package profile

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/fs"
	"os"
	"os/user"
	"path/filepath"
	"strconv"
	"strings"

	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"

	"proxyctl/internal/pathutil"
	"proxyctl/internal/securefs"
)

type FileStore struct {
	path        string
	owner       *UserIdentity
	trustedRoot string
	operations  fileOperations
}

type fileOperations interface {
	SetOwner(*os.File, int, int) error
	SyncDirectory(*os.File) error
}

type systemFileOperations struct{}

func (systemFileOperations) SetOwner(file *os.File, uid, gid int) error {
	return file.Chown(uid, gid)
}

func (systemFileOperations) SyncDirectory(directory *os.File) error {
	return directory.Sync()
}

func NewFileStore(path string) *FileStore {
	return &FileStore{path: path, trustedRoot: securefs.ExistingTrustedRoot(path), operations: systemFileOperations{}}
}

func NewOwnedFileStore(path string, owner UserIdentity) *FileStore {
	return NewOwnedFileStoreAt(path, owner, owner.HomeDir)
}

func NewOwnedFileStoreAt(path string, owner UserIdentity, trustedRoot string) *FileStore {
	return &FileStore{path: path, owner: &owner, trustedRoot: trustedRoot, operations: systemFileOperations{}}
}

func newFileStore(path string, owner *UserIdentity, operations fileOperations) *FileStore {
	trustedRoot := securefs.ExistingTrustedRoot(path)
	if owner != nil {
		trustedRoot = owner.HomeDir
	}
	return &FileStore{path: path, owner: owner, trustedRoot: trustedRoot, operations: operations}
}

func (s *FileStore) secureStore() securefs.Store {
	store := securefs.Store{TrustedRoot: s.trustedRoot}
	if s.owner != nil {
		store.Owner = &securefs.Owner{UID: s.owner.UID, GID: s.owner.GID}
	}
	return store
}

type UserIdentity struct {
	Username string
	HomeDir  string
	UID      int
	GID      int
}

type Configuration struct {
	Path        string
	Owner       UserIdentity
	TrustedRoot string
}

type IdentityEnvironment interface {
	CurrentUser() (UserIdentity, error)
	LookupUser(string) (UserIdentity, error)
	LookupEnv(string) (string, bool)
}

type systemIdentityEnvironment struct{}

func identityFromUser(value *user.User) (UserIdentity, error) {
	uid, err := strconv.Atoi(value.Uid)
	if err != nil {
		return UserIdentity{}, fmt.Errorf("parse uid %q: %w", value.Uid, err)
	}
	gid, err := strconv.Atoi(value.Gid)
	if err != nil {
		return UserIdentity{}, fmt.Errorf("parse gid %q: %w", value.Gid, err)
	}
	return UserIdentity{Username: value.Username, HomeDir: value.HomeDir, UID: uid, GID: gid}, nil
}

func (systemIdentityEnvironment) CurrentUser() (UserIdentity, error) {
	value, err := user.Current()
	if err != nil {
		return UserIdentity{}, err
	}
	return identityFromUser(value)
}

func (systemIdentityEnvironment) LookupUser(name string) (UserIdentity, error) {
	value, err := user.Lookup(name)
	if err != nil {
		return UserIdentity{}, err
	}
	return identityFromUser(value)
}

func (systemIdentityEnvironment) LookupEnv(name string) (string, bool) {
	return os.LookupEnv(name)
}

// SystemCurrentUser and SystemLookupUser expose the same injectable identity model
// to user-scoped Target configuration without duplicating OS account parsing.
func SystemCurrentUser() (UserIdentity, error) {
	return systemIdentityEnvironment{}.CurrentUser()
}

func SystemLookupUser(name string) (UserIdentity, error) {
	return systemIdentityEnvironment{}.LookupUser(name)
}

func ConfigPath() (string, error) {
	configuration, err := ResolveConfigurationForCurrentProcess()
	return configuration.Path, err
}

func ResolveConfigurationForCurrentProcess() (Configuration, error) {
	return ResolveConfiguration(systemIdentityEnvironment{})
}

func ResolveConfiguration(environment IdentityEnvironment) (Configuration, error) {
	owner, err := environment.CurrentUser()
	if err != nil {
		return Configuration{}, fmt.Errorf("identify configuration owner: %w", err)
	}
	invokingUser := false
	if name, ok := environment.LookupEnv("SUDO_USER"); ok && name != "" && name != owner.Username {
		owner, err = environment.LookupUser(name)
		if err != nil {
			return Configuration{}, fmt.Errorf("identify invoking user %q: %w", name, err)
		}
		invokingUser = true
	}
	if owner.HomeDir == "" {
		return Configuration{}, errors.New("configuration owner has no home directory")
	}
	if owner.UID < 0 || owner.GID < 0 {
		return Configuration{}, errors.New("configuration owner has an invalid uid or gid")
	}

