+type EvalOutcome = (Result<Mapping, String>, Vec<(String, String)>);

 /// Never fails: exceptions are logged and the input config is returned unchanged.
 pub(super) async fn use_script(script: String, config: Mapping, name: String) -> ScriptResult {
    // The template is identity-plus-lowercasing; skip the Boa round-trip.
    if script == tmpl::ITEM_SCRIPT {
-        return (use_lowercase(&config), vec![], vec![]);
+        return (use_lowercase_owned(config), vec![], vec![]);
    }

    let json = match serde_json::to_string(&use_lowercase(&config)) {
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ pub(super) async fn use_script(script: String, config: Mapping, name: String) ->
    let evaluated = AsyncHandler::spawn_blocking(move || eval_script(&script, &json, &name));
    let (outcome, mut logs) = match tokio::time::timeout(SCRIPT_TIMEOUT, evaluated).await {
        Ok(Ok(evaluated)) => evaluated,
-        Ok(Err(join_err)) => (Err(format!("script task panicked: {join_err}")), vec![]),
+        Ok(Err(join_err)) => (Err(format!("script task panicked: {join_err}").into()), vec![]),
        Err(_elapsed) => (
-            Err(format!("script execution timed out after {SCRIPT_TIMEOUT:?}")),
+            Err(format!("script execution timed out after {SCRIPT_TIMEOUT:?}").into()),
            vec![],
        ),
    };
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pub(super) async fn use_script(script: String, config: Mapping, name: String) ->
            (result, changed_keys, logs)
        }
        Err(reason) => {
-            logs.push(("exception".into(), reason.into()));
+            logs.push(("exception".into(), reason));
            (config, vec![], logs)
        }
    }
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ fn eval_script(script: &str, config_json: &str, name: &String) -> EvalOutcome {
    let outputs_clone = Arc::clone(&outputs);
    let total_size_clone = Arc::clone(&total_size);

-    let bail = |reason: std::string::String| (Err(reason), outputs.lock().to_vec());
+    let bail = |reason: String| (Err(reason), outputs.lock().to_vec());

    let _ = context.register_global_builtin_callable("__verge_log__".into(), 2, unsafe {
        NativeFunction::from_closure(move |_: &JsValue, args: &[JsValue], context: &mut Context| {
@@ -137,13 +137,13 @@ fn eval_script(script: &str, config_json: &str, name: &String) -> EvalOutcome {
        JsValue::from(JsString::from(config_json)),
        Attribute::all(),
    ) {
-        return bail(format!("failed to bind config for script: {err}"));
+        return bail(format!("failed to bind config for script: {err}").into());
    }

    // 仅处理 name 参数中的特殊字符
    let safe_name = escape_js_string_for_single_quote(name);
    if safe_name.len() > 1024 {
-        return bail("Name parameter too long".to_owned());
+        return bail("Name parameter too long".into());
    }

    let code = format!(
@@ -157,30 +157,30 @@ fn eval_script(script: &str, config_json: &str, name: &String) -> EvalOutcome {

    let result = match context.eval(Source::from_bytes(code.as_str())) {
        Ok(result) if result.is_string() => result,
-        _ => return bail("main function should return object".to_owned()),
+        _ => return bail("main function should return object".into()),
    };
    let result = match result.to_string(&mut context) {
        Ok(result) => result,
-        Err(e) => return bail(format!("Failed to convert JS result to string: {e}")),
+        Err(e) => return bail(format!("Failed to convert JS result to string: {e}").into()),
    };
    let result = match result.to_std_string() {
        Ok(result) => result,
-        Err(_) => return bail("Failed to convert JS string to std string".to_owned()),
+        Err(_) => return bail("Failed to convert JS string to std string".into()),
    };

    if result.len() > MAX_JSON_SIZE {
-        return bail("Script result exceeds maximum allowed size".to_owned());
+        return bail("Script result exceeds maximum allowed size".into());
    }

    match parse_json_safely(&result) {
-        Ok(config) => (Ok(use_lowercase(&config)), outputs.lock().to_vec()),
+        Ok(config) => (Ok(use_lowercase_owned(config)), outputs.lock().to_vec()),
        Err(err) => {
            logging!(
                error,
                Type::Config,
                "Script execution error: {err:#}. Script name: {name}"
            );
-            bail("Script execution failed".to_owned())
+            bail("Script execution failed".into())
        }
    }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Sequence, Value};
 use std::collections::HashSet;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct SeqMap {
@@ -12,8 +13,8 @@ pub struct SeqMap {
 fn collect_proxy_names(seq: &Sequence) -> Vec<String> {
    seq.iter()
        .filter_map(|item| match item {
-            Value::Mapping(map) => map.get("name").and_then(Value::as_str).map(str::to_owned),
-            Value::String(name) => Some(name.to_owned()),
+            Value::Mapping(map) => map.get("name").and_then(Value::as_str).map(Into::into),
+            Value::String(name) => Some(name.to_owned().into()),
            _ => None,
        })
        .collect()
@@ -58,10 +59,10 @@ pub fn use_seq(seq: SeqMap, mut config: Mapping, field: &str) -> Mapping {
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|item| {
                if let Value::String(s) = item {
-                    !delete.contains(s)
+                    !delete.iter().any(|deleted| deleted == s)
                } else if let Value::Mapping(m) = item {
                    if let Some(Value::String(name)) = m.get("name") {
-                        !delete.contains(name)
+                        !delete.iter().any(|deleted| deleted == name)
                    } else {
                        true
                    }
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ pub fn use_seq(seq: SeqMap, mut config: Mapping, field: &str) -> Mapping {
                        .into_iter()
                        .filter(|p| {
                            if let Value::String(name) = p {
-                                !delete.contains(name)
+                                !delete.iter().any(|deleted| deleted == name)
                            } else {
                                true
                            }
@@ -119,12 +120,12 @@ pub fn use_seq(seq: SeqMap, mut config: Mapping, field: &str) -> Mapping {
                let mut seen_proxy_names = HashSet::new();
                for name in &added_proxy_names {
                    if seen_proxy_names.insert(name.clone()) {
-                        merged_proxies.push(Value::String(name.clone()));
+                        merged_proxies.push(Value::String(name.clone().into()));
                    }
                }
                for value in base_group_proxies {
                    if let Value::String(name) = &value
-                        && !seen_proxy_names.insert(name.to_owned())
+                        && !seen_proxy_names.insert(name.to_owned().into())
                    {
                        continue;
                    }
@@ -180,7 +181,7 @@ proxy-groups:
        let seq = SeqMap {
            prepend: Sequence::new(),
            append: Sequence::new(),
-            delete: vec!["proxy1".to_string()],
+            delete: vec!["proxy1".into()],
        };

        config = use_seq(seq, config, "proxies");
@@ -317,7 +318,7 @@ proxy-groups: "invalid"
        let seq = SeqMap {
            prepend: Sequence::new(),
            append: Sequence::new(),
-            delete: vec!["proxy1".to_string()],
+            delete: vec!["proxy1".into()],
        };

        config = use_seq(seq, config, "proxies");
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ pub fn use_tun(mut config: Mapping, enable: bool) -> Mapping {
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .unwrap_or("fake-ip");

-        if current_mode == "fake-ip" {
+        if current_mode == "fake-ip" || !dns_val.contains_key(Value::from("enhanced-mode")) {
            revise!(dns_val, "enable", true);
            revise!(dns_val, "ipv6", ipv6_val);

