diff --git a/src/services/mutate.ts b/src/services/mutate.ts
index ec59552ea..269629a90 100644
--- a/src/services/mutate.ts
+++ b/src/services/mutate.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { showNotice } from '@/services/notice-service'
 import { revalidateQueries } from '@/services/query-client'
-import type { AppStoreAction } from '@/store/app-state'
 
 /** Anything a notice call accepts: translation key, ReactNode, or failure payload. */
 type MutateNoticeInput = Parameters<typeof showNotice.error>[0]
@@ -8,18 +7,12 @@ type MutateNoticeInput = Parameters<typeof showNotice.error>[0]
 export interface MutateOptions<T> {
   /** Commands with the same identity execute in request order. */
   id: string
-  /** Applied before the command runs; undone by `rollback` on failure. */
-  optimistic?: () => void
-  /** Restores pre-optimistic state when the command rejects. */
-  rollback?: () => void | Promise<void>
   /** Runs after a fulfilled (non-busy) result, e.g. cache merges. */
   onFulfilled?: (value: T) => void
   /** SWR keys revalidated after a fulfilled result. */
   revalidate?: readonly (readonly unknown[] | string)[]
   /** Shown after a fulfilled result (most flows leave this to backend notices). */
   successNotice?: MutateNoticeInput
-  /** Shown when the command resolves with `{ status: 'busy' }`. */
-  busyNotice?: MutateNoticeInput
   /** `false` suppresses the default error toast. */
   errorNotice?: false | MutateNoticeInput
 }
@@ -35,20 +28,6 @@ const isBusyOutcome = (value: unknown): boolean =>
   (value as { status?: unknown }).status === 'busy'
 
 const inFlight = new Map<string, Promise<void>>()
-let storeDispatch: ((action: AppStoreAction) => void) | null = null
-
-/** The app store registers its dispatcher so the funnel can record busy state. */
-export const bindStoreDispatch = (
-  dispatch: ((action: AppStoreAction) => void) | null,
-) => {
-  storeDispatch = dispatch
-}
-
-/**
- * The single funnel for "user intent → backend command": optimistic apply,
- * invoke through the services layer, Busy handling, failure rollback, and the
- * error toast, in that order, for every mutating call site.
- */
 export async function mutate<T>(
   invoke: () => Promise<T>,
   options: MutateOptions<T>,
@@ -61,15 +40,10 @@ export async function mutate<T>(
   })
   inFlight.set(id, settled)
   if (previous) await previous
-  storeDispatch?.({ type: 'busy/started', id })
 
   try {
-    options.optimistic?.()
     const value = await invoke()
     if (isBusyOutcome(value)) {
-      if (options.busyNotice !== undefined) {
-        showNotice.warning(options.busyNotice)
-      }
       return { ok: false, busy: true, value }
     }
     options.onFulfilled?.(value)
@@ -81,7 +55,6 @@ export async function mutate<T>(
     }
     return { ok: true, value }
   } catch (error) {
-    await options.rollback?.()
     if (options.errorNotice !== false) {
       showNotice.error(
         options.errorNotice !== undefined ? options.errorNotice : error,
@@ -91,6 +64,5 @@ export async function mutate<T>(
   } finally {
     release()
     if (inFlight.get(id) === settled) inFlight.delete(id)
-    storeDispatch?.({ type: 'busy/settled', id })
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/store/app-state.ts b/src/store/app-state.ts
index 8493c7769..c0e143308 100644
--- a/src/store/app-state.ts
+++ b/src/store/app-state.ts
@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ export interface AppStoreState {
   readonly profileUpdates: ProfileUpdatesState
   /** Bumped once per test-all request; test items run their delay test per bump. */
   readonly testAllCounter: number
-  /** Mutate-funnel bookkeeping: in-flight intent ids. */
-  readonly busy: ReadonlySet<string>
 }
 
 export const initialAppStoreState: AppStoreState = {
@@ -34,7 +32,6 @@ export const initialAppStoreState: AppStoreState = {
     timerRevisions: new Map(),
   },
   testAllCounter: 0,
-  busy: new Set(),
 }
 
 export type AppStoreAction =
@@ -46,8 +43,6 @@ export type AppStoreAction =
   | { type: 'profileUpdate/timerTick'; uid: string }
   | { type: 'profileLoading/set'; uids: readonly string[]; loading: boolean }
   | { type: 'testAll/requested' }
-  | { type: 'busy/started'; id: string }
-  | { type: 'busy/settled'; id: string }
 
 const bumpRevision = (
   map: ReadonlyMap<string, number>,
@@ -125,17 +120,5 @@ export function appStoreReducer(
       return withLoading(state, action.uids, action.loading)
     case 'testAll/requested':
       return { ...state, testAllCounter: state.testAllCounter + 1 }
-    case 'busy/started': {
-      if (state.busy.has(action.id)) return state
-      const busy = new Set(state.busy)
-      busy.add(action.id)
-      return { ...state, busy }
-    }
-    case 'busy/settled': {
-      if (!state.busy.has(action.id)) return state
-      const busy = new Set(state.busy)
-      busy.delete(action.id)
-      return { ...state, busy }
-    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/store/app-store.tsx b/src/store/app-store.tsx
index 5571e8de4..b84f404c1 100644
--- a/src/store/app-store.tsx
+++ b/src/store/app-store.tsx
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useReducer } from 'react'
 import type { ReactNode } from 'react'
 
-import { bindStoreDispatch } from '@/services/mutate'
-
 import {
   type AppStoreAction,
   appStoreReducer,
@@ -34,11 +32,6 @@ export const AppStoreProvider = ({ children }: { children?: ReactNode }) => {
     [reads],
   )
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    bindStoreDispatch(dispatch)
-    return () => bindStoreDispatch(null)
-  }, [])
-
   useEffect(() => {
     const readRunState = () => {
       void reads.readRunState().catch(() => {})