	configDir := ""
	trustedRoot := owner.HomeDir
	if value, ok := environment.LookupEnv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME"); ok && filepath.IsAbs(value) {
		if !invokingUser || pathWithin(value, owner.HomeDir) {
			configDir = value
			if !pathWithin(value, owner.HomeDir) {
				trustedRoot = value
			}
		}
	}
	if configDir == "" {
		configDir = filepath.Join(owner.HomeDir, ".config")
	}
	return Configuration{
		Path:        filepath.Join(configDir, "proxyctl", "profiles.json"),
		Owner:       owner,
		TrustedRoot: trustedRoot,
	}, nil
}

func ConfigPathWith(environment IdentityEnvironment) (string, error) {
	configuration, err := ResolveConfiguration(environment)
	return configuration.Path, err
}

func pathWithin(path, parent string) bool { return pathutil.Within(path, parent) }

type CommitError struct {
	Err error
}

func (e *CommitError) Error() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("Profile configuration was committed but durability could not be confirmed: %v", e.Err)
}

func (e *CommitError) Unwrap() error { return e.Err }

func (s *FileStore) Load() (State, error) {
	return s.load()
}

func (s *FileStore) Mutate(change func(State) (State, error)) (State, error) {
	directory, err := s.openConfigurationDirectory(true)
	if err != nil {
		return State{}, err
	}
	defer directory.Close()
	lock, err := s.openLockAt(directory)
	if err != nil {
		return State{}, err
	}
	defer lock.Close()
	if err := unix.Flock(int(lock.Fd()), unix.LOCK_EX); err != nil {
		return State{}, fmt.Errorf("lock Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	defer func() { _ = unix.Flock(int(lock.Fd()), unix.LOCK_UN) }()

	current, err := s.loadFrom(directory)
	if err != nil {
		return State{}, err
	}
	next, err := change(current)
	if err != nil {
		return current, err
	}
	committed, err := s.save(next, directory)
	if committed {
		return next, err
	}
	if err != nil {
		return current, err
	}
	return next, nil
}

func openNoFollow(path string, flags int, mode uint32) (*os.File, error) {
	return securefs.OpenNoFollow(path, flags, mode)
}

func openAt(directory *os.File, name string, flags int, mode uint32) (*os.File, error) {
	return securefs.OpenAt(directory, name, flags, mode)
}

func (s *FileStore) load() (State, error) {
	directory, err := s.openConfigurationDirectory(false)
	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
		return State{}, nil
	}
	if err != nil {
		return State{}, err
	}
	defer directory.Close()
	if err := s.secureExistingLock(directory); err != nil {
		return State{}, err
	}
	return s.loadFrom(directory)
}

func (s *FileStore) loadFrom(directory *os.File) (State, error) {
	file, err := openAt(directory, filepath.Base(s.path), unix.O_RDONLY|unix.O_NONBLOCK, 0)
	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
		return State{}, nil
	}
	if err != nil {
		return State{}, fmt.Errorf("open Profile configuration without following links: %w", err)
	}
	defer file.Close()
	if err := s.secureRegularFile(file, "Profile configuration"); err != nil {
		return State{}, err
	}
	data, err := io.ReadAll(file)
	if err != nil {
		return State{}, fmt.Errorf("read Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	var state State
	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &state); err != nil {
		return State{}, fmt.Errorf("parse Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	return state, nil
}

func (s *FileStore) secureRegularFile(file *os.File, description string) error {
	info, err := file.Stat()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("inspect %s: %w", description, err)
	}
	if !info.Mode().IsRegular() {
		return fmt.Errorf("%s is not a regular file", description)
	}
	if s.owner != nil {
		if err := s.operations.SetOwner(file, s.owner.UID, s.owner.GID); err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("set %s owner: %w", description, err)
		}
	}
	if info.Mode().Perm() != 0o600 {
		if err := file.Chmod(0o600); err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("secure %s: %w", description, err)
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func (s *FileStore) openConfigurationDirectory(create bool) (*os.File, error) {
	directoryPath := filepath.Clean(filepath.Dir(s.path))
	if !filepath.IsAbs(directoryPath) {
		return nil, errors.New("Profile configuration path must be absolute")
	}
	if directoryPath == string(filepath.Separator) {
		return nil, errors.New("Profile configuration directory cannot be the filesystem root")
	}
	creationRoot := directoryPath
	if s.owner != nil {
		creationRoot = filepath.Clean(s.trustedRoot)
		if !filepath.IsAbs(creationRoot) || !pathWithin(directoryPath, creationRoot) || directoryPath == creationRoot {
			return nil, errors.New("Profile configuration directory escapes its trusted root")
		}
	}