@@ -12,17 +12,14 @@ use chrono::Utc;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
 use reqwest_dav::list_cmd::ListFile;
 use serde::Serialize;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use tokio::fs;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, specta::Type)]
 pub struct LocalBackupFile {
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub filename: String,
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub path: String,
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    pub last_modified: String,
    pub content_length: u64,
 }
@@ -33,9 +30,6 @@ async fn finalize_restored_verge_config(
    webdav_username: Option<String>,
    webdav_password: Option<String>,
 ) -> Result<()> {
-    // The lock must cover every restored layer; an unlocked apply races a concurrently staged draft.
-    let config_write = Config::lock_config_write().await;
-
    // A broken restored `verge.yaml` is a restore failure, not a reason to load defaults.
    let mut restored = help::read_yaml::<IVerge>(&verge_path()?).await?;
    restored.webdav_url = webdav_url;
@@ -46,42 +40,43 @@ async fn finalize_restored_verge_config(
    let restored_clash = IClashTemp::new().await;
    let clash_draft = Config::clash().await;
    clash_draft.edit_draft(|d| {
-        *d = restored_clash;
+        *d = restored_clash.clone();
    });
    clash_draft.apply();

    let restored_profiles = IProfiles::new().await;
    let profiles_draft = Config::profiles().await;
    profiles_draft.edit_draft(|d| {
-        *d = restored_profiles;
+        *d = restored_profiles.clone();
    });
    profiles_draft.apply();

    let verge_draft = Config::verge().await;
-    verge_draft.edit_draft(|d| {
-        *d = restored.clone();
-    });
-    verge_draft.apply();
+    {
+        // Hold the write lock so a concurrent patch cannot stage a draft the proxy write reads.
+        let _config_write = Config::lock_config_write().await;
+        verge_draft.edit_draft(|d| {
+            *d = restored.clone();
+        });
+        verge_draft.apply();

-    // Turn it off here; a failing core side effect below would otherwise skip this step.
-    if !restored.enable_system_proxy.unwrap_or_default() {
-        let result = async {
-            let _lifecycle = CoreManager::global().lifecycle_lock.lock().await;
-            proxy_control::apply().await?;
-            proxy_control::refresh_guard().await
-        }
-        .await;
-        if let Err(err) = result {
-            logging!(error, Type::Backup, "Failed to turn the system proxy off: {err:#}");
-            if SystemProxyStateUnknown::is_in(&err) {
-                return Err(err);
+        // Turn it off here; a failing core side effect below would otherwise skip this step.
+        if !restored.enable_system_proxy.unwrap_or_default() {
+            let result = async {
+                let _lifecycle = CoreManager::global().lifecycle_lock.lock().await;
+                proxy_control::apply().await?;
+                proxy_control::refresh_guard().await
+            }
+            .await;
+            if let Err(err) = result {
+                logging!(error, Type::Backup, "Failed to turn the system proxy off: {err:#}");
+                if SystemProxyStateUnknown::is_in(&err) {
+                    return Err(err);
+                }
            }
        }
    }

-    // `patch_verge` re-acquires the lock through `try_lock_config_write`.
-    drop(config_write);
-
    // Run configuration side effects without rewriting the already-restored file.
    if let Err(err) = super::patch_verge(&restored, true).await {
        logging!(error, Type::Backup, "Failed to apply restored verge config: {err:#}");
@@ -136,35 +131,14 @@ pub async fn delete_webdav_backup(filename: String) -> Result<()> {
    })
 }

-/// Backup creation strips the WebDAV credentials, so the live ones are kept.
-async fn restore_backup_archive(path: PathBuf) -> Result<()> {
-    let (webdav_url, webdav_username, webdav_password) = {
-        let verge = Config::verge().await;
-        let verge = verge.latest_arc();
-        (
-            verge.webdav_url.clone(),
-            verge.webdav_username.clone(),
-            verge.webdav_password.clone(),
-        )
-    };
-
-    let home_dir = app_home_dir()?;
-    AsyncHandler::spawn_blocking(move || -> Result<()> {
-        let file = std::fs::File::open(&path)?;
-        let mut zip = zip::ZipArchive::new(file)?;
-        zip.extract(&home_dir)?;
-        Ok(())
-    })
-    .await
-    .map_err(|join| anyhow!("backup extraction task failed: {join}"))??;
-
-    // Held for the config-data transition only; extraction is plain filesystem work.
-    let _profile_write = crate::config::profiles::PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK.lock().await;
-    finalize_restored_verge_config(webdav_url, webdav_username, webdav_password).await
-}
-
 #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, level = "info", fields(filename = %filename))]
 pub async fn restore_webdav_backup(filename: String) -> Result<()> {
+    let verge = Config::verge().await;
+    let verge_data = verge.latest_arc();
+    let webdav_url = verge_data.webdav_url.clone();
+    let webdav_username = verge_data.webdav_username.clone();
+    let webdav_password = verge_data.webdav_password.clone();
+
    let backup_storage_path = app_home_dir()
        .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to get app home dir: {e}"))?
        .join(filename.as_str());
@@ -181,7 +155,12 @@ pub async fn restore_webdav_backup(filename: String) -> Result<()> {
            err
        })?;

-    let res = restore_backup_archive(backup_storage_path.clone()).await;
+    let value = backup_storage_path.clone();
+    let file = AsyncHandler::spawn_blocking(move || std::fs::File::open(&value)).await??;
+    let mut zip = zip::ZipArchive::new(file)?;
+    let _profile_write = crate::config::profiles::PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK.lock().await;
+    zip.extract(app_home_dir()?)?;
+    let res = finalize_restored_verge_config(webdav_url, webdav_username, webdav_password).await;
    let _ = backup_storage_path.remove_if_exists().await;
    res
 }
@@ -350,7 +329,22 @@ pub async fn restore_local_backup(filename: String) -> Result<()> {
        return Err(anyhow!("Backup file not found: {}", filename));
    }

-    restore_backup_archive(target_path).await
+    let (webdav_url, webdav_username, webdav_password) = {
+        let verge = Config::verge().await;
+        let verge = verge.latest_arc();
+        (
+            verge.webdav_url.clone(),
+            verge.webdav_username.clone(),
+            verge.webdav_password.clone(),
+        )
+    };
+
+    let file = AsyncHandler::spawn_blocking(move || std::fs::File::open(&target_path)).await??;
+    let mut zip = zip::ZipArchive::new(file)?;
+    let _profile_write = crate::config::profiles::PROFILE_WRITE_LOCK.lock().await;
+    zip.extract(app_home_dir()?)?;
+    finalize_restored_verge_config(webdav_url, webdav_username, webdav_password).await?;
+    Ok(())
 }

 #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, level = "info", fields(filename = %filename, destination = %destination))]
@@ -3,19 +3,26 @@ use crate::core::notify::{Refresh, announce};
 use crate::{
    config::{Config, MixedPort},
    core::{CoreManager, handle, tray},
-    feat::run_exit_cleanup_flow,
+    feat::clean_async,
    process::AsyncHandler,
    utils,
 };
 use bytes::BytesMut;
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use serde_yaml_ng::{Mapping, Value};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::sync::{Arc, LazyLock};
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[allow(clippy::expect_used)]
-static TLS_CONFIG: LazyLock<Arc<rustls::ClientConfig>> =
-    LazyLock::new(|| Arc::new(utils::network::build_webpki_rooted_tls_config().expect("Failed to set TLS versions")));
+static TLS_CONFIG: LazyLock<Arc<rustls::ClientConfig>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+    let root_store = rustls::RootCertStore::from_iter(webpki_roots::TLS_SERVER_ROOTS.iter().cloned());
+    let config = rustls::ClientConfig::builder_with_provider(Arc::new(rustls::crypto::ring::default_provider()))
+        .with_safe_default_protocol_versions()
+        .expect("Failed to set TLS versions")
+        .with_root_certificates(root_store)
+        .with_no_client_auth();
+    Arc::new(config)
+});

 pub async fn restart_clash_core() {
    match CoreManager::global().restart_core().await {
@@ -31,9 +38,38 @@ pub async fn restart_clash_core() {

 pub async fn restart_app() {
    logging!(debug, Type::System, "启动重启应用流程");
-    let cleanup_result = run_exit_cleanup_flow(NoticeStatus::AppRestartCoreStopFailed).await;
+    handle::Handle::global().set_is_exiting();
+
+    Config::apply_all_and_save_file().await;
+
+    let cleanup_result = clean_async().await;
+
+    logging!(
+        info,
+        Type::System,
+        "资源清理完成，退出代码: {}",
+        if cleanup_result.all_success { 0 } else { 1 }
+    );

    if !cleanup_result.core_stopped {
+        handle::Handle::global().clear_is_exiting();
+        // A failed stop may still have marked the core stopped, and exit cleanup skipped the DNS restore.
+        // A core that kept running keeps its DNS, whatever an unapplied config draft says.
+        #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+        {
+            let manager = CoreManager::global();
+            let _lifecycle = manager.lifecycle_lock.lock().await;
+            if matches!(
+                *manager.get_running_mode(),
+                crate::core::manager::RunningMode::NotRunning
+            ) {
+                crate::utils::resolve::dns::sync_public_dns().await;
+            }
+        }
+        handle::Handle::notice(
+            NoticeStatus::AppRestartCoreStopFailed,
+            cleanup_result.stop_error.unwrap_or_default(),
+        );
        return;
    }

@@ -67,14 +103,11 @@ pub async fn change_clash_mode(mode: String) -> Result<(), String> {
    }

    let clash = Config::clash().await;
-    // Serialize with patch transactions: an unlocked commit can flush a staged draft mid-rollback.
-    let save_result = {
-        let _config_write = Config::lock_config_write().await;
-        clash.edit_draft(|d| d.patch_config(&mapping));
-        clash.apply();
-        clash.data_arc().save_config().await
-    };
-    if save_result.is_ok() {
+    clash.edit_draft(|d| d.patch_config(&mapping));
+    clash.apply();
+
+    let clash_data = clash.data_arc();
+    if clash_data.save_config().await.is_ok() {
        announce(Refresh::Clash);
        tray::Tray::global().update_menu_and_icon().await;
    }
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ use std::{
    process::Command,
    sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering},
 };
+use tristr::alias::String;

 const RELEASE_VERSION_URL: &str = "https://github.com/MetaCubeX/mihomo/releases/latest/download/version.txt";
 const ALPHA_BASE_URL: &str = "https://github.com/MetaCubeX/mihomo/releases/download/Prerelease-Alpha";
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ pub async fn upgrade_core(force: bool) -> Result<CoreUpgradeReport> {
    // A core already broken by the in-place updater cannot report a version; upgrading is the repair.
    let installed = read_core_version(&target).unwrap_or_else(|error| {
        logging!(warn, Type::Core, "core upgrade: unreadable installed core: {error:#}");
-        std::string::String::new()
+        String::new()
    });

    let (proxy, latest) = resolve_latest_version(alpha).await?;
@@ -172,14 +173,15 @@ fn managed_core_path(core: &str) -> Result<PathBuf> {
 }

 /// Pins the package to the resolved version, so a release moving on mid-upgrade cannot 404.
-fn package_url(alpha: bool, version: &str) -> Result<std::string::String> {
+fn package_url(alpha: bool, version: &str) -> Result<String> {
    let asset = asset_base_name(alpha)?;
    let extension = if cfg!(windows) { "zip" } else { "gz" };
    Ok(if alpha {
        format!("{ALPHA_BASE_URL}/{asset}-{version}.{extension}")
    } else {
        format!("{RELEASE_DOWNLOAD_URL}/{version}/{asset}-{version}.{extension}")
-    })
+    }
+    .into())
 }

 /// Mirrors the asset map in `scripts/prebuild.mjs` so an upgrade keeps the build variant
@@ -218,11 +220,11 @@ fn asset_base_name(alpha: bool) -> Result<&'static str> {

 /// Returns the proxy that reached GitHub so the package download reuses it.
 #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, level = "debug", fields(alpha))]
-async fn resolve_latest_version(alpha: bool) -> Result<(ProxyType, std::string::String)> {
+async fn resolve_latest_version(alpha: bool) -> Result<(ProxyType, String)> {
    let url = if alpha {
-        format!("{ALPHA_BASE_URL}/version.txt")
+        String::from(format!("{ALPHA_BASE_URL}/version.txt"))
    } else {
-        RELEASE_VERSION_URL.to_owned()
+        String::from(RELEASE_VERSION_URL)
    };
    let mut last_error = None;

@@ -234,7 +236,7 @@ async fn resolve_latest_version(alpha: bool) -> Result<(ProxyType, std::string::
        match attempt {
            Ok(response) if response.status().is_success() => {
                // An error page answered with 200 must not become a version, nor reach the URL.
-                let version = response.text().trim().to_owned();
+                let version = String::from(response.text().trim());
                if !is_usable_version(&version) {
                    logging!(
                        warn,
@@ -446,7 +448,7 @@ fn new_command(program: impl AsRef<OsStr>) -> Command {
 }

 /// Parses the version out of `Mihomo Meta v1.19.30 darwin arm64 with go1.22.12 ...`.
-fn read_core_version(path: &Path) -> Result<std::string::String> {
+fn read_core_version(path: &Path) -> Result<String> {
    let output = new_command(path)
        .arg("-v")
        .output()
@@ -456,11 +458,12 @@ fn read_core_version(path: &Path) -> Result<std::string::String> {
        bail!("{} -v exited with {}", path.display(), output.status);
    }

-    let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
+    // from_utf8_lossy exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    let stdout = std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
    stdout
        .split_whitespace()
        .nth(2)
-        .map(str::to_owned)
+        .map(String::from)
        .with_context(|| format!("unexpected version output from {}: {stdout}", path.display()))
 }

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::core::notify::{Refresh, announce};
 use anyhow::{Result, ensure};
 use clash_verge_draft::DraftTransaction;
 use serde::Serialize;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 use crate::{
    config::{
@@ -19,10 +19,7 @@ use crate::{
 #[serde(tag = "status", rename_all = "snake_case")]
 pub enum DnsOverrideOutcome {
    Applied,
-    ConfirmationRequired {
-        #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
-        source: String,
-    },
+    ConfirmationRequired { source: String },
 }

 pub async fn set_dns_override(
@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
 use crate::{
-    cmd::{CmdResult, StringifyErr as _},
+    cmd::{CmdResult, CommandFailure, StringifyErr as _},
    utils::dirs::{self, PathBufExec as _},
 };
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::path::{Component, Path, PathBuf};
 use tokio::fs;
 use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt as _;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, specta::Type)]
 pub struct IconInfo {
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    name: String,
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    previous_t: String,
-    #[specta(type = std::string::String)]
    current_t: String,
 }