	current, err := openNoFollow(string(filepath.Separator), unix.O_RDONLY|unix.O_DIRECTORY, 0)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("open filesystem root: %w", err)
	}
	currentPath := string(filepath.Separator)
	for _, component := range strings.Split(strings.TrimPrefix(directoryPath, string(filepath.Separator)), string(filepath.Separator)) {
		if component == "" {
			continue
		}
		nextPath := filepath.Join(currentPath, component)
		next, openErr := openAt(current, component, unix.O_RDONLY|unix.O_DIRECTORY, 0)
		if errors.Is(openErr, fs.ErrNotExist) && create && s.mayCreateDirectory(nextPath, directoryPath, creationRoot) {
			created := false
			if mkdirErr := unix.Mkdirat(int(current.Fd()), component, 0o700); mkdirErr != nil {
				if !errors.Is(mkdirErr, fs.ErrExist) {
					current.Close()
					return nil, fmt.Errorf("create Profile configuration directory component %q: %w", nextPath, mkdirErr)
				}
			} else {
				created = true
			}
			next, openErr = openAt(current, component, unix.O_RDONLY|unix.O_DIRECTORY, 0)
			if openErr == nil && created {
				if err := s.secureCreatedDirectory(next, nextPath); err != nil {
					next.Close()
					_ = unix.Unlinkat(int(current.Fd()), component, unix.AT_REMOVEDIR)
					current.Close()
					return nil, err
				}
			}
		}
		current.Close()
		if openErr != nil {
			if errors.Is(openErr, fs.ErrNotExist) {
				return nil, openErr
			}
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("open Profile configuration ancestor %q without following links: %w", nextPath, openErr)
		}
		current = next
		currentPath = nextPath
	}
	if err := s.secureConfigurationDirectory(current); err != nil {
		current.Close()
		return nil, err
	}
	return current, nil
}

func (s *FileStore) mayCreateDirectory(path, directoryPath, creationRoot string) bool {
	if s.owner == nil {
		return path == directoryPath
	}
	return path != creationRoot && pathWithin(path, creationRoot)
}

func (s *FileStore) secureCreatedDirectory(directory *os.File, path string) error {
	if s.owner != nil {
		if err := s.operations.SetOwner(directory, s.owner.UID, s.owner.GID); err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("set created Profile configuration directory %q owner: %w", path, err)
		}
	}
	if err := directory.Chmod(0o700); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("secure created Profile configuration directory %q: %w", path, err)
	}
	return nil
}

func (s *FileStore) secureConfigurationDirectory(directory *os.File) error {
	if s.owner != nil {
		if err := s.operations.SetOwner(directory, s.owner.UID, s.owner.GID); err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("set Profile configuration directory owner: %w", err)
		}
	}
	if err := directory.Chmod(0o700); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("secure Profile configuration directory: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

func (s *FileStore) secureExistingLock(directory *os.File) error {
	lock, err := openAt(directory, filepath.Base(s.path)+".lock", unix.O_RDWR, 0)
	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
		return nil
	}
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("open existing Profile configuration lock without following links: %w", err)
	}
	defer lock.Close()
	return s.secureRegularFile(lock, "Profile configuration lock")
}

func (s *FileStore) openLockAt(directory *os.File) (*os.File, error) {
	lock, err := openAt(directory, filepath.Base(s.path)+".lock", unix.O_CREAT|unix.O_RDWR, 0o600)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("open Profile configuration lock without following links: %w", err)
	}
	if err := s.secureRegularFile(lock, "Profile configuration lock"); err != nil {
		lock.Close()
		return nil, err
	}
	return lock, nil
}

func (s *FileStore) save(state State, directory *os.File) (bool, error) {
	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(state, "", "  ")
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("encode Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	data = append(data, '\n')
	temp, tempBase, err := createTemporaryAt(directory)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("create temporary Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	defer unix.Unlinkat(int(directory.Fd()), tempBase, 0) //nolint:errcheck -- rename normally removes the temporary name
	if s.owner != nil {
		if err := s.operations.SetOwner(temp, s.owner.UID, s.owner.GID); err != nil {
			temp.Close()
			return false, fmt.Errorf("set temporary Profile configuration owner: %w", err)
		}
	}
	if err := temp.Chmod(0o600); err != nil {
		temp.Close()
		return false, fmt.Errorf("secure temporary Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	if _, err := temp.Write(data); err != nil {
		temp.Close()
		return false, fmt.Errorf("write temporary Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	if err := temp.Sync(); err != nil {
		temp.Close()
		return false, fmt.Errorf("sync temporary Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	if err := temp.Close(); err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("close temporary Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	if err := unix.Renameat(int(directory.Fd()), tempBase, int(directory.Fd()), filepath.Base(s.path)); err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("replace Profile configuration: %w", err)
	}
	if err := s.operations.SyncDirectory(directory); err != nil {
		return true, &CommitError{Err: fmt.Errorf("sync Profile configuration directory: %w", err)}
	}
	return true, nil
}

func createTemporaryAt(directory *os.File) (*os.File, string, error) {
	return securefs.CreateTemporaryAt(directory, ".profiles-")
}