@@ -43,7 +40,7 @@ fn ensure_icon_cache_target(icon_cache_dir: &Path, file_name: &str) -> CmdResult
    Ok(icon_path)
 }

-fn normalized_text_prefix(content: &[u8]) -> std::string::String {
+fn normalized_text_prefix(content: &[u8]) -> String {
    let content = content.strip_prefix(&[0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF]).unwrap_or(content);
    let start = content
        .iter()
@@ -51,7 +48,8 @@ fn normalized_text_prefix(content: &[u8]) -> std::string::String {
        .unwrap_or(content.len());
    let end = content.len().min(start.saturating_add(2048));
    let prefix = &content[start..end];
-    std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy(prefix).to_ascii_lowercase()
+    // from_utf8_lossy exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy(prefix).to_ascii_lowercase().into()
 }

 fn looks_like_html(content: &[u8]) -> bool {
@@ -95,7 +93,10 @@ pub async fn download_icon_cache(url: String, name: String) -> CmdResult<String>

    if !is_supported_icon_content(&content) {
        let _ = temp_path.remove_if_exists().await;
-        return Err(format!("Downloaded content is not a valid image: {}", url.as_str()).into());
+        return Err(CommandFailure::plain(format!(
+            "Downloaded content is not a valid image: {}",
+            url.as_str()
+        )));
    }

    {
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ pub async fn copy_icon_file(path: String, icon_info: IconInfo) -> CmdResult<Stri

        match fs::copy(file_path, &dest_path).await {
            Ok(_) => Ok(dest_path.to_string_lossy().into()),
-            Err(err) => Err(err.to_string().into()),
+            Err(err) => Err(CommandFailure::plain(err)),
        }
    } else {
        Err("file not found".into())
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use anyhow::{Result, bail};
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging, logging_error};
-use smartstring::alias::String;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 /// Toggle proxy profile
 pub async fn toggle_proxy_profile(profile_index: String) {
@@ -47,11 +47,26 @@ pub async fn switch_proxy_node(group_name: &str, proxy_name: &str) {
            record_switched_node(group_name, proxy_name).await;
            announce(Refresh::Proxies);
            let _ = tray::Tray::global().update_menu().await;
+            return;
        }
        Err(err) => {
            logging!(error, Type::Tray, "切换代理失败: {err:?}");
        }
    }
+
+    match handle::Handle::mihomo()
+        .select_node_for_group(group_name, proxy_name)
+        .await
+    {
+        Ok(_) => {
+            logging!(info, Type::Tray, "代理切换回退成功: {} -> {}", group_name, proxy_name);
+            record_switched_node(group_name, proxy_name).await;
+            let _ = tray::Tray::global().update_menu().await;
+        }
+        Err(err) => {
+            logging!(error, Type::Tray, "代理切换最终失败: {err:?}");
+        }
+    }
 }

 async fn should_update_profile(uid: &String, ignore_auto_update: bool) -> Result<Option<(String, Option<PrfOption>)>> {
@@ -216,7 +231,7 @@ pub async fn update_profile(uid: &String, option: Option<&PrfOption>, is_mannual
                };
                let message = mask_err(&message);
                let message = if profile_persisted {
-                    format!("订阅已保存，但未能确认已应用到内核: {message}")
+                    format!("订阅已保存，但未能确认已应用到内核: {message}").into()
                } else {
                    message
                };
@@ -130,7 +130,9 @@ pub async fn open_or_close_dashboard() {
    logging!(info, Type::Window, "Window toggle result: {result:?}");
 }

-pub(crate) async fn run_exit_cleanup_flow(stop_failed_notice: NoticeStatus) -> CleanupResult {
+pub async fn quit() {
+    logging!(debug, Type::System, "启动退出流程");
+    // 设置退出标志
    handle::Handle::global().set_is_exiting();

    Config::apply_all_and_save_file().await;
@@ -160,18 +162,11 @@ pub(crate) async fn run_exit_cleanup_flow(stop_failed_notice: NoticeStatus) -> C
            }
        }
        handle::Handle::notice(
-            stop_failed_notice,
-            cleanup_result.stop_error.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+            NoticeStatus::AppQuitCoreStopFailed,
+            cleanup_result.stop_error.unwrap_or_default(),
        );
    }

-    cleanup_result
-}
-
-pub async fn quit() {
-    logging!(debug, Type::System, "启动退出流程");
-    let cleanup_result = run_exit_cleanup_flow(NoticeStatus::AppQuitCoreStopFailed).await;
-
    utils::server::shutdown_embedded_server();
    let app_handle = handle::Handle::app_handle();
    app_handle.exit(if cleanup_result.all_success { 0 } else { 1 });
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use crate::cmd;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub fn builder() -> tauri_specta::Builder<tauri::Wry> {
    tauri_specta::Builder::new()
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ pub struct WebDavFile {
 impl From<reqwest_dav::list_cmd::ListFile> for WebDavFile {
    fn from(file: reqwest_dav::list_cmd::ListFile) -> Self {
        Self {
-            href: file.href,
+            href: file.href.into(),
            last_modified: file.last_modified,
        }
    }
@@ -148,20 +149,20 @@ pub struct IpAddress {
 impl From<network_interface::NetworkInterface> for NetworkInterfaceView {
    fn from(interface: network_interface::NetworkInterface) -> Self {
        Self {
-            name: interface.name,
+            name: interface.name.into(),
            addr: interface
                .addr
                .into_iter()
                .map(|address| match address {
                    network_interface::Addr::V4(address) => InterfaceAddress::V4(IpAddress {
-                        ip: address.ip.to_string(),
+                        ip: address.ip.to_string().into(),
                    }),
                    network_interface::Addr::V6(address) => InterfaceAddress::V6(IpAddress {
-                        ip: address.ip.to_string(),
+                        ip: address.ip.to_string().into(),
                    }),
                })
                .collect(),
-            mac_addr: interface.mac_addr,
+            mac_addr: interface.mac_addr.map(Into::into),
        }
    }
 }
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use std::{
    str::FromStr,
 };
 use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt as _;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub async fn read_yaml<T: DeserializeOwned>(path: &Path) -> Result<T> {
    if !tokio::fs::try_exists(path).await.unwrap_or(false) {
@@ -34,12 +35,13 @@ pub async fn read_mapping(path: &Path) -> Result<Mapping> {
    let bytes = tokio::fs::read(path)
        .await
        .with_context(|| format!("failed to read the file \"{}\"", path.display()))?;
-    let yaml_str =
-        String::from_utf8(bytes).with_context(|| format!("failed to read the file \"{}\"", path.display()))?;
+    // from_utf8 exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    let yaml_str = std::string::String::from_utf8(bytes)
+        .with_context(|| format!("failed to read the file \"{}\"", path.display()))?;
    let label = path.to_path_buf();

    // Parsing a multi-megabyte profile is pure CPU; keep it off the async worker.
-    AsyncHandler::spawn_blocking(move || parse_mapping(yaml_str, label))
+    AsyncHandler::spawn_blocking(move || parse_mapping(yaml_str.into(), label))
        .await
        .map_err(|join| anyhow!("yaml parse task failed: {join}"))?
 }
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ const ALPHABET: [char; 62] = [

 pub fn get_uid(prefix: &str) -> String {
    let id = nanoid!(11, &ALPHABET);
-    format!("{prefix}{id}")
+    format!("{prefix}{id}").into()
 }

 pub fn parse_str<T: FromStr>(target: &str, key: &str) -> Option<T> {
@@ -171,7 +173,7 @@ pub fn mask_url(url: &str) -> String {
    let scheme_and_host = &path_part[..host_end];
    let path = &path_part[host_end..]; // starts with '/' or empty

-    let mut result = scheme_and_host.to_owned();
+    let mut result: String = scheme_and_host.into();

    if !path.is_empty() {
        let masked: Vec<&str> = path
@@ -186,8 +188,8 @@ pub fn mask_url(url: &str) -> String {
        let masked_query: Vec<String> = query
            .split('&')
            .map(|param| match param.find('=') {
-                Some(eq) => format!("{}=***", &param[..eq]),
-                None => param.to_owned(),
+                Some(eq) => format!("{}=***", &param[..eq]).into(),
+                None => param.into(),
            })
            .collect();
        result.push_str(&masked_query.join("&"));
@@ -198,7 +200,8 @@ pub fn mask_url(url: &str) -> String {

 /// Masks every HTTP(S) URL embedded in a log string while preserving surrounding text.
 pub fn mask_err(err: &str) -> String {
-    let mut result = String::with_capacity(err.len());
+    // with_capacity exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    let mut result = std::string::String::with_capacity(err.len());
    let mut remaining = err;

    loop {
@@ -224,7 +227,7 @@ pub fn mask_err(err: &str) -> String {
        remaining = &remaining[url_end..];
    }

-    result
+    result.into()
 }

 pub fn get_last_part_and_decode(url: &str) -> Option<String> {
@@ -235,7 +238,8 @@ pub fn get_last_part_and_decode(url: &str) -> Option<String> {
    Some(
        percent_encoding::percent_decode_str(last_segment)
            .decode_utf8_lossy()
-            .to_string(),
+            .to_string()
+            .into(),
    )
 }

@@ -277,15 +281,15 @@ pub fn linux_elevator() -> String {
        Ok(output) => {
            if !output.stdout.is_empty() {
                if let Ok(path) = std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout) {
-                    path.trim().to_string()
+                    path.trim().into()
                } else {
-                    "sudo".to_string()
+                    "sudo".into()
                }
            } else {
-                "sudo".to_string()
+                "sudo".into()
            }
        }
-        Err(_) => "sudo".to_string(),
+        Err(_) => "sudo".into(),
    }
 }

@@ -354,6 +354,7 @@ pub(super) async fn init_dns_config() -> Result<()> {
                Value::String("*.arpa".into()),
                Value::String("time.*.com".into()),
                Value::String("ntp.*.com".into()),
+                Value::String("time.*.com".into()),
                Value::String("+.market.xiaomi.com".into()),
                Value::String("localhost.ptlogin2.qq.com".into()),
                Value::String("*.msftncsi.com".into()),
@@ -508,9 +509,11 @@ pub async fn init_resources() -> Result<()> {
    let app_dir = dirs::app_home_dir()?;
    let res_dir = dirs::app_resources_dir()?;

-    // app_home is created by `ensure_directories` in `init_config`, which always runs first.
+    if !app_dir.exists() {
+        std::mem::drop(fs::create_dir_all(&app_dir).await);
+    }
    if !res_dir.exists() {
-        fs::create_dir_all(&res_dir).await?;
+        std::mem::drop(fs::create_dir_all(&res_dir).await);
    }

    let file_list = ["Country.mmdb", "ASN.mmdb", "geoip.dat", "geosite.dat"];
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::env;
 use std::fs;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub fn ensure_mimeapps_entries(desktop_file: &str, schemes: &[&str]) -> Result<()> {
    let Some(path) = mimeapps_list_path() else {
@@ -46,19 +47,19 @@ pub fn ensure_mimeapps_entries(desktop_file: &str, schemes: &[&str]) -> Result<(
            if trimmed.eq_ignore_ascii_case("[Default Applications]") {
                default_present = true;
                current_section = Some(SectionKind::DefaultApplications);
-                output_lines.push("[Default Applications]".to_string());
+                output_lines.push("[Default Applications]".into());
                continue;
            } else if trimmed.eq_ignore_ascii_case("[Added Associations]") {
                current_section = Some(SectionKind::AddedAssociations);
-                output_lines.push("[Added Associations]".to_string());
+                output_lines.push("[Added Associations]".into());
                continue;
            }
        }

        if current_section.is_some() {
-            section_buffer.push(line.to_string());
+            section_buffer.push(line.into());
        } else {
-            output_lines.push(line.to_string());
+            output_lines.push(line.into());
        }
    }

@@ -78,9 +79,9 @@ pub fn ensure_mimeapps_entries(desktop_file: &str, schemes: &[&str]) -> Result<(
        if output_lines.last().is_some_and(|line| !line.is_empty()) {
            output_lines.push(String::new());
        }
-        output_lines.push("[Default Applications]".to_string());
+        output_lines.push("[Default Applications]".into());
        for &scheme in schemes {
-            output_lines.push(format!("x-scheme-handler/{scheme}={desktop_file};"));
+            output_lines.push(format!("x-scheme-handler/{scheme}={desktop_file};").into());
        }
    }

@@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ fn flush_section(
                .split(';')
                .filter_map(|value| {
                    let trimmed = value.trim();
-                    (!trimmed.is_empty()).then(|| trimmed.to_string())
+                    (!trimmed.is_empty()).then(|| trimmed.into())
                })
                .collect();

@@ -187,7 +188,7 @@ fn flush_section(
                    .split(';')
                    .filter_map(|value| {
                        let trimmed = value.trim();
-                        (!trimmed.is_empty()).then(|| trimmed.to_string())
+                        (!trimmed.is_empty()).then(|| trimmed.into())
                    })
                    .collect();

@@ -203,10 +204,10 @@ fn flush_section(
                        merged_values.insert(0, moved);
                    }
                } else {
-                    merged_values.insert(0, desktop_file.to_string());
+                    merged_values.insert(0, desktop_file.into());
                }

-                let mut merged_line = format!("{existing_prefix}x-scheme-handler/{scheme}=");
+                let mut merged_line: String = format!("{existing_prefix}x-scheme-handler/{scheme}=").into();
                merged_line.push_str(&merged_values.join(";"));
                merged_line.push(';');

@@ -222,16 +223,16 @@ fn flush_section(
            if let Some(pos) = values.iter().position(|value| value == desktop_file) {
                if pos != 0 {
                    values.remove(pos);
-                    values.insert(0, desktop_file.to_string());
+                    values.insert(0, desktop_file.into());
                    *changed = true;
                }
            } else {
-                values.insert(0, desktop_file.to_string());
+                values.insert(0, desktop_file.into());
                *changed = true;
            }

            let prefix = line.chars().take_while(|c| c.is_whitespace()).collect::<String>();
-            let mut new_line = format!("{prefix}x-scheme-handler/{scheme}=");
+            let mut new_line: String = format!("{prefix}x-scheme-handler/{scheme}=").into();
            new_line.push_str(&values.join(";"));
            new_line.push(';');

@@ -253,7 +254,7 @@ fn flush_section(
    if ensure_all {
        for &scheme in schemes {
            if !seen.contains_key(scheme) {
-                processed.push(format!("x-scheme-handler/{scheme}={desktop_file};"));
+                processed.push(format!("x-scheme-handler/{scheme}={desktop_file};").into());
                *changed = true;
            }
        }
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ use reqwest::{
    Client, Proxy, StatusCode,
    header::{HeaderMap, HeaderValue, USER_AGENT},
 };
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use std::{sync::Arc, time::Duration};
 use sysproxy::Sysproxy;
 use tauri::Url;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct HttpResponse {
@@ -48,17 +48,6 @@ enum TlsRootMode {
    StaticWebpkiRoots,
 }

-/// ALPN stays unset: raw TLS connectors offer none, while reqwest needs the h2 offer.
-pub(crate) fn build_webpki_rooted_tls_config() -> Result<rustls::ClientConfig> {
-    let root_store = rustls::RootCertStore::from_iter(webpki_roots::TLS_SERVER_ROOTS.iter().cloned());
-    let config = rustls::ClientConfig::builder_with_provider(Arc::new(rustls::crypto::ring::default_provider()))
-        .with_safe_default_protocol_versions()?
-        .with_root_certificates(root_store)
-        .with_no_client_auth();
-
-    Ok(config)
-}
-
 pub struct NetworkManager;

 impl NetworkManager {
@@ -68,7 +57,7 @@ impl NetworkManager {

    fn build_client(
        &self,
-        proxy_url: Option<std::string::String>,
+        proxy_url: Option<String>,
        default_headers: HeaderMap,
        accept_invalid_certs: bool,
        timeout_secs: Option<u64>,
@@ -87,7 +76,7 @@ impl NetworkManager {

        // 设置代理
        if let Some(proxy_str) = proxy_url {
-            let proxy = Proxy::all(proxy_str)?;
+            let proxy = Proxy::all(proxy_str.as_str())?;
            builder = builder.proxy(proxy);
        } else {
            builder = builder.no_proxy();
@@ -113,7 +102,13 @@ impl NetworkManager {
    }

    fn build_static_webpki_tls_config() -> Result<rustls::ClientConfig> {
-        let mut config = build_webpki_rooted_tls_config()?;
+        let root_store = rustls::RootCertStore::from_iter(webpki_roots::TLS_SERVER_ROOTS.iter().cloned());
+        let mut config =
+            rustls::ClientConfig::builder_with_provider(Arc::new(rustls::crypto::ring::default_provider()))
+                .with_safe_default_protocol_versions()?
+                .with_root_certificates(root_store)
+                .with_no_client_auth();
+
        config.alpn_protocols = vec![b"h2".to_vec(), b"http/1.1".to_vec()];

        Ok(config)
@@ -160,23 +155,6 @@ impl NetworkManager {
        detail.contains("protocolversion") || detail.contains("protocol version")
    }

-    /// `allow_fallback` stays false when the caller already disabled certificate verification.
-    async fn request_with_static_webpki_fallback<T, F, Fut>(allow_fallback: bool, mut request: F) -> Result<T>
-    where
-        F: FnMut(TlsRootMode) -> Fut,
-        Fut: std::future::Future<Output = Result<T>>,
-    {
-        match request(TlsRootMode::PlatformVerifier).await {
-            Ok(value) => Ok(value),
-            Err(err) if allow_fallback && Self::should_retry_with_static_webpki_roots(&err) => {
-                request(TlsRootMode::StaticWebpkiRoots).await.map_err(|fallback_err| {
-                    fallback_err.context("static webpki roots fallback failed after platform TLS verifier failed")
-                })
-            }
-            Err(err) => Err(err),
-        }
-    }
-
    async fn get_with_tls_mode(
        &self,
        url: &str,
@@ -248,15 +226,15 @@ impl NetworkManager {
        accept_invalid_certs: bool,
        tls_root_mode: TlsRootMode,
    ) -> Result<Client> {
-        let proxy_url: Option<std::string::String> = match proxy_type {
+        let proxy_url: Option<String> = match proxy_type {
            ProxyType::None => None,
            ProxyType::Localhost => {
                let port = MixedPort::desired().await;
-                Some(format!("http://127.0.0.1:{port}"))
+                Some(format!("http://127.0.0.1:{port}").into())
            }
            ProxyType::System => {
                if let Ok(p @ Sysproxy { enable: true, .. }) = Sysproxy::get_system_proxy() {
-                    Some(format!("http://{}:{}", p.host, p.port))
+                    Some(format!("http://{}:{}", p.host, p.port).into())
                } else {
                    None
                }
@@ -286,21 +264,34 @@ impl NetworkManager {
        user_agent: Option<String>,
        accept_invalid_certs: bool,
    ) -> Result<HttpResponse> {
-        Self::request_with_static_webpki_fallback(!accept_invalid_certs, |tls_root_mode| {
-            let user_agent = user_agent.clone();
-            async move {
-                self.get_with_tls_mode(
+        let platform_result = self
+            .get_with_tls_mode(
+                url,
+                proxy_type,
+                timeout_secs,
+                user_agent.clone(),
+                accept_invalid_certs,
+                TlsRootMode::PlatformVerifier,
+            )
+            .await;
+
+        match platform_result {
+            Ok(response) => Ok(response),
+            Err(err) if !accept_invalid_certs && Self::should_retry_with_static_webpki_roots(&err) => self
+                .get_with_tls_mode(
                    url,
                    proxy_type,
                    timeout_secs,
                    user_agent,
                    accept_invalid_certs,
-                    tls_root_mode,
+                    TlsRootMode::StaticWebpkiRoots,
                )
                .await
-            }
-        })
-        .await
+                .map_err(|fallback_err| {
+                    fallback_err.context("static webpki roots fallback failed after platform TLS verifier failed")
+                }),
+            Err(err) => Err(err),
+        }
    }

    async fn get_bytes_with_tls_mode(
@@ -349,10 +340,19 @@ impl NetworkManager {
        timeout_secs: Option<u64>,
        max_bytes: usize,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
-        Self::request_with_static_webpki_fallback(true, |tls_root_mode| async move {
-            self.get_bytes_with_tls_mode(url, proxy_type, timeout_secs, max_bytes, tls_root_mode)
+        let platform_result = self
+            .get_bytes_with_tls_mode(url, proxy_type, timeout_secs, max_bytes, TlsRootMode::PlatformVerifier)
+            .await;
+
+        match platform_result {
+            Ok(body) => Ok(body),
+            Err(err) if Self::should_retry_with_static_webpki_roots(&err) => self
+                .get_bytes_with_tls_mode(url, proxy_type, timeout_secs, max_bytes, TlsRootMode::StaticWebpkiRoots)
                .await
-        })
-        .await
+                .map_err(|fallback_err| {
+                    fallback_err.context("static webpki roots fallback failed after platform TLS verifier failed")
+                }),
+            Err(err) => Err(err),
+        }
    }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 use crate::core::notify::NoticeStatus;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};

+use anyhow::Result;
+
 use crate::{
    config::Config,
    core::{
@@ -95,6 +97,18 @@ async fn resolve_setup() {
    resolve_done();
 }

+pub async fn resolve_reset_async() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
+    CoreManager::global().stop_core().await?;
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    {
+        use dns::restore_public_dns;
+        restore_public_dns().await?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 fn init_scheme() {
    logging_error!(Type::Setup, init::init_scheme());
 }
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use crate::core::notify::NoticeStatus;
 use anyhow::Result;
 use percent_encoding::percent_decode_str;
-use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tauri::Url;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 use crate::{
    config::{Config, PrfItem, profiles},
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ pub(super) async fn resolve_scheme(param: &str) -> Result<()> {
    Ok(())
 }

-fn extract_subscription_info(link_parsed: &Url) -> Option<(std::string::String, Option<String>)> {
+fn extract_subscription_info(link_parsed: &Url) -> Option<(String, Option<String>)> {
    if !matches!(link_parsed.scheme(), "clash" | "clash-verge") {
        return None;
    }
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ fn extract_subscription_info(link_parsed: &Url) -> Option<(std::string::String,
    Some((url, name))
 }

-fn extract_subscription_url(link_parsed: &Url) -> Option<std::string::String> {
+fn extract_subscription_url(link_parsed: &Url) -> Option<String> {
    let query = link_parsed.query()?;
    let prefix = "url=";
    let pos = query.find(prefix)?;
@@ -60,15 +60,15 @@ fn extract_subscription_url(link_parsed: &Url) -> Option<std::string::String> {
    Some(decode_subscription_url(raw_url))
 }

-fn decode_subscription_url(raw_url: &str) -> std::string::String {
+fn decode_subscription_url(raw_url: &str) -> String {
    // Avoid double-decoding nested subscription URLs; decode only when needed.
    if Url::parse(raw_url).is_ok() {
-        return raw_url.to_string();
+        return String::from(raw_url);
    }

-    let mut candidate = raw_url.to_string();
+    let mut candidate = String::from(raw_url);
    for _ in 0..2 {
-        let next = percent_decode_str(&candidate).decode_utf8_lossy().to_string();
+        let next = String::from(percent_decode_str(&candidate).decode_utf8_lossy());
        if next == candidate {
            break;
        }
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use std::fs;
 use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt as _;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::{Command, Output};
+use tristr::alias::String;
 use windows::Win32::Globalization::{GetACP, GetOEMCP, MULTI_BYTE_TO_WIDE_CHAR_FLAGS, MultiByteToWideChar};

 const CREATE_NO_WINDOW: u32 = 0x08000000;
@@ -72,11 +73,11 @@ fn get_task_user_id() -> Result<String> {
    if let Some(domain) = domain {
        let domain = domain.trim();
        if !domain.is_empty() {
-            return Ok(format!("{domain}\\{username}"));
+            return Ok(format!("{domain}\\{username}").into());
        }
    }

-    Ok(username.to_string())
+    Ok(username.into())
 }

 fn get_startup_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
@@ -118,7 +119,8 @@ fn task_xml_path(mode: TaskMode) -> Result<PathBuf> {
 }

 fn xml_escape(value: &str) -> String {
-    let mut escaped = String::with_capacity(value.len());
+    // Per-char pushes must stay on the std String: TriStr growth re-materializes per push.
+    let mut escaped = std::string::String::with_capacity(value.len());
    for ch in value.chars() {
        match ch {
            '&' => escaped.push_str("&amp;"),
@@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ fn xml_escape(value: &str) -> String {
            _ => escaped.push(ch),
        }
    }
-    escaped
+    escaped.into()
 }

 fn build_task_xml(mode: TaskMode) -> Result<String> {
@@ -182,7 +184,8 @@ fn build_task_xml(mode: TaskMode) -> Result<String> {
        user_id,
        mode.xml_run_level(),
        exe_path
-    ))
+    )
+    .into())
 }

 fn encode_utf16le_with_bom(content: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
@@ -226,12 +229,13 @@ fn decode_with_code_page(bytes: &[u8], code_page: u32) -> Option<String> {
    }

    wide.truncate(written as usize);
-    Some(String::from_utf16_lossy(&wide))
+    // from_utf16_lossy exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    Some(std::string::String::from_utf16_lossy(&wide).into())
 }

 fn decode_console_output(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
    if let Ok(text) = std::str::from_utf8(bytes) {
-        return text.to_string();
+        return text.into();
    }

    let oem = unsafe { GetOEMCP() };
@@ -244,7 +248,8 @@ fn decode_console_output(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
        return text;
    }

-    String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes).to_string()
+    // from_utf8_lossy exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    std::string::String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes).into()
 }

 fn output_message(output: &Output) -> String {
@@ -254,10 +259,10 @@ fn output_message(output: &Output) -> String {
    let stderr = stderr.trim();

    match (stdout.is_empty(), stderr.is_empty()) {
-        (true, true) => "unknown error".to_string(),
-        (false, true) => stdout.to_string(),
-        (true, false) => stderr.to_string(),
-        (false, false) => format!("{stdout} | {stderr}"),
+        (true, true) => "unknown error".into(),
+        (false, true) => stdout.into(),
+        (true, false) => stderr.into(),
+        (false, false) => format!("{stdout} | {stderr}").into(),
    }
 }

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use std::sync::OnceLock;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
 use std::time::Duration;
 use tokio::sync::oneshot;
+use tristr::alias::String;
 use warp::Filter as _;

 const INSTANCE_TOKEN_HEADER: &str = "x-instance-token";
@@ -141,7 +142,7 @@ async fn notify_existing_instance(record: &InstanceRecord) -> bool {
    let request = client.get(format!("http://127.0.0.1:{}/commands/visible", record.port));

    request
-        .header(INSTANCE_TOKEN_HEADER, &record.token)
+        .header(INSTANCE_TOKEN_HEADER, record.token.as_str())
        .send()
        .await
        .is_ok_and(|response| response.status().is_success())
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use serde::Serialize;
 use serde_yaml_ng::Result;
+use tristr::alias::String;

 pub fn to_mihomo_config_string<T: Serialize>(data: &T) -> Result<String> {
    let yaml = serde_yaml_ng::to_string(data)?;
@@ -7,7 +8,8 @@ pub fn to_mihomo_config_string<T: Serialize>(data: &T) -> Result<String> {
 }

 fn quote_fake_ip_filter_wildcards(yaml: &str) -> String {
-    let mut result = String::with_capacity(yaml.len());
+    // with_capacity exists only on the std String type; the tristr alias shadows the bare name.
+    let mut result = std::string::String::with_capacity(yaml.len());
    let mut in_fake_ip_filter = false;
    let mut fake_ip_filter_indent = 0;

@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ fn quote_fake_ip_filter_wildcards(yaml: &str) -> String {
        result.push('\n');
    }

-    result
+    result.into()
 }

 fn leading_spaces(line: &str) -> usize {
@@ -50,12 +52,12 @@ fn quote_wildcard_item(item: &str) -> String {
    if !item.starts_with('\"') && !item.starts_with('\'') && contains_wildcard(item) {
        quote_string(item)
    } else {
-        item.to_string()
+        item.into()
    }
 }

 fn quote_string(s: &str) -> String {
-    "\'".to_string() + s.replace('\'', "''").as_str() + "\'"
+    ("\'".to_string() + s.replace('\'', "''").as_str() + "\'").into()
 }

 fn contains_wildcard(value: &str) -> bool {
@@ -4,19 +4,10 @@ import {
  VisibilityOffOutlined,
  VisibilityOutlined,
 } from '@mui/icons-material'
-import {
-  Box,
-  Button,
-  FormControlLabel,
-  IconButton,
-  Skeleton,
-  Switch,
-  Typography,
-} from '@mui/material'
+import { Box, Button, IconButton, Skeleton, Typography } from '@mui/material'
 import { getCurrentWebviewWindow } from '@tauri-apps/api/webviewWindow'
 import { useEffect } from 'foxact/use-abortable-effect'
 import { useIntersection } from 'foxact/use-intersection'
-import { useLocalStorage } from 'foxact/use-local-storage'
 import type { XOR } from 'foxts/ts-xor'
 import {
  forwardRef,
@@ -108,13 +99,9 @@ const IPInfoCardContainer = forwardRef<HTMLElement, React.PropsWithChildren>(
 export const IpInfoCard = () => {
  const { t } = useTranslation()
  const [showIp, setShowIp] = useState(false)
-  const [autoRefresh, setAutoRefresh] = useLocalStorage(
-    'ip-info-auto-refresh',
-    true,
-  )
  const appWindow = useMemo(() => getCurrentWebviewWindow(), [])

-  // Once intersected, the card stays eligible for refresh until unmount.
+  // Once intersected, refreshes stay enabled until unmount.
  const [containerRef, hasIntersected, _resetIntersected] = useIntersection({
    rootMargin: '0px',
  })
@@ -164,8 +151,6 @@ export const IpInfoCard = () => {
  })

  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!autoRefresh) return
-
    let timer: number | null = null

    // Prefer DOM intersection state; Tauri visibility is unreliable on some platforms.
@@ -205,7 +190,7 @@ export const IpInfoCard = () => {
      if (timer != null) clearInterval(timer)
      document.removeEventListener('visibilitychange', onVisibilityChange)
    }
-  }, [autoRefresh, hasIntersected])
+  }, [hasIntersected])

  const toggleShowIp = useCallback(() => {
    setShowIp((prev) => !prev)
@@ -379,25 +364,12 @@ export const IpInfoCard = () => {
              fontSize: '0.7rem',
            }}
          >
-            <FormControlLabel
-              sx={{ m: 0 }}
-              control={
-                <Switch
-                  size="small"
-                  checked={autoRefresh}
-                  onChange={(_, checked) => setAutoRefresh(checked)}
-                />
-              }
-              label={
-                <Typography variant="caption">
-                  {t('home.components.ipInfo.labels.autoRefresh')}
-                  {autoRefresh &&
-                    (countdown.type === 'countdown'
-                      ? `: ${countdown.remainingSeconds}s`
-                      : '...')}
-                </Typography>
-              }
-            />
+            <Typography variant="caption">
+              {t('home.components.ipInfo.labels.autoRefresh')}
+              {countdown.type === 'countdown'
+                ? `: ${countdown.remainingSeconds}s`
+                : '...'}
+            </Typography>
            <Typography
              variant="caption"
              sx={{
@@ -397,9 +397,9 @@ export const RulesEditorViewer = (props: Props) => {
      return
    }

-    setPrependSeq((obj?.prepend || []).filter((rule) => rule !== null))
-    setAppendSeq((obj?.append || []).filter((rule) => rule !== null))
-    setDeleteSeq((obj?.delete || []).filter((rule) => rule !== null))
+    setPrependSeq(obj?.prepend || [])
+    setAppendSeq(obj?.append || [])
+    setDeleteSeq(obj?.delete || [])
    hasLoadedSeqConfigRef.current = true
  }, [property])

@@ -417,9 +417,9 @@ export const RulesEditorViewer = (props: Props) => {

    hasLoadedSeqConfigRef.current = true
    startTransition(() => {
-      setPrependSeq((obj?.prepend ?? []).filter((rule) => rule !== null))
-      setAppendSeq((obj?.append ?? []).filter((rule) => rule !== null))
-      setDeleteSeq((obj?.delete ?? []).filter((rule) => rule !== null))
+      setPrependSeq(obj?.prepend ?? [])
+      setAppendSeq(obj?.append ?? [])
+      setDeleteSeq(obj?.delete ?? [])
    })
    setVisualization(true)
  }
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ function NormalProxyGroups(props: { mode: string }) {
        />
      </DragDropProvider>

-      {(mode === 'rule' || mode === 'global') && (
+      {mode === 'rule' && (
        <ProxyGroupNavigator
          proxyGroupNames={proxyGroupNames}
          onGroupLocation={handleGroupLocationByName}
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ export const useRenderList = (
    if (!proxyView) return []
    if (isChainMode)
      return selectedGroup ? [selectedGroup] : [CHAIN_DELAY_GROUP]
-    return mode === 'rule' || mode === 'global'
+    return mode === 'rule' || mode === 'script'
      ? proxyView.groups.map(({ name }) => name)
      : proxyView.global
        ? [proxyView.global.name]
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ export const useRenderList = (
      }))
    }

-    const useRule = mode === 'rule' || mode === 'global'
+    const useRule = mode === 'rule' || mode === 'script'
    const renderGroups = useRule
      ? proxyView.groups
      : proxyView.global === null
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
      "yes": "Yes",
      "no": "No",
      "failed": "Failed",
-      "risky": "غير مؤكد",
      "completed": "Completed",
      "disallowedIsp": "Disallowed ISP",
      "originalsOnly": "Originals Only",
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
      "yes": "Unterstützt",
      "no": "Nicht unterstützt",
      "failed": "Test fehlgeschlagen",
-      "risky": "Ungewiss",
      "completed": "Prüfung abgeschlossen",
      "disallowedIsp": "Nicht zugelassener Internetdienstanbieter",
      "originalsOnly": "Nur Original",
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
      "yes": "Yes",
      "no": "No",
      "failed": "Failed",
-      "risky": "Risky",
      "completed": "Completed",
      "disallowedIsp": "Disallowed ISP",
      "originalsOnly": "Originals Only",
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
      "yes": "Soportado",
      "no": "No soportado",
      "failed": "Prueba fallida",
-      "risky": "Dudoso",
      "completed": "Detección completada",
      "disallowedIsp": "Proveedor de servicios de Internet no permitido",
      "originalsOnly": "Solo originales",
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
      "yes": "Yes",
      "no": "No",
      "failed": "Failed",
-      "risky": "نامشخص",
      "completed": "Completed",
      "disallowedIsp": "Disallowed ISP",
      "originalsOnly": "Originals Only",
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
      "yes": "Yes",
      "no": "No",
      "failed": "Failed",
-      "risky": "Tidak pasti",
      "completed": "Completed",
      "disallowedIsp": "Disallowed ISP",
      "originalsOnly": "Originals Only",
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
TungliesandGLM-5.3	010c037dde	refactor: replace smartstring with tristr across the codebase Co-authored-by: GLM-5.3 <glm@z.ai>	2026-10-27 06:55:10 +08:00
TungliesandGLM-5.3	e017d4d9d4	refactor: replace smartstring with tristr across the codebase Co-authored-by: GLM-5.3 <glm@z.ai>	2026-10-27 06:47:53 +08